Etymologie, Etimología, Étymologie, Etimologia, Etymology
US Vereinigte Staaten von Amerika, Estados Unidos de América, États-Unis d'Amérique, Stati Uniti d'America, United States of America
Informatik, Informatique, Informatics
90 nanometer is the buzzword of choice (2000-2004) for an advanced semiconductor manufacturing process that combines higher-performance, lower-power transistors, strained silicon, high-speed copper interconnects and low-k dielectric material. Some of the new technologies in 90 nm are strained silicon which causes one type of transistor to switch faster, ...
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Erstellt: 2010-11
A
ABEND (W3)
Der Abend ist normalerweise der normale Abschluss des Tages. Es gibt aber auch ein "ABEND", das einen unnormalen Abschluss bezeichnet.
Das engl. "ABEND" ist die Abkürzung für "ABnormal END". Es wird vor allem in der Datenverarbeitung benutzt und bezeichnet z.B. ein beliebtes Verhalten eines PCs. Eingeführt wurde der Begriff allerdings mit einer Fehlermeldung der IBM Grossrechner der "frühen" Jahre.
Mittlerweile hat es im Zusammenhang mit E-Mails eine weitere Bedeutung erhalten: "Abwesend durch erzwungenen Netz-Entzug", zur Information von Kommunikationspartnern, dass man (aus unterschiedlichen Gründen) (zeitweise) nicht erreichbar ist.
(1) Acronym for "abnormal end" of task. It refers to software crashes or lossage. Derives from an error message on the IBM 360.
(2) Acronym for "Absent By Enforced Net Deprivation". Sent in e-mail subject lines warning friends and others of forced loss of Internet access (due to moving, network outages, or illness).
abort (W2)
(E?)(L?) http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/A/abort.html
To stop a program or function before it has finished naturally. The term "abort" refers to both requested and unexpected terminations. For example, many applications let you abort a search or a print job. On the other hand, programs can abort unexpectedly for any of the following reasons:
bugs in the software
unexpected input that the program cannot handle
hardware malfunction
When a program aborts, you are usually returned to the operating system shell level. Contrast abort with crash, which makes the entire system, including the operating system, unusable.
Der Begriff für einen unerwarteten Programmabbruch steht auch für den Abbruch einer Schwangerschaft. In beiden Fällen steht das lat. "abortus" = "Abgang" von lat. "ab-oiri" = "abgehen", "verschwinden" Pate. Aber auch der eher umgangssprachliche Ausdruck "Abort" für "Toilette" verdankt seine Bezeichnung, der Tatsache, dass es sich um einen eher "abgelegenen Ort" handelt. Dass an diesem Ort auch etwas "abgeht" und "verschwindet" kann als mnemotische Unterstützung dienen.
Neben dem "Abort" gibt es in der Informationstechnik auch den "Abend". Dies ist die Abkürzung für "abnormal end". Aber auch darin steckt das "ab" in der Bedeutung "weg". Auf dieses "ab" geht auch die "Ebbe" zurück.
ACM (W3)
"ACM" steht für "Association of Computing Machinery".
Each subject page displays all of the Communications of the ACM research, practice, news and opinion articles categorized as relevant to that subject.
Artificial Intelligence | Communications / Networking | Computer Applications | Computer Systems | Computers and Society | Data / Storage and Retrieval | Education | Entertainment | Hardware | Human-Computer Interaction | Information Systems | Legal Aspects | Management | Performance and Reliability | Personal Computing | Search | Security | Software | Theory
ADA (W3)
Die Programmiersprache "ADA" wurde benannt nach "Augusta Ada Byron" (1815-52), der Tochter von Lord Byron, die Charles Babbage half, Programme für den ersten mechanischen Computer zu entwickeln.
Der weibliche Vorname "Ada" soll seinerseits als Verkürzung von "Adam" gebildet worden sein. Andere Aussagen beziehen den Namen "Ada" allerdings auf den Namen "mad", der auf einem angelsächsischen "ead" = "glücklich" beruhen soll. Weiterhin werden die Namen "Eadith", "Eada", "Auda", "Ada", "Idonea" mit der Bedeutung "tauglich", "ordentlich", "fromm", "aufrichtig", "reich" ins Spiel gebracht.
Eine weitere Variante sieht in dem weiblichen Vornamen "Ada" eine Kurzform von Namen, die mit "Adel-" beginnen, wie etwa "Adelheid" und "Adelgunde".
Auch wird die Herkunft aus dem Hebräischen in Erwägung gezogen und als Bedeutung "Die (vom Herrn) Geschmückte", "Schmuck" angegeben.
Nicht unterschlagen möchte ich auch die Zurückführung auf den Vornamen "Edith", der seinerseits auf germ. "ed" = "Reichtum", "Glück" zurück geführt wird.
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"Ada" ist ein Hightech-Zimmer, benannt nach der Tochter des berühmten Dichters, die die erste computerähnliche Maschine programierte. Ada hört, sieht, fühlt und lernt und ist ein Zimmer, das sich freut, wenn es Besuch erhält und den Besuch wieder hinausschmeisst, wenn es genug hat.
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"ADA" findet man auch als Abkürzung für:
American Dental Association
American Diabetes Association
American Dietetic Association
Americans for Democratic Action
Americans with Disabilities Act
assistant district attorney
Und "Ada" findet man auch in den Varianten: "Ada 83" | "Ada 95" | "Ada 9X" | "Ada Core Technologies" | "Ada Lovelace" | "Ada Programming Support Environment" | "Ada Semantic Interface Specification" | "Ada Software Repository" | "Ada++" | "Ada-O" | "Ada/Ed".
(E1)(L1) http://www.tous-les-prenoms.com/prenoms/filles/ada.html
(E?)(L1) http://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=Ada
(E2)(L1) http://webopedia.internet.com/TERM/A/Ada.html
The high-level programming language has been developed in the late 1970s and early 1980s for the United States Defense Department. Ada was designed to be a general-purpose language for everything from business applications to rocket guidance systems. One of its principal features is that it supports real-time applications. In addition, Ada incorporates modular techniques that make it easier to build and maintain large systems. Since 1986, Ada has been the mandatory development language for most U.S. military applications. In addition, Ada is often the language of choice for large systems that require real-time processing, such as banking and air traffic control systems.
Ada is named after "Augusta Ada Byron" (1815-52), daughter of Lord Byron, and Countess of Lovelace. She helped Charles Babbage develop programs for the analytic engine, the first mechanical computer. She is considered by many to be the world's first programmer.
Alto
Alto Operating System
AOS
Lisa (Personalcomputer) (W3)
Als die Spanier im heutigen Kalifornien auf riesige Bäume stiessen nannten sie diese Gegend "Palo Alto" = "Grosser Baum" (eigentlich eher "hoher Stab"). Daraus entwickelte sich in der San Francisco Bay die gleichnamige Stadt "Palo Alto".
Bekannt wurde die Stadt wegen der 1885 gegründeten "Stanford University" und wegen der vielen Forschungsinstitute und der Elektronikindustrie, die sich in neuerer Zeit dort ansiedelten.
Eine dieser Firmen, Xerox, baute dort ab 1973 den nach der Stadt benannten Mikrocomputer "Alto". Das besondere an diesem Computer war - zu seiner zeit - die grafische Benutzeroberfläche und die Maussteuerung.
Das Betriebssystem dieses Computer hieß konsequenterweise "Alto Operating System" ("AOS").
Eine andere bekannte Firma in Palo Alto ist die 1976 von Steve Jobs und Steven Wozniak gegründete Computerfirma "Apple". Allerdings verlegte Apple 1978 seinen Sitz von Palo Alto nach Cupertino (Kalifornien).
Steve Jobs war es auch, der 1980 die grafische Benutzeroberfläche und die Maussteuerung aus dem XeroxPARC in seinem Personalcomputer übernahm und vermarktete. Diesen nannte er allerdings nach seiner Tochter "Lisa".
Innere Streitigkeiten bei Apple und der hohe Preis verhinderten jedoch einen Erfolg des Personalcomputers "Lisa".
(Kunstwort) Zusammenziehung aus griech. "arachne" = "Spinne", "Spinnennetz" und griech. "taxis" = "Ordnung" zur Bezeichnung strukturierter URL-Listen, deren Einträge zum Auffinden entsprechender Webseiten dienen. Dieser Methode bedienen sich vor allem Suchmaschinen (>search engine) und Suchverzeichnisse im Internet (>directory); vgl. arachniography.
ascusc
JCMC - Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication
Information From our offices in London, England, UK and Los Angeles, California, USA we service the main Internet markets today. London Office Phone
BIOS (W3)
"BIOS" steht für "Basic Input Output System".
(E?)(L?) http://www.bios-kompendium.de/
Hans-Peter Schulz (Rufus) Herausgeber und Inhaber des "BIOS Kompendium" stellt ihnen hier in deutsch und kostenlos ausführliche Informationen zu den diversen BIOS und Einstell-Optionen zur Verfügung.
STD0048 / RFC1088 Standard for the transmission of IP datagrams over NetBIOS networks L.J. McLaughlin February 1989 ASCII STANDARD
STD0019 / RFC1001 Protocol standard for a NetBIOS service on a TCP/UDP transport: Concepts and methods NetBIOS Working Group in the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, Internet Activities Board, End-to-End Services Task Force March 1987 ASCII STD
STD0019 / RFC1002 Protocol standard for a NetBIOS service on a TCP/UDP transport: Detailed specifications NetBIOS Working Group in the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, Internet Activities Board, End-to-End Services Task Force March 1987 ASCII STANDARD
RFC2106 Data Link Switching Remote Access Protocol S. Chiang, J. Lee, H. Yasuda February 1997 ASCII Obsoleted by RFC2114 INFORMATIONAL
RFC2097 The PPP NetBIOS Frames Control Protocol (NBFCP) G. Pall January 1997 ASCII PROPOSED STANDARD
RFC1877 PPP Internet Protocol Control Protocol Extensions for Name Server Addresses S. Cobb December 1995 ASCII INFORMATIONAL
RFC1795 Data Link Switching: Switch-to-Switch Protocol AIW DLSw RIG: DLSw Closed Pages, DLSw Standard Version 1 L. Wells, Chair, A. Bartky, Ed. April 1995 ASCII Obsoletes RFC1434 INFORMATIONAL
RFC1434 Data Link Switching: Switch-to-Switch Protocol R. Dixon, D. Kushi March 1993 ASCII, PS, PDF Obsoleted by RFC1795 INFORMATIONAL
Das Kürzel "bit" für "binary digit", der kleinsten Informationseinheit, wurde 1946 von John Tukey, einem Statistiker des "Weissen Hauses", eingeführt.
In der Datenverarbeitung gibt es mittlerweile eine unübersehbare Zahl von Programmen: "Microcode, Betriebsysteme, Systemprogramme, Anwendungsprogramme, Compiler (die eine benutzerfreundliche Computersprache in eine maschinenfreundliche Computersprache übersetzen), Anwendungsprogramme, Datenbanksysteme, ... Aber alle diese Programme und auch alle Daten werden im Hintergrund nur mit Hilfe zweier Zeichen abgespeichert: 0 und 1 - ja und nein - an und aus, wie immer man sie bezeichnen möchte. Ob Programme oder Daten - alles wird in Bits abgelegt. Der Verarbeitende Teil des Computers frisst auf der einen Seite eine "endlose" Kette von Nullen und Einsen und spukt auf der anderen Seite eine ebenso endlos erscheinende Kette von Nullen und Einsen wieder aus. Alles, was Sie hier sehen und die Verwaltung und die Verfahren zur menschenfreundlichen Darstellung auf dem Bildschirm - alles nur Bits und Bytes.
"BIT" ist dabei die Abkürzung von "Binary digiT" = "binäres Zeichen" von lat. "binarius" = dt. "zwei enthaltend" und lat. "digitus" = dt. "Finger".
(E?)(L?) http://www-306.ibm.com/software/globalization/terminology/index.jsp
binary digit (bit) | bit | bit data | bit map | bit mask | bit string | bitmap | bits per inch (bpi) | bits per second (bps) | concatenation bit | gigabits per second (Gbps) | kilobit ( Kb Kb) | kilobits per second (kbps) | low bit rate (LBR) | megabit (Mb) | megabits per second (Mbps) | parity bit | robbed-bit signaling (RBS) | terabit (Tb) |
(E?)(L1) http://whatis.techtarget.com/definitionsAlpha/0,289930,sid9_alpB,00.html
bit | bit bucket | bit depth | bit error rate | bit map | bit padding | bit per second | bit rate | bit robbing | bit stream | bit stuffing | Bit Torrent | bit/sec | BitLocker | bitmap | BITNET | BitPass | bits per second | BitTorrent | bitwise | gigabit | Gigabit Ethernet | gigabit interface converter | kilobit | kilobits per second | megabit | most significant bit or byte | petabit | quadbit | terabit | zone-bit recording | zoned-bit recording | 10-Gigabit Ethernet | 16-bit grayscale |
| 8-bit grayscale
Der "Blue Screen", "Bluescreen" ist ein kostenloses Feature von Microsoft. Anders jedoch als die meisten anderen Feature ist dieses nicht parametriesierbar. Der Bluescreen ist weder planbar noch reproduzierbar. Der Bluescreen läßt sich auch nicht deinstallieren. Der Bluescreen hängt wie ein Damoklesschwert über der täglichen Arbeit am PC. Der Bluescreen kommt wann er will, aber dann mit gravierenden Folgen. In gewisser Weise hat der Bluescreen Ähnlichkeiten mit einem schwarzen Loch. Gleich nach dem Bluescreen ist auch wirklich nur noch der schwarze Bildschirm zu sehen, bis der PC wieder startet. Dateien, die dem Bluescreen zu nahe kommen verschwinden auf nimmerwiedersehen. Nicht nur dass die noch nicht gespeicherten Änderungen verschwinden. - Nein der gesamte Inhalt einer geöffneten Datei wird vom Bluescreen mit Blanks überschrieben.
Als "Blue Screen" wird allerdings auch eine Filmtechnik bezeichnet, bei der Spezialeffekte mit Hilfe einer blauen Wand und dem Überblenden mehrerer Bilder erzielt werden. Um den PC Blue Screen hiervon zu unterscheiden wird er auch als "Blue Screen of Death" bezeichnet.
Spiderman schwingt durch New Yorker Häuserschluchten, Harry Potter zeigt auf dem Besen sein Quidditchtalent - all das passiert natürlich nicht wirklich, sondern ist nur mit Hilfe des so genannten Blue Screen Verfahrens möglich.
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"Blue - Screen" heißt übersetzt "Blaue Leinwand". Das Blue Screen - Verfahren gibt die Möglichkeit Akteure in unmöglichen Umgebungen zu filmen, ohne sie dabei zu gefährden. Sie können - scheinbar - an Hochäusern hängen, im All schweben oder einfach nur in einem Studiio sitzen, während sich im Hintergrund ständig das Bild wechselt.
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Ein Blue Screen (auch Bluescreen; zu deutsch: Blauer Bildschirm, von Microsoft offiziell Bugcheck genannt), auch scherzhaft "Blue Screen of Death" ("Blauer Bildschirm des Todes", kurz auch "BSoD") oder Blauer Tod (in Anlehnung an den Schwarzen Tod) genannt, ist eine Beschreibung einer bestimmten Kategorie von Fehlermeldungen (stop errors), die insbesondere von Microsoft-Windows-Betriebssystemen angezeigt werden. Um Schäden an Betriebssystem und Hardware zu verhindern, wird nach einem kritischen Systemfehler das System gestoppt und die Bedienoberfläche des Betriebssystems vollständig durch einen blauen Bildschirm ersetzt, auf dem in weißer Schrift die Fehlerinformationen erscheinen.
Ausgelöst werden diese Meldungen in den häufigsten Fällen nicht durch Fehler in Anwendungsprogrammen, sondern durch Fehler in Gerätetreibern oder in der Hardware. Wird der Blue Screen nicht von einem Defekt in der Hardware ausgelöst, so handelt es sich entweder um einen Programmierfehler in einem Treiber, im Betriebssystemkern, der oft mittels eines Patches vom entsprechenden Hersteller behoben werden kann, oder um eine fehlerhafte Systemkonfiguration. In bestimmten Fällen kann auch ein Fehler in der Softwarearchitektur zu Grunde liegen, der bis zum Ende der Lebensdauer des Produktes erhalten bleibt.
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Engl. "Blue Screen" taucht in der Literatur um das Jahr 1980 auf.
Erstellt: 2011-12
Blue Screen of Death (W3)
Blue Screen of Death (W3)
Der "Blue Screen", "Bluescreen" ist ein kostenloses Feature von Microsoft. Anders jedoch als die meisten anderen Feature ist dieses nicht parametriesierbar. Der Bluescreen ist weder planbar noch reproduzierbar. Der Bluescreen läßt sich auch nicht deinstallieren. Der Bluescreen hängt wie ein Damoklesschwert über der täglichen Arbeit am PC. Der Bluescreen kommt wann er will, aber dann mit gravierenden Folgen. In gewisser Weise hat der Bluescreen Ähnlichkeiten mit einem schwarzen Loch. Gleich nach dem Bluescreen ist auch wirklich nur noch der schwarze Bildschirm zu sehen, bis der PC wieder startet. Dateien, die dem Bluescreen zu nahe kommen verschwinden auf nimmerwiedersehen. Nicht nur dass die noch nicht gespeicherten Änderungen verschwinden. - Nein der gesamte Inhalt einer geöffneten Datei wird vom Bluescreen mit Blanks überschrieben.
Als "Blue Screen" wird allerdings auch eine Filmtechnik bezeichnet, bei der Spezialeffekte mit Hilfe einer blauen Wand und dem Überblenden mehrerer Bilder erzielt werden. Um den PC Blue Screen hiervon zu unterscheiden wird er auch als "Blue Screen of Death", "BSoD", bezeichnet.
Engl. "Blue Screen of Death" taucht in der Literatur nicht signifikant auf.
Erstellt: 2011-12
Bluescreen (W3)
Der "Bluescreen" ist ein kostenloses Feature von Microsoft. Anders jedoch als die meisten anderen Feature ist dieses nicht parametriesierbar. Der Bluescreen ist weder planbar noch reproduzierbar. Der Bluescreen läßt sich auch nicht deinstallieren. Der Bluescreen hängt wie ein Damoklesschwert über der täglichen Arbeit am PC. Der Bluescreen kommt wann er will, aber dann mit gravierenden Folgen. In gewisser Weise hat der Bluescreen Ähnlichkeiten mit einem schwarzen Loch. Gleich nach dem Bluescreen ist auch wirklich nur noch der schwarze Bildschirm zu sehen, bis der PC wieder startet. Dateien, die dem Bluescreen zu nahe kommen verschwinden auf nimmerwiedersehen. Nicht nur dass die noch nicht gespeicherten Änderungen verschwinden. - Nein der gesamte Inhalt einer geöffneten Datei wird vom Bluescreen mit Blanks überschrieben.
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Wenn Ihr PC bei einem Bluescreen sofort neu startet, ohne dass Sie die Meldung entziffern können, schalten Sie den automatischen Windows-Neustart ab. Die Option dazu finden Sie via Start/Systemsteuerung/Leistung und Wartung/System/Erweitert. Wählen Sie dort unter "Starten und Wiederherstellen" die Einstellungen. Es öffnet sich ein Fenster, in dem Sie "Automatisch Neustart durchführen" deaktivieren. In Windows Vista steckt die Option unter Systemsteuerung/System und Wartung/System/Erweiterte Systemeinstellungen.
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Mit etwas Glück finden Sie die Lösung zu Ihrem Problem unter den fünf häufigsten Gründen für einen PC-Absturz. Diese sind im Folgenden beschrieben. Außerdem geben wir Ihnen allgemeine Ratschläge, um einem Absturz vorzubeugen und die Ursache zu beseitigen.
"Blush Noisette"
"R. noissettiana"
ORIGINAL BOTANICAL NAME "Rosa Noisettiana"
ORIGINAL FRENCH NAME "Rosier de Philippe Noisette"
CURRENT BOTANTICAL NAME "R. noissettiana"
COMMON NAME "Blush Noisette"
OTHER NAMES "Phillipe Noisette Rose", "Blush Cluster", "Flesh-Coloured Noisette"
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Blush Noisette, Rosier de Philippe Noisette, Blush Cluster, Flesh-coloured Noisette, Rosa x noisettiana, Noisette (FR) 1825 Noisetterose, Alte Rose lilarosa remontierend, fast dauerblühend, starker Gewürznelkenduft, fast stachellos. Die erste der sogenannten "Noisette-Rosen". Kombinationen mit Clematis sehr schön - z. B. mit der Clematis Hybride 'Ashva' (hellviolette Blüten mit rötlichen Streifen und einem gewellten Rand) oder der Clematis viticella Etoile Violette.
boot - to boot
booten
bootstrap
bootstrapping
reboot (W1)
Das Hochfahren eines Rechners wird auch dt. "booten", engl. "boot" genannt. Dass der "Stiefel" (engl. "boot") zum Verb wurde und in der Informationsverarbeitung landete, könnte auf die umgangssprachliche Bedeutung "jemandem einen Fußtritt geben" zurück gehen. Aber die Entwicklung scheint etwas interessanter zu sein.
Ausgangspunkt war anscheinend engl. "bootstrap" = "Stiefelschlaufe". Diese Lederschlaufe dient(e) dazu einen Stiefel anzuziehen.
In Analogie zu Baron von Münchhausens Abenteuer, bei dem er sich und sein Pferd an den eigenen Haaren aus dem Sumpf zog, erhielt engl. "bootstrapping" auch die übertragene Bedeutung "sich an den eigenen Stiefelschlaufen hochziehen" (engl. "pull oneself up by one's own bootstraps"). Allgemein bezeichnet "bootstrapping" = "einen Prozess starten", einen Vorgang bei dem ein einfaches System ein komplexeres System startet. Und so fand er seinen Weg in verschiedene technische Bereiche (Elektrotechnik, Informatik, Statistik, Finanzwirtschaft, Wissenschaft, Medizin).
Das engl. "bootstrapping" findet man im US-Englisch seit Mitte des 19. Jh. Möglicherweise entstand es im Umfeld der Cowboys, die sich jeden Morgen mit dem Anziehen der Stiefel auch psychisch auf einen neuen harten Tag vorbereiteten. Das "bootstrapping" bedeutete also jeden morgen auch eine mentale Initialzündung.
In der Computerei tauchte das Wort dann in den 1950er Jahren auf. Dort bezeichnete "bootstrapping" das komplizierte Starten eines Computers. Möglicherweise wurden die Science-fiction-affinen Computer-Freaks zu dieser Begriffsübernahme durch Robert Heinleins 1941 erschienene Zeitreise-Story "By His Bootstraps" angeregt.
Jedenfalls war "bootstrapping" recht passend, da die Aufeinanderfolge von Hardware-nahen Startprogrammen, die das Betriebssystem suchen und starten und schließlich die Anwendungsprogramme und das Laden von Daten ermöglichen, recht bildlich mit dem Ziehen an den "Stiefelschlaufen" verglichen werden kann. Zumal in den Anfangstagen der Computerei das Startprogramm noch über externe Eingabegeräte, z.B. per Lochkarten eingelesen werden mußte.
Dieser Prozess erinnert schon etwas an das "Herausziehen an den eigenen Haaren" bzw. an das "lifting oneself by one's own bootstraps". Und so erhielt das Initialprogramm auch die Bezeichnung "bootstrap loader".
Aber das war schon bald zu lang und wurde zu "bootstrap" und schließlich zu "to boot" abgekürzt. Und da man in den Anfangstagen - und teilweise auch heute noch - den Computer mehrmals starten muß bis er richtig funktioniert, entstand die Bezeichnung "reboot" = "repeating the process".
Bootstrapped, Profitable, & Proud
Our Bootstrapped, Profitable, & Proud series profiles companies that have over one million dollars in revenues, didn’t take VC, and are profitable.
Sparkfun is an online retail store that sells the bits and pieces to make your electronics projects possible.
Z. Vex Effects makes custom guitar effects pedals that deliver oddball sounds, textures, interfaces, and custom paint jobs.
Goldstar is a ticketing company that helps people get out more to live entertainment, like theater, comedy, sports, and music.
Coudal is a design, advertising, and interactive studio in Chicago.
Braintree provides businesses with an online merchant account and payment gateway to accept credit card payments.
FlightAware provides live flight data, airport information, weather maps, flight planning, and aviation news.
Rivendell is a small, opinionated, specialty bicycle business based in San Francisco.
InsuranceAgents.com helps people save a fortune on their insurance costs by comparison shopping.
Admoda runs an ad network for mobile phones.
Envato operates a set of sites that help people learn professional creative skills and earn income.
Kentico Software sells a CMS that makes web developers more productive while designing sites.
Alien Skin Software makes Photoshop plug-ins for photography and graphic design.
GitHub offers public and private source code hosting to companies and open source projects using either git or Subversion.
AnswerLab provides user experience research and consulting for web, mobile and software applications.
smartassess improves learning by developing technologies used in UK classrooms.
WooThemes delivers top quality WordPress themes for all types of web publishers.
iData helps colleges, universities, and institutional research professionals with their data systems.
A Small Orange is a homegrown web hosting company for businesses of all sizes.
Litmus helps marketers test their email designs across a range of different email clients.
TechSmith creates screen capture and recording software for individual and professional use.
iTeleport is an iPhone/iPad app for controlling your computer remotely from anywhere in the world.
BigCommerce makes it easy and affordable for people to sell online without needing any whiz bang HTML knowledge or fancy design skills.
Campaign Monitor makes elegant email marketing software for designers and their clients.
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Ce programme, une fois en mémoire, va déterminer sur quelle partition le système va s'amorcer, et il va démarrer le programme (appelé "bootstrap") qui va amorcer le système d'exploitation présent sur cette partition.
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DEFINITION
A statistical methodology used to quantify the uncertainty associated with estimates obtained from a model. The bootstrap is often based on Monte Carlo resampling of residuals from the initial model fit.
166. Your own Bootstraps
Making use of the resources you already have (Apr 06)
Linguistics makes use of the term bootstrapping to study the way in which language learners, especially children acquiring their native language, learn at successively more complex levels by building on more fundamental knowledge already available.
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Bootstrap-Theorie ("Schnürsenkel"-Theorie)
Radikales physikalisches Denkmodell von Geoffrey Chew, das für einen speziellen Teil von subatomaren Teilchen (Hadronen) entwickelt wurde, doch in seiner Ausweitung zu einem allgemeinen naturphilosophischen Konzept zahlreiche New-Age-Denker ( New Age ) beeinflußt hat.
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Pull yourself up by your bootstraps
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It was known by the early 20th century. James Joyce alluded to it in Ulysses, 1922:
"There were others who had forced their way to the top from the lowest rung by the aid of their bootstraps."
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(E?)(L1) http://www.reiter1.com/Glossar/Glossar.htm
Bootstrap Siehe Resampling Siehe Randomisierungstest.
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Bootstrap: Häufiges Ziehen aus der Stichprobe mit Zurücklegen, mögliche Kombinationen weren zufällig erzeugt.
Der Name "Bootstrap" bedeutet sinngemäss "Sich am eigenen Schopfe hochziehen" (Münchhausen), weil man so tut, als ob die Stichprobe die Grundgesamtheit sei.
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5240 Protocol Independent Multicast (PIM) Bootstrap Router MIB B. Joshi, R. Bijlani [ June 2008 ] (TXT = 42636 bytes) (Status: PROPOSED STANDARD)
5059 Bootstrap Router (BSR) Mechanism for Protocol Independent Multicast (PIM) N. Bhaskar, A. Gall, J. Lingard, S. Venaas [ January 2008 ] (TXT, PDF = 100749, 85519 bytes)(Obsoletes RFC2362) (Updates RFC4601) (Status: PROPOSED STANDARD)
5026 Mobile IPv6 Bootstrapping in Split Scenario G. Giaretta, Ed., J. Kempf, V. Devarapalli, Ed. [ October 2007 ] (TXT = 63138 bytes) (Status: PROPOSED STANDARD)
4640 Problem Statement for bootstrapping Mobile IPv6 (MIPv6) A. Patel, Ed., G. Giaretta, Ed. [ September 2006 ] (TXT = 49926 bytes) (Status: INFORMATIONAL)
4442 Bootstrapping Timed Efficient Stream Loss-Tolerant Authentication (TESLA) S. Fries, H. Tschofenig [ March 2006 ] (TXT = 37345 bytes) (Status: PROPOSED STANDARD)
4173 Bootstrapping Clients using the Internet Small Computer System Interface (iSCSI) Protocol P. Sarkar, D. Missimer, C. Sapuntzakis [ September 2005 ] (TXT = 27105 bytes) (Status: PROPOSED STANDARD)
1542 Clarifications and Extensions for the Bootstrap Protocol W. Wimer [ October 1993 ] ( TXT = 52948 bytes)(Obsoletes RFC1532) (Updates RFC0951) (Status: DRAFT STANDARD)
1532 Clarifications and Extensions for the Bootstrap Protocol W. Wimer [ October 1993 ] ( TXT = 51545 bytes)(Obsoleted by RFC1542) (Updates RFC0951) (Status: PROPOSED STANDARD)
0951 Bootstrap Protocol W.J. Croft, J. Gilmore [ September 1985 ] ( TXT = 28354 bytes)(Updated by RFC1395, RFC1497, RFC1532, RFC1542) (Status: DRAFT STANDARD)
0906 Bootstrap loading using TFTP R. Finlayson [ June 1984 ] ( TXT = 10102 bytes) (Status: UNKNOWN)
Bootstrap-Hypothese
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Für die physikalische Sicht wurde vor allem die damals neue Bootstrap-Hypothese herangezogen, die das Universum als dynamisches Gewebe untereinander verbundener Geschehnisse versteht.
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Ein Blue Screen (auch Bluescreen; zu deutsch: Blauer Bildschirm, von Microsoft offiziell Bugcheck genannt), auch scherzhaft "Blue Screen of Death" ("Blauer Bildschirm des Todes", kurz auch "BSoD") oder Blauer Tod (in Anlehnung an den Schwarzen Tod) genannt, ist eine Beschreibung einer bestimmten Kategorie von Fehlermeldungen (stop errors), die insbesondere von Microsoft-Windows-Betriebssystemen angezeigt werden. Um Schäden an Betriebssystem und Hardware zu verhindern, wird nach einem kritischen Systemfehler das System gestoppt und die Bedienoberfläche des Betriebssystems vollständig durch einen blauen Bildschirm ersetzt, auf dem in weißer Schrift die Fehlerinformationen erscheinen.
Ausgelöst werden diese Meldungen in den häufigsten Fällen nicht durch Fehler in Anwendungsprogrammen, sondern durch Fehler in Gerätetreibern oder in der Hardware. Wird der Blue Screen nicht von einem Defekt in der Hardware ausgelöst, so handelt es sich entweder um einen Programmierfehler in einem Treiber, im Betriebssystemkern, der oft mittels eines Patches vom entsprechenden Hersteller behoben werden kann, oder um eine fehlerhafte Systemkonfiguration. In bestimmten Fällen kann auch ein Fehler in der Softwarearchitektur zu Grunde liegen, der bis zum Ende der Lebensdauer des Produktes erhalten bleibt.
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Why was there a bug in the computer? - It was looking for a byte to eat.
Der "bug" ist ein englischer "Käfer" bzw. eine "Wanze". Zu Zeiten, als die Rechen-Kapazität eines PC noch einen ganzen Saal benötigte, waren diese eine beliebte Zufluchtsstätte für verschiedene Kleintiere. Diese krabbelten ohne Rücksicht über Kabel, Röhren und Platinen. Manche wurden dabei auch mal gebraten und verursachten dabei kleinere Kurzschlüsse. Diese machten sich in fehlerhaften Berechnungen oder Schlimmerem bemerkbar. Und so waren die "bugs" weithin gefürchtet. Und auch heute noch - wo es kaum noch einen Platz für "Käfer" im Rechner gibt - schiebt man ihm jede Fehlfunktion oder unsaubere Programmierung unter den Chitinpanzer.
Das Entfernen von Fehlern nennt man übrigens entsprechend "Debugging".
Als Bezeichnung für einen technischen Fehler soll Grace Murray Hopper den "bug" eingeführt haben. Hopper erfand 1945 den ersten Großcomputer bei der US Navy. Als sie nach einem Maschinenausfall eine Motte darin fand, notierte sie in ihrem Laborbericht "a bug in the computer".
David Wilton weist auf seiner Site "wordorigins" darauf hin, dass der Term "Bug" bereits aus Thomas Edison's Labor entwichen sein könnte. Jedenfalls gibt es Hinweise auf seine Existenz bereits im Jahre 1878, also lange vor dem Computerzeitalter.
"bug" hat verschiedene Bedeutungen:
1. A true bug.
2. An insect or similar organism, such as a centipede or an earwig. See Regional Note at lightning bug.
3a. A disease-producing microorganism: a flu bug.
b. The illness or disease so produced: “stomach flu, a cold, or just some bug going around” (David Smollar).
4a. A defect or difficulty, as in a system or design.
b. Computer Science A defect in the code or routine of a program.
5. An enthusiasm or obsession: got bitten by the writing bug.
6. An enthusiast or devotee; a buff: a model train bug.
7. An electronic listening device, such as a hidden microphone or wiretap, used in surveillance: planted a bug in the suspect's room.
1a. To annoy; pester.
b. To prey on; worry: a memory that bugged me for years.
2. To equip (a room or telephone circuit, for example) with a concealed electronic listening device.
3. To make (the eyes) bulge or grow large.
ETYMOLOGY: Origin unknown.
"Bug" ist auch der Name eines geleich zweifach vorkomenden Flusses:
"Western Bug" in der Ukraine (bis Warschau)
"Southern Bug" in der Ukraine (bis zum Schwarzen Meer)
The text of the log entry (from September 9, 1947), reads "1545 Relay #70 Panel F (moth) in relay. First actual case of bug being found". This wording establishes that the term was already in use at the time in its current specific sense - and Hopper herself reports that the term "bug" was regularly applied to problems in radar electronics during WWII.
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Indeed, the use of bug to mean an industrial defect was already established in Thomas Edison's time, and a more specific and rather modern use can be found in an electrical handbook from 1896 (Hawkin's New Catechism of Electricity, Theo. Audel & Co.) which says: “The term ‘bug’ is used to a limited extent to designate any fault or trouble in the connections or working of electric apparatus.” It further notes that the term is “said to have originated in quadruplex telegraphy and have been transferred to all electric apparatus.”
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(E?)(L?) http://www.dtic.mil/doctrine/dod_dictionary/index.html
"Bug" kann auch eine "Abhörwanze" bezeichnen.
(E?)(L?) http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?search=bug
(E?)(L?) http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=bug
Die Bezeichnung "bug" für "Insekt" ist seit 1622 bekannt. Der Werdegang ist nicht bekannt könnte aber auf mengl. "bugge" = "something frightening", "scarecrow" zurückgehen, das noch in engl. "bugbear" (1580) = "Buhmann", "Schreckgespenst" und "bugaboo" = "Schreckgespenst" zu finden ist. Möglich ist ein Zusammenhang mit schott. "bogill" = "goblin", "bugbear". Auch ein untergegangenes walisisches Wort "bwg" = "ghost", "goblin" (walis. "bwgwl" = "threat", davor "fear") und "bogey" = "Kobold", germ. "bögge", "böggelmann" = "goblin" stehen wohl damit in Zusammenhang.
Als Maschinendefekt ist "bug" seit 1889 bekannt, evtl existent seit 1878.
Als Bezeichnung für eine Abhöreinrichtung tritt es seit 1919 auf.
Als Verb mit der Bedeutung "ärgern", "reizen" tritt es seit 1949 auf.
Als Bezeichnung für "eine Person mit einer fixen Idee" ist es seit 1841 zu finden.
BUG. A nick name given by the Irish to Englishmen; bugs having, as it is said, been introduced into Ireland by the English.
TO BUG. A cant word among journeymen hatters, signifying the exchanging some of the dearest materials of which a hat is made for others of less value. Hats are composed of the furs and wool of divers animals among which is a small portion of beavers' fur. Bugging, is stealing the beaver, and substituting in lieu thereof an equal weight of some cheaper ingredient. - Bailiffs who take money to postpone or refrain the serving of a writ, are said to bug the writ.
Ein engl. "bug" ist ein Mitglied der Ordnung "Hemiptera", dt. "Halbflügler" (Insekten, z. B. Wanzen). Insekten gehören zur Klasse der "Insecta" und sind durch einen dreiteiligen Körper gekennzeichnet, deshalb auch "Insekt" von lat. "insecare" = "einschneiden").
"Bug", wird beim Fleisch-Einkauf, insgemein derjenige Theil genennet, der sich an einem Vieh (zahmen sowol, als Wildprett) um den Vorderlauf oder das Schulterblatt befindet, von dem Kamme an gerechnet, bis an die Brust, worzu bei dem Schweinevieh die vier ersten Ribben gerechnet werden.
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(E?)(L?) http://webopedia.com/TERM/b/bug.html
According to folklore, the first computer bug was an actual bug. Discovered in 1945 at Harvard, a moth trapped between two electrical relays of the Mark II Aiken Relay Calculator caused the whole machine to shut down.
Byte ist der grosse Bruder von "Bit". Es besteht aus 8 Bits. Es ist die erste sinntragende Einheit. Z.B. werden Buchstaben und Zahlen mit je einem Byte "verschlüsselt".
Die Abkürzung "byte" steht für "binary term". In der Datenverarbeitung bezeichnet "byte" eine Speichereinheit (üblicherweise 8Bit), zur Aufnahme eines Zeichens.
Abbreviation for "binary term", a unit of storage capable of holding a single character. On almost all modern computers, a byte is equal to 8 bits. Large amounts of memory are indicated in terms of kilobytes (1,024 bytes), megabytes (1,048,576 bytes), and gigabytes (1,073,741,824 bytes).
Ein anderer Hinweis besagt, dass es sich um die Abkürzung für "by eight" handeln soll.
C
C++
A high-level programming language developed by Bjarne Stroustrup at Bell Labs. C++ adds object-oriented features to its predecessor, C. C++ is one of the most popular programming language for graphical applications, such as those that run in Windows and Macintosh environments.
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Champney's Pink Cluster - Rose
Mit roten hakenförmigen Stacheln und gelben, weißen oder rosa Blüten entstand die "Noisette-Rose" 1802 in South Carolina aus "R. moschata" und einer Rose namens "Pink China" (Parson) durch den Rosenzüchter Champneys unter dem Namen "Champneys' Pink Cluster". Samen der Rose "Champneys' Pink Cluster" wurden von "Phillipe Noisette" in Charleston zum Wachsen gebracht, der daraus die "Old Blush" bzw. "R. noisettiana" weiterentwickelte, die von Redouté im Jahr 1821 gemalt wurde. Diese wurde mit "Park's Yellow China" gekreuzt und führte so zu den gelben Noisette-Kletterrosen, darunter "Desprez a fleur Jaune" und "Marechal Niel".
Champney's Pink Cluster - (R.chinensis x R.moschata) Double pink flowers in large clusters. Moderately vigorous and hardy. Forerunner of the Noisettes.
Champney`s Pink Cluster, Champney`s Rose, Champneyana, Champney (USA) 1811 Noisette, Alte Rose Kletterose (auch in Bäume) rosa einmalblühend sehr stark duftend.
Diese Rose begründete die "Noisetterosen".
"Cloud Computing" ("CC") ist die Bezeichnung für neue Angebote, bei denen IT-Ressourcen (Anwendungen, Rechnerleistung, Speicherplatz, Daten) dynamisch über das Internet bereitsgestellt werden und nach Verbrauch abgerechnet werden. In der Begriffswolke, die sich darum bildete findet man auch
"Computing as a Sevice" ("CaaS"), "Infrastructure as a Sevice" ("IaaS"), "IT as a Service" ("ITaas"), "Platform as a Sevice" ("PaaS"), "Software as a Sevice" ("SaaS") und überhaupt "Everything as a Sevice" ("XaaS").
Wer genau den Begriff "Cloud Computing" geprägt hat, läßt sich anscheinend nicht mehr nachvollziehen. Als Vorläufer dürfte die Darstellung des Internets in Form einer "Wolke" angesehen werden. Die "Wolke" soll in beiden Fällen andeuten, dass die exakte Zuordnung (des Kommunikationsweges bzw. der Service-Erbringung) nicht möcglich oder nicht relevant ist.
Leitfaden Cloud Computing
Chancen für das Business im Fokus
Cloud Computing und die diesem Phänomen zugrunde liegenden Konzepte sind bisher in deutschen Unternehmen kaum bekannt. In der Überzeugung, dass sich mit Cloud Computing eine Revolution in der IT-Bereitstellung und –nutzung abzeichnet, will der BITKOM mit dem vorliegenden Leitfaden dazu beitragen, dass sich Unternehmen mit Cloud Computing auseinandersetzen und dessen Potenziale für ihr Business erkennen.
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Der vorliegende Leitfaden umfasst 7 Kapitel. Entscheider finden im Kapitel 1 die wesentlichen Aussagen über die Relevanz von Cloud Computing für ihr Business. Das Kapitel 2 zeigt auf, welchen Einfluss Cloud Computing auf Wertschöpfungsketten ausübt. Im Kapitel 3 werden wesentliche Faktoren erörtert, die die Diffusionsgeschwindigkeit von Cloud Computing determinieren. Das Kapitel 4 ist juristischen Fragestellungen vorbehalten. Einsatzszenarien und –beispiele für Cloud Computing werden im Kapitel 5 erläutert, während das Kapitel 6 den Zusammenhang zwischen Cloud Computing und anderen Technologieentwicklungen beleuchtet. Den Leitfaden rundet eine Checkliste im Kapitel 7 ab.
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Cloud Computing ist eine Form der bedarfsgerechten und flexiblen Nutzung von ITLeistungen. Diese werden in Echtzeit als Service über das Internet bereitgestellt und nach Nutzung abgerechnet. Damit ermöglicht Cloud Computing den Nutzern eine Umverteilung von Investitions- zu Betriebsaufwand.
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While it’s unclear who coined the term "cloud computing", it would seem Google CEO, Eric Schmidt first started throwing it around in the summer of 2006, the same month Amazon's EC2 platform was released. By the time Nicholas Carr published his best seller, “The Big Switch? in January of 2008 the term "cloud computing" has been used to describe anything computational and not running on-site.
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The phrase "cloud computing" originates in a common symbol - a cartoonish cloud outline - used in network diagrams to represent processes that are either too complex to describe, or systems managed by others. It represents a "black box" in which things happen beyond our understanding or control.
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In doing my research for the guide, I think I have found the first public usage of the term "Cloud" as a metaphor for the "internet" in a paper published by MIT in 1996.
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"As for the origin of the term “cloud computing”, there are a few possibilities…
In May 1997, NetCentric tried to trademark the "cloud computing" but later abandoned it in April 1999. Patent serial number 75291765.
In April 2001, the New York Times ran an article by John Markoff about Dave Winer’s negative reaction to Microsoft’s then new .Net services platform called "Hailstorm" (if you want a laugh sometime, ask a Microsoft Azure person about Hailstorm). It used the phrase "cloud of computers".
But my personal pick is in August 2006, where Eric Schmidt of Google described their approach to "SaaS" as "cloud computing" at a search engine conference. I think this was the first high profile usage of the term, where not just "cloud" but "cloud computing" was used to refer to "SaaS" and since it was in the context Google, the term picked up the "PaaS"/"IaaS" connotations associated with the Google way of managing data centers and infrastructure."
Alastair Goldfisher
Fri Apr 23, 2010 11:17am EDT
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In the more than three years since the term "cloud computing" was coined at the first Cloud Expo, venture capitalists have backed a range of companies that have developed virtualized computing resources to deliver software and information on-demand.
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The standards for connecting the computer systems and the software needed to make cloud computing work are not fully defined at present time, leaving many companies to define their own cloud computing technologies. Systems offered by companies, like IBM's "Blue Cloud" technologies for example, are based on open standards and open source software which link together computers that are used to to deliver Web 2.0 capabilities like mash-ups or mobile commerce.
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A Cloud Computing Dictionary Resource
A look at cloud computing, cloud terminology, cloud technologies, private versus public clouds, cloud computing vendors and fun cloud computing quotes.
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The actual term "cloud" borrows from telephony in that telecommunications companies, who until the 1990s primarily offered dedicated point-to-point data circuits, began offering "Virtual Private Network" ("VPN") services with comparable quality of service but at a much lower cost. By switching traffic to balance utilization as they saw fit they were able to utilise their overall network bandwidth more effectively. The "cloud symbol" was used to denote the demarcation point between that which was the responsibility of the provider from that of the user. "Cloud computing" extends this boundary to cover servers as well as the network infrastructure.
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Die 10 größten Vorteile des Cloud Computing
Von Jodok Batlogg am 09.12.2008
Cloud Computing ist die Zukunft des Internet. Warum? Weil es flexibel, sicher und cool ist
So wie am Ende des 19. Jahrhunderts Unternehmen ihre eigenen lokalen Stromgeneratoren zugunsten einer weitaus effizienteren ausgelagerten Stromproduktion aufgaben, werden Rechenleistungen in Zukunft nicht mehr vor Ort sondern in einer weltweit vernetzten Computer-Wolke erbracht werden.
Dafür gibt es gute Gründe.
Die zehn besten davon sind hier zusammengefasst.
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Bonjour, ich suche die Etymologie des Wortes "cluster" und bin auf Ihre Webseite gekommen, wo das Wort mit einem "?" gekennzeichnet ist. Das Wort ist in der Musik bekannt ("Tontraube", "grappe de sons"). In meinen lateinischen und griechischen Lexika: kein Resultat, (denn "klyster" hat wahrscheinlich nichts mit "cluster" zu tun)
Der Sprach-Brockhaus (1966) kennt: "die Kluster", Mundart, niederdeutsch : "Gruppe", "Traube".
http://infos.aus-germanien.de/Cluster - in Unkenntnis der deutschen Sprache kommt das wort aus dem Englischen!
Googeln mit "kluster mundart" bringt schon einiges, aber alles daneben, denn Kluster ist nicht Kloster auf kölsch.
Mit dem, auch im Deutschen anzutreffenden, engl. "Cluster" werden in der Informationstechnik zum Beispiel "Gruppen von Terminals oder Rechnern" bezeichnet. Ganz allgemein können Gerätegruppen oder auch Gruppen von Datensätzen als "Cluster" bezeichnet werden.
In der Botanik oder Astronomie bezeichnet man mit "cluster" "Büschel", "(Sternen-)Haufen", "Menge", "Gruppe", "(Trauben- oder Bananen-)Bündel", (Atom-)Cluster usw.
Eine wirklich verbindliche Aussage zur Herkunft des engl. "cluster" habe ich nicht finden können. Es gibt jedoch vage Hinweise, dass es sich vielleicht um ein (lautmalerisches (?)) Wort handelt, das zur Familie der "Klösse" gehört.
Falls dies zutrifft, geht es zurück auf ein germ. "*kludda", und weiter auf ide. "*g(e)leu", "*gel-" = "rund machen" = "to make round" (also: "zu einem "Klumpen" formen").
Als engl. "Cluster Rose" bezeichnet man allgemein Rosen mit mehreren Blüten an einem Stil. Insbesondere bezeichnet es "Floribunda"-Rosen (Kreuzungen der Polyantharosen mit Teehybriden mit großen, edelrosenähnlichen Blüten).
Als engl. "Cluster-flowered" bezeichnet man allgemein Rosen mit mehreren Blüten an einem Stil. Insbesondere bezeichnet es "Floribunda"-Rosen (Kreuzungen der Polyantharosen mit Teehybriden mit großen, edelrosenähnlichen Blüten).
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"Cluster-Flowered" - In the classic Hybrid Tea form, a cane terminates in a single, large, perfectly formed flower. In contrast to this, Floribundas branch near the end of each cane and flowers are produced at the end of each branch in a cluster.
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"Cluster-Flowered" - A longer, fancier, and less suggestive name for Floribunda. (see also Floribunda)
(E?)(L?) http://webopedia.com/TERM/C/COBOL.html
Nach "FORTRAN" ist "COBOL" die zweitälteste "höhere Programmiersprache". Sie wurde in den 1950er/1960er jahren entwickelt und wird schon seit vielen Jahren als untergehend eingestuft. Dennoch ist sie immer noch die am häufigsten benutze Programmiersprache der Welt.
Sie wir hauptsächlich auf Grossrechnersystemen für Geschäfts-Anwendungen eingesetzt. Dies war auch die Absicht der Entwickler, die sie "COmmon Business Oriented Language" nannten, abgekürzt "COBOL".
Was wären wir ohne Douglas C. Engelbart?
Die Computermaus feiert 40. Geburtstag
08.12.2008 um 11:20 Uhr
Kaum ein Computer-Benutzer könnte heute noch ohne sie auskommen. Eher würden manche wohl auf die Tastatur verzichten, um einen PC zu bedienen.
Vor genau 40 Jahren erblickte die erste Computermaus das Licht der Öffentlichkeit - lange bevor die ersten Personal Computer auf den Markt kamen. Am 9. Dezember 1968 demonstrierte der Computerpionier Douglas C. Engelbart erstmals seine Erfindung auf einer Konferenz in San Francisco. Außerhalb des anwesenden Fachpublikums stieß sie jedoch vorerst auf nur wenig Begeisterung. Und es sollte noch viele Jahre dauern, bis die Maus ihren weltweiten Siegeszug antreten konnte.
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(E?)(L?) http://www.owad.de/
= "something short", "brief" = "flüchtig", "rasch", "oberflächlich"
From lat. "cursorius" = "pertaining to running" from lat. "cursor" = "runner" from "currerre" = "to run". This root is found in many words borrowed from Latin, including "current", "corridor", "courier", "course", "corral" and Afrikaans "kraal" = "corral", "rural village". English "car" comes from Latin "carrus" = "wagon" of the same root, which also underlies "career", "charge", and "chariot", not to mention "carpenter" from lat. "carpentum" "a two-wheeled carriage".
D
Deadlock (W3)
Siehe auch unter "Maus friert ein".
Engl. "Deadlock" (wörtlich dt. "totes Schloß") kann übersetzt werden als dt. "ausweglose Situation in Verhandlungen", "Patt", "Pattsituation", "Sackgasse", "toter Punkt", "Verklemmung", "völliger Stillstand", und als Verb dt. "an einem toten Punkt anlangen", "blockieren", "in eine Sackgasse geraten", "sich festfahren", "steckenbleiben", "zum völligen Stillstand bringen".
Der erste Nachweis für "Deadlock" ("dead lock") findet sich im Jahr 1779 in dem Schauspiel "The Critic" von Richard Brinsley Sheridan (1751 - 1816) (der selbe Sheridan, der der englischen Sprache auch "Malapropism" hinzugefügt hat).
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ACT III.
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You see the ladies can't stab Whiskerandos — he durst not strike them, for fear of their uncles — the uncles durst not kill him, because of their nieces. — I have them all at a "dead lock"! — for every one of them is afraid to let go first. Sneer. Why, then they must stand there for ever! Puff. So they would, if I hadn't a very fine contrivance for't.
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Ein "Deadlock" in der Datenverarbeitung kann entstehen, wenn ein Prozess die Ressource A benutzt und zusätzlich auf die Ressource B wartet, während ein anderer Prozess die Ressource B benutzt und zusätzlich auf die Ressource A wartet. Jeder der zwei Prozesse blockiert genau die Ressource auf die der andere Prozess zugreifen möchte. Und jeder Prozess gibt "seine" Ressource erst frei, wenn er seine Aufgabe abgearbeitet hat. Und so warten beide Prozesse bis zum Ausschalten der DV-Anlage.
In den Anfängen der Datenverarbeitung traten solche Situationen öfters auf. Heutige ausgereifte Betriebssyteme sollten jedoch Vorsorge treffen, dass es nicht zu einer solchen Situation kommen kann.
Diese Situation scheint sich auch in "Books Ngram Viewer" widerzuspiegeln. Um das Jahr 1985 erreichte das Auftreten des Begriffs "Deadlock" einen Höhepunkt.
Und obwohl man es also nicht meinen sollte, treten Deadlock-Situationen auch heute noch in weltweit eingesetzten Betriebssystemen auf.
Nachdem ich mir einen neuen PC mit WINDOWS 7 64bit-Version gekauft hatte, hatte ich das Problem, dass alle paar Tage Maus und Tastatur einfroren und nur noch das Aus- und Einschalten des PCs ein Weiterarbeiten ermöglichte. Leider mit der unschönen Begleiterscheinung, dass nicht gespeicherte Daten verschwunden waren.
Ich verbrachte Tage, Wochen und Monate um bei Medion und Microsoft nach der Fehlerursache zu suchen - leider jedoch ohne wirklich brauchbare Hilfe.
Ich habe die Protokollierung meiner Suche inzwischen gelöscht um die Leser nicht zu ermüden. Aber es waren Monate, in denen ich mich immer wieder geärgert habe. Und es war nicht einmal nachzuvollziehen, wem ich diesen Ärger zu verdanken habe. Der Hardware-Lieferant verwies auf die Software und umgekehrt.
Die Hersteller scheinen es nicht als notwendig anzusehen, ihre Kunden über Probleme zu informieren. - Allein die Information und die Mitteilung, dass an einer Lösung gearbeitet wird, würde einen Großteil des aufgestauten Ärgers reduzieren.
Den ersten brauchbaren (und auch erklärenden) Hinweis fand ich dann in dem Newsletter "Windows 7 Secrets" vom 15.08.2011 von "www.computerwissen.de", Manfred Kratzl:
Microsoft-Update gegen Abstürze bei hoher Speicherauslastung
Unter Windows 7 kann es bei Anwendungen mit hoher Speicherauslastung zu plötzlichen Abstürzen kommen. Das System friert dann an, Maus und Tastatur zeigen keine Reaktion, und Sie können den PC nur durch Aus- und Einschalten wieder reaktivieren.
Nach Angaben von Microsoft tritt das Problem normalerweise dann auf, wenn der Speicher-Manager sehr viele Aktionen beim Schreiben und Löschen im Arbeitsspeicher durchführen muss. Ursache des Problems ist eine sogenannte "Deadlock Situation" in der Datei "fltmgr.sys", dem Filesystem Filter Manager von Windows 7.
Mit dem Hotfix KB2575077 können Sie das Problem lösen. Es wird später Teil des Windows 7 Service Pack 2 sein. Das Update wird in zwei Versionen ausgeliefert: "Windows6.1-KB2575077-x64.msu" für Windows 7 64 Bit und "Windows6.1-KB2575077-x86.msu" für Windows 7 in der 32 Bit-Version.
In dem maschinell übersetzten Artikel von Microsoft findet man weitere Hinweise. Demnach scheint es jedoch ratsam zu sein, auf den nächsten offiziellen Softwareupdate zu warten, da der Hotfix noch im Teststadium ist.
Artikel-ID: 2575077 - Geändert am: Mittwoch, 10. August 2011 - Version: 1.0
Computer reagiert nach dem Zufallsprinzip aufgrund von Deadlock-Situation in Windows Server 2008 R2 oder Windows 7
Hotfix-Download ist verfügbar
Hotfix-Downloads anzeigen und anfordern
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Microsoft bestätigt Speicher-Hänger unter Windows 7 und Windows Server 2008 R2. Ursache des Problems ist eine sogenannte Deadlock-Situation. Diese wird verursacht, wenn der Arbeitsspeicher stark ausgelastet wird. Die Redmonder haben für den Fehler einen Hotfix zum Download bereit gestellt.
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In Anspielung auf das Microsoft-Betriebssystem "WINDOWS" bezeichnet in "Hackerkreisen" "defenestration" das ersetzen von WINDOWS durch ein anderes Betriebssytem.
Allgemein kann es aber auch bedeuten, dass man den aktuellen Bildschirminhalt des PC's durch einen anderen Inhalt ersetzt.
DHCP (W3)
"DHCP" steht für "Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol".
(E?)(L?) http://webopedia.com/TERM/D/DLL.html
Ein Begriff aus der "Windows-Welt": a library of executable functions or data that can be used by a Windows application.
Die entsprechenden Files haben die Dateinamenerweiterungen .dll, .exe., drv, oder .fon.
DNS - Domain Name Server
(E?)(L?) http://computer.howstuffworks.com/dns.htm
DNS heisst im Internet nicht Desoxyribonukleinsäure sondern "Domain Name Server".
Die Domain Name Server haben im Internet die Aufgabe, eine für den Menschen einprägsame Internetadresse in eine Maschineninterpretierbare Adresse der Form xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx umzusetzen.
DOS, QDOS (W3)
Das Betriebssystem "DOS" = "Disk Operating System" basiert auf "QDOS" = "quick and dirty operating system".
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Als IBM 1980 mit dem IBM-PC ziemlich verspätet in das Homecomputer-Geschäft einstieg, brauchten die Verantwortlichen möglichst rasch ein Betriebssystem - und wandten sich an Bill Gates' Firma. Mit einem eigenen System konnte Gates damals zwar nicht dienen, er wollte sich das Geschäft aber auch nicht entgehen lassen.
Kurz entschlossen schloss Microsoft einen Vertrag über 186.000 Dollar mit IBM ab und kaufte zwei Tage später für 50.000 Dollar von der Firma Seattle Computer die CP/M-Variante "QDOS" - ein Akronym für "quick and dirty operating system". In leicht modifizierter Form wurde das System dann unter der Bezeichnung MS-DOS an IBM ausgeliefert.
E
Easter Egg (W3)
Als engl. "Easter Egg" werden verborgene Funktionen in Programmen genannt, mit denen sich die Entwickler ein „Denkmal“ gesetzt haben. Alte Bekannte sind der "Flugsimulator" in Microsoft Excel oder "Space Invadors" in Word. Aber auch in zahlreichen aktuellen Programmversionen lassen sich "Easter Eggs" finden. Oft sind sie im Umfeld der Versions- und Copyright-Angaben verborgen, und meist muss man Insider-Kenntnisse haben, um sie zu finden - wie die „about:robots“-Seite in Firefox.
A secret message or screen buried in an application. Typically, easter eggs are used to display the credits for the development team or to display a humorous message. To see an easter egg, you need to know a special procedure or sequence of keystrokes.
Die Bezeichnung ist natürlich auf das Suchen der Ostereier zurück zu führen.
"EJB" steht für "Enterprise JavaBeans". Dabei handelt es sich um standardisierte Komponenten innerhalb eines Java-EE-Servers ("Java Enterprise Edition"). Sie vereinfachen die Entwicklung komplexer mehrschichtiger verteilter Softwaresysteme mittels Java. Mit Enterprise JavaBeans können wichtige Konzepte für Unternehmensanwendungen, z. B. Transaktions-, Namens- oder Sicherheitsdienste, umgesetzt werden, die für die Geschäftslogik einer Anwendung nötig sind.
Erstellt: 2010-08
Eliza
(E?)(L?) http://www.uwec.edu/jerzdg/orr/articles/IF/canon/Eliza.htm
(E?)(L?) http://i5.nyu.edu/~mm64/x52.9265/january1966.html
ist ein Computerprogramm zur Untersuchung der "natürlichen Kommunikation zwischen Mensch und Maschine".
Entwickelt wurde "Eliza" von Joseph Wiezenbaum
Eliza (Weizenbaum 1966) is the first chatterbot -- a computer program that mimics human conversation. In only about 200 lines of computer code, Eliza models the behavior of a psychiatrist (or, more specifically, the "active listening" strategies of a touchy-feely 1960s Rogerian therapist).
Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (started in 1985) is a searchable dictionary of acronyms, jargon, programming languages, tools, architecture, operating systems, networking, theory, conventions, standards, mathematics, telecoms, electronics, institutions, companies, projects, products, history, in fact anything to do with computing.
This dictionary is Copyright Denis Howe 1993 - 1999.
mit über 100.000 Einträgen rund um die Computerei.
Suche nach einzelnen Wörtern und nach Phrasen;
(E?)(L1) http://www.hyperdictionary.com/computer
The Computer Dictionary is based on the FOLDOC dictionary by Denis Howe. It consists of almost 14 thousand computer-related terms. To use the dictionary, you may search using the search box or you may browse the word listings by letter of the alphabet.
FOO, BAR, FOOBAR
Was sind FOO und BAR? (W3)
Ist das seit 1930 nachweisbare "FOOBAR" nun einfach nur ein Platzhalter beim Programmieren? Oder heisst es eigentlich "FUBAR" = "Fucked Up Beyond All Repair" = "irreparabel"? Oder ist es ein auf dt. "furchtbar" zurückgehender Germanismus.
Das umgangssprachliche engl. "Geek" (1500) = "Computerspezialist", "Narr", "Dummkopf" ist mit dt. "Geck" und ndl. "gek" = "verrückt" verwandt. Entstanden sein soll es als lautmalerische Wort für "unverständlich Gesprochenes".
Abgeleitet vom Subst. "Geek" findet man das Adj. "geeky", also dt. "geckisch".
Auch "geekiness", dt. "Geckigkeit", findet man als abgeleitete Variante.
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A person who is interested in technology, especially computing and new media. Geeks are adept with computers, and use the term hacker in a positive way, though not all are hackers themselves.
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geocities
BABEL
A Glossary of Computer Related Abbreviations and Acronyms
(E?)(L?) http://www.geocities.com/ikind_babel/babel/babel.html
This glossary was compiled because the author became frustrated while reading magazine articles, help wanted ads and equipment for sale brochures - all pertaining to computers - where the listed Abbreviations and Acronyms were used and their meanings were either not known or were not immediately available.
"Garabge in, garbage out", often abbreviated as "GIGO", this is a famous computer axiom meaning that if invalid data is entered into a system, the resulting output will also be invalid. Although originally applied to computer software, the axiom holds true for all systems, including, for example, decision-making systems.
gopher (W3)
(E?)(L?) http://www.webopedia.com/totd.asp
A system that pre-dates the World Wide Web for organizing and displaying files on Internet servers. A Gopher server presents its contents as a hierarchically structured list of files. With the ascendance of the Web, many gopher databases were converted to Web sites which can be more easily accessed via Web search engines.
"Gopher" was developed at the University of Minnesota and named after the school's mascot. Two systems, Veronica and Jughead, let you search global indices of resources stored in Gopher systems.
H
Hacker
hack
hacken
Cracker (W3)
Die Bezeichnung engl. "Hacker" entstand um 1961 im Massachusetts Institute of Technology ("MIT"). Dort und an anderen Universitäten standen die ersten Computer. In deren Umfeld entstand ein neuer "Computer-Slang", der bis heute eine große Anzahl von Neologismen hervorbrachte und weiter hervorbringen wird.
Das Hackertum nahm seinen Ausgang am MIT. Dort gab es in den 1960er und 1950er Jahren den "Tech Model Railroad Club (TMRC)". Dieser Club betrieb eine gigantische Eisenbahnanlage. Innerhalb des Clubs gab es eine "S&P (Signaling and Power)" Abteilung, denen der ganze Eisenbahnkram wohl eher unwichtig war und die sich stattdessen mit dem Bau unglaublich komplexer Steuersystame für die riesige Eisenbahnanlage befaßten. Hier entstand der Begriff "Hack" für einen technischen Kniff und eine ganze Reihe anderer Begriffe, die die Basis des Hackerslangs wurden.
Ein anderer Hiweis geht noch etwas weiter zurück und führt "Hacker" zurück auf "jemand der Möbel mit der Axt herstellt".
Die Bezeichnung "hack" könnte dabei durchaus wörtlich zu nehmen sein. Die ersten Hacker mußten noch hardware-nah operieren und brachen dabei sicherlich auch das ein oder andere gerät gewaltsam auf. Die Bezeichnung soll auch schon etwas früher bei Radio-Bastlern aufgetaucht sein.
Mittlerweile ist der "Hacker" schon in die Jahre gekommen. Seine sich diversifizierenden Nachfolger heißen "Cracker", "Script-Kiddie", "Neophyte", "Elite Hacker", "Hacktivist".
Das engl. "hack" (mengl. "hakken", altengl. "haccian") und das dt. "hacken" sind Verbformen zum "Haken" und bedeuten eigentlich "mit einem Haken, hakenförmigen Gerät arbeiten". Und da die Finger beim Klimpern auf der Computer-Tastatur eine Hakenförmige Gestalt annehmen, lag die englische Slangbildung "to hack" nahe.
Der dt. "Hacker" ist z.B. ein "Arbeiter, der den Boden im Weinberg aufhackt".
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"Hackers are as old as curiosity, although the term itself is modern. Galileo was a hacker. Mme. Curie was one, too. Aristotle wasn't. (Aristotle had some theoretical proof that women had fewer teeth than men. A hacker would have simply counted his wife's teeth. A good hacker would have counted his wife's teeth without her knowing about it, while she was asleep. A good bad hacker might remove some of them, just to prove a point.)
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In der Presse und der Öffentlichkeit werden Kriminelle, die per Rechner und Netzen andere schädigen, oftmals als "Hacker" bezeichnet. Das ist aber eine völlig falsche Bezeichnung. Die korrekte Bezeichnung für solche Verbrecher ist "Cracker".
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Das englische Wort für "Schinken" verspricht, gegenüber dem zerkleinerten und gekochten Dosenfleisch Spam, der "wahre Jakob" zu sein und dient daher gelegentlich im Hacker- oder Computer-Jargon als Begriff für "erwünschte E-Mails".
Wann es zum "Standard" wurde, den Anfängererfolg beim Erlernen einer Programmiersprache mit der Bildschirmausgabe dt. "Hallo Welt", engl. "Hello World" zu demonstrieren ist nicht mehr exakt nachweisbar.
Das erste Programm, das zu Demozwecken (z.B. in einer neuen Programmiersprache) geschrieben wird, gibt traditionell die Meldung "Hello World!" aus. Als Name für Variablen oder sonstige Namen in Demoprogrammen nehmen die Informatiker immer "foo" und "bar" (Ausnahme: Python-Programmierer sagen "spam" und "eggs", weil auch der Name der Programmiersprache von "Monty Python" abstammt), und bei Kryptologen heißen die beiden Gesprächspartner immer Alice und Bob.
"Hotkeys" are sometimes referred to as "shortcut keys" because of their ability to easily trigger an action (such as launching a program or keyboard macro).
Die "Hotkey" wird selten auch "Schnelltaste" genannt und bietet eine "schnelle", "heisse" Möglichkeit eine Funktion aufzurufen. Das Kopieren und Einfügen von Text kann z.B. statt dem etwas umständlichen Aufruf über das Menu durch die Tastenkombinationen "Strg" + "C" bzw. "Strg" + "V" durchgeführt werden.
In the span of a century, IBM has evolved from a small business that made scales, time clocks and tabulating machines to a globally integrated enterprise with 400,000 employees and a strong vision for the future. The stories that have emerged throughout our history are complex tales of big risks, lessons learned and discoveries that have transformed the way we work and live. These 100 iconic moments - these Icons of Progress - demonstrate our faith in science, our pursuit of knowledge and our belief that together we can make the world work better.
Featured: September 20, 2011 A Business and Its Beliefs A Business and Its Beliefs
Corporate cultures usually flow from the CEO downward, but from the start C-T-R, and later IBM, took a different path. It intentionally built a culture that flows up from its people, centered on a set of shared beliefs about the company’s place in the world and how to act in achieving that. This has been the key to IBM’s vitality for over a century. In 2003, IBM CEO Sam Palmisano again turned to IBMers to help form the company’s values via a “ValuesJam,” an online, three-day event. The results were strikingly familiar—in keeping with those set by Thomas Watson Sr. in 1914.
Featured: September 16, 2011 Sustainable Cocoa Sustainable Cocoa
Recently, IBM completed the initial genomic sequence of cocoa—in conjunction with chocolate maker Mars, Incorporated, and the United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS)—in hopes of developing new strains of heartier, higher-yielding and blight-resistant cocoa, not to mention better-tasting chocolate. The project marks a significant scientific milestone that is already starting to benefit farmers, particularly in West Africa where about 70 percent of the world’s cocoa crop is produced. It’s one example of how IBM is leveraging emerging technologies to allow more directed breeding of sustainable food resources.
Featured: September 14, 2011 Preserving the Legacy of Film Preserving the Legacy of Film
Due to disintegrating film stock, the world’s film history is evaporating. IBM is working to save cinematic history through a collaboration with University of California Los Angeles and The Film Foundation, digitizing historical film content and building an electronic archive. IBM is also partly responsible for the digital video in use on the Internet today, having worked in the early 1990s to develop encoding and decoding standards that made digital video possible.
Featured: September 13, 2011 Deep Blue Deep Blue
In the mid 1980s, two PhD students at Carnegie Mellon University, Murray Campbell and Feng-hsiung Hsu, set out to build a chess machine that could beat the best human player. IBM Research hired the two scientists and gave them the resources to build Deep Blue, a dedicated chess-playing supercomputer. In 1997, in a historic match, Deep Blue became the first computer to defeat a reigning world chess champion. “In brisk and brutal fashion,” The New York Times reported, “the I.B.M. computer Deep Blue unseated humanity, at least temporarily, as the finest chess playing entity on the planet.” After a noted absence, Deep Blue led the way for IBM’s return to the supercomputing business.
Featured: September 09, 2011 The Cell Broadband Engine The Cell Broadband Engine
Gaming is serious business. In 2000, Sony Group and Toshiba Corporation issued a challenge to provide power-efficient and cost-effective high-performance processing for a wide range of applications, including the most demanding consumer appliance: game systems. The result came five years later with the release of the Cell Broadband Engine multi-core technology, developed jointly by IBM, Sony Group and Toshiba Corporation. Today, besides the Sony PlayStation 3 computer entertainment system, the Cell Broadband Engine can be found in several Toshiba REGZA televisions, video production equipment from Sony, the IBM BladeCenter QS20, QS21 and QS22 servers, as well as IBM Roadrunner, one of the world’s most power-efficient supercomputers.
Featured: September 08, 2011 Exploring Undersea Frontiers Exploring Undersea Frontiers
In 1965, an IBM communications system was one of the only links connecting oceanauts in the world’s first ocean floor colony to a support team on the surface. The project, led by famous French sea explorer Jacques Cousteau, was a highlight of IBM’s involvement in undersea research, which included projects in underwater crime scene investigation and the microscopic analysis of compounds from 35,000 feet under the ocean surface.
Featured: September 07, 2011 The Preservation of Culture Through Technology
Through its computer technologies—starting with punched card data processing in the late 1940s through the creation of virtual worlds of today—IBM has helped bridge time and distance by preserving, recording and even re-creating ancient languages and cultures. IBM has undertaken cultural preservation projects with institutions in Russia, Spain, Indonesia, the United States, Italy, China and Egypt.
Featured: September 02, 2011 Racetrack Memory Racetrack Memory
The Future of Data Storage
IBM researcher Stuart Parkin pioneered the development of racetrack memory, starting in about 2004. Parkin conceived of a device consisting of a city of skyscrapers—each one only hundreds of atoms wide—of magnetic material, with each floor of each skyscraper containing a single bit of data. The technique utilizes the spin of electrons to manipulate these bits, in effect shooting them around a racetrack, up and down the column. Though it may take a few years before it can be commercialized, once completed, it could allow for the kind of mass storage that now requires a disk drive to fit on a thumbnail-size chip that barely uses any energy. A handheld device could hold a few thousand movies, run for weeks at a time on a single battery and be practically unbreakable.
Featured: August 30, 2011 Popularizing Math and Science Popularizing Math and Science
In the mid-twentieth century, IBM worked with Charles and Ray Eames to make films and design exhibitions that brought widespread popular appeal to math and science concepts. These included Mathematica, the interactive museum exhibit, and the film “Powers of Ten”, both of which remain culturally and historically significant today. IBM continues to promote math and science through programs such as TryScience, a website offering fun-oriented science content, and Transition to Teaching, which supports employees in encore careers as math and science teachers.
Featured: August 26, 2011 Pioneering Speech Recognition Pioneering Speech Recognition
At the Seattle World’s Fair in 1962, IBM showcased the world’s most advanced speech recognition system, the “Shoebox.” It could understand 16 words, including the numbers zero through nine as well as minus, plus, subtotal, total, false and off. Visitors to the IBM pavilion could speak to the Shoebox via microphone, often looking on in amazement as it printed answers to simple arithmetic. After the Shoebox breakthrough, the development of speech recognition accelerated, aided by the exponential growth in computing power. The technology significantly increased computing access for people with vision, mobility and other impairments. Today, speech recognition is pervasive, and features a broad vocabulary and astonishing accuracy.
Featured: August 23, 2011 The Application of Spintronics The Application of Spintronics
IBM has been leading the research and application into an emerging technology called spintronics—short for “spin electronics”—which was coined in 1996 to describe devices that take advantage of “spin,” a quantum-mechanical property of an electron. The physics of spintronics allow for significantly increased data capacity and may enable the leap to quantum computing.
Featured: August 19, 2011 Nanotechnology Nanotechnology
Our everyday computing devices depend on breakthroughs in chip technology. As chips get smaller, they must also get smarter. IBM’s research in nanotechnology has led to innovations in not only chip technology, but healthcare as well, including sequencing the DNA strand at the nano level and developing a nanostructure that can fight the Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection.
Featured: August 16, 2011 The Professional Sales Force The Professional Sales Force
Thomas Watson Sr. believed a sales force could be a competitive advantage. Soon after taking charge of C-T-R in 1914, he established a dress code, no-drinking policy and the Hundred Percent Club to encourage employees to achieve 100 percent of their sales target. By the 1920s, he’d established a unique sales school in Endicott. Hiring only the best college graduates, IBM would put them through six weeks of intensive training. The IBM sales force became known worldwide for a new standard of professional service, and for cultivating client relationships founded on trust.
Featured: August 12, 2011 The Invention of Stream Computing The Invention of Stream Computing
In 2009, IBM announced the availability of its stream computing software, a breakthrough in real-time data analytics. Stream computing gathers multiple streams of data “on the fly,” using advanced algorithms to deliver nearly instantaneous analysis to decision makers. Flipping the traditional data analytics strategy in which data is collected in a database to be searched or queried for answers, stream computing can be used for complex, dynamic situations that require immediate decisions, such as predicting the spread of an epidemic or monitoring changes in the condition of premature babies.
Featured: August 09, 2011 Pioneering Genetic Privacy Pioneering Genetic Privacy
In October 2005, IBM became the first major corporation in the world to establish a genetics privacy policy that prohibits current or future employees’ genetic information from being used in employment decisions. “What I.B.M. is doing is significant because you have a big, leadership company that is saying to its workers, ‘We aren’t going to use genetic testing against you,’” said Arthur Caplan, director of the Center for Bioethics at the University of Pennsylvania medical school in an interview with The New York Times.
Featured: August 02, 2011 The Mobilization of Relief Efforts The Mobilization of Relief Efforts
The tragic series of devastating tsunamis in December of 2004 killed more than 230,000 people and left 1.5 million people homeless. Within hours, country by country, IBM was assembling resources for relief, including a customized database to help track victims and goods; a wireless system running a disaster management network—in addition to material goods, counseling and training. It is just one example of how IBM assists in crisis management, reconstruction and aid distribution, applying its expertise and resources to ease suffering and rebuild lives.
Featured: July 29, 2011 Relational Database Relational Database
Until the mid-1970s, computers sorted information using rigid, one-off database programs. IBM researcher E. F. “Ted” Codd wanted to improve the way data was sorted and handled. He sought to create a generalized description of how to store, update and extract data with accuracy, and query responses so any changes to data produced consistent results. In 1970, Codd completed his definition of the relational database which became the foundation for IBM DB2 products.
Featured: July 22, 2011 Copper Interconnects Copper Interconnects
The Evolution of Microprocessors
In 1997, IBM researchers surged ahead of a crowded field when they announced that manufacturing chips with copper interconnects would make microprocessors faster, smaller and less expensive than using aluminum. Copper wires conducted electricity with about 40 percent less resistance than aluminum, which resulted in an additional 15 percent burst in microprocessor speed. It was another breakthrough that created a new inflection point in the industry and positioned IBM as the global leader.
Featured: July 19, 2011 Innovating the Self-Service Kiosk Innovating the Self-Service Kiosk
IBM built upon magnetic stripe technology to continually expand its applications for self-service transactions, reaching a breakthrough in the IBM 2984, one of the earliest automated teller machines (ATMs). The self-service kiosk was activated by a magnetic-strip credit card and could be installed in the wall of a bank to dispense money day or night. Today, IBM is an industry leader in self-service kiosk innovation, enabling transactions in postal-service kiosks, airport check-in terminals, hotels, fitness centers, stores and other locations, as well as in banks.
Featured: July 15, 2011 The Invention of the Rewritable Magneto-Optical Disk The Invention of the Rewritable Magneto-Optical Disk
In the early 1970s, IBM scientists were investigating metallic films that displayed unique magnetic characteristics. Watson Research Center scientists Praveen Chaudhari, Jerome J. Cuomo and Richard J. Gambino were examining the magnetic structure and electronic properties of these films when they discovered the special magnetic materials that made rewritable-optical-disk data storage possible. For their work, they received the 1995 US National Medal of Technology—the nation’s highest award for technical innovation.
Featured: July 13, 2011 Information-Based Medicine Information-Based Medicine
In 2006, IBM helped create EuResist, a project that would help doctors prescribe more effective, tailored drug “cocktails” to HIV patients, using a database of more than 33,000 previous treatment cases. Through healthcare innovations such as EuResist, the World Community Grid and the Watson computer, IBM is leading the world in using data analysis and information technology to build smarter systems to more effectively fight illnesses such as AIDS, HIV and cancer.
Featured: July 12, 2011 The Punched Card Tabulator The Punched Card Tabulator
In the late 1880s, Herman Hollerith, a young technical whiz at the US Census Bureau, had an idea for a machine that could count and sort census results far faster than human clerks. The bureau funded Hollerith’s work, and the first tabulating machines helped count the 1890 census, saving the bureau several years’ work and more than US$5 million. Hollerith left the bureau to form the Tabulating Machine Company, selling his system to other countries’ census offices and then to businesses such as railroads and retailers. Hollerith had little competition, and his machines and punched cards became the standard for the industry. In 1911, financier Charles Flint bought the Tabulating Machine Company and merged it with the International Time Recording Company and the Computing Scale Company of America to form the Computing-Tabulating-Recording Company, or C-T-R, later renamed IBM.
Featured: July 08, 2011 Medicine On Demand Medicine On Demand
Malaria kills about 800,000 people each year, the vast majority of whom live in Sub-Saharan Africa. But stock-outs of malaria treatments in many Sub-Saharan African countries continue to be a problem. Launched in 2009, “SMS for Life” aims to reduce out-of-stock incidents for five key malaria medicines in the region. As Tanzanian health workers send weekly stock count text messages to a centralized database, district managers and the National Malaria Control Programme can use any Internet browser to access supply levels and provide regions with adequate medicine. Inexpensive IBM solutions like this increase inventory visibility throughout the supply chain and help detect signs of an epidemic—increasing public safety and reducing needless deaths.
Featured: July 07, 2011 Radiotype Wireless Data Transmission Radiotype Wireless Data Transmission
In 1935, Antarctic explorer Admiral Richard Byrd used an IBM Radiotype machine to transmit, by microwaves, the word “WATSON” from the South Pole to a lab in New Jersey—approximately 11,000 miles—signaling a new method in text transmission. When the US entered World War II, IBM lent Radiotype machinery to the Signal Corps, which sent a wartime peak of 50 million words each day among six stations at 100 words per minute. Though IBM did not pursue a market for Radiotype after the war, it showed a new generation what was possible in data communications, and helped drive the adoption of more advanced networking technologies.
Featured: July 06, 2011 TAKMI TAKMI
Bringing Order to Unstructured Data
Before 1997, the process of analytics dealt only with structured information. Most of the world’s information, however, is chaotic, unstructured data and text. In response, IBM developed TAKMI, which provides businesses with detailed information, trend identification and otherwise-undetectable insights—helping inform problem-solving and context-based decision-making. Although TAKMI was created to analyze call center logs, IBM quickly realized its potential for broader applications. A medical version of the TAKMI system is analyzing medical publications, taking inventory, and mapping unstructured medical data to identify patterns and enable intelligent clinical decisions.
Featured: July 01, 2011 A Commitment to Employee Education A Commitment to Employee Education
Thomas Watson Sr. said “there is no saturation point in education” and in 1916, he created the IBM Education Program. Over the next two decades, the program expanded to include management education, study clubs and the construction of a schoolhouse and laboratory. Between 1938 and 1952, 40 percent of Endicott employees were enrolled in classes, covering 33 subjects. In 1961 alone, 17,000 employees participated in courses. Today, IBM continues to evolve its commitment to education by offering thousands of learning experiences across roles and geographies in a multitude of in-person and virtual formats.
Featured: June 29, 2011 The First Nationwide Smart Energy and Water Grid The First Nationwide Smart Energy and Water Grid
The island nation of Malta turned to IBM to help mitigate its two most pressing issues—water shortage and skyrocketing energy costs. The result is a combination smart water/grid system launched in 2009 that uses instrumented digital meters to monitor waste, incentivize efficient resource use, deter theft and reduce dependence on oil and processed seawater. Together, Malta and IBM are building the world’s first national smart utility system.
Featured: June 28, 2011 New Business Models for Telecom New Business Models for Telecom
To capture the breakneck growth in India’s telecommunications market, Bharti Airtel needed a new business model. The communications service provider (CSP) worked with IBM business consultants to outsource and integrate functions such as network management, help-desk support and IT. This freed the company to focus on high-value objectives such as new services and customer loyalty. Since 2004, Bharti Airtel has grown from six million subscribers to more than 150 million. This year, Bharti expands its model to Africa, where IBM will manage the computing technology and services for a mobile network spanning 16 countries.
Featured: June 24, 2011 CICS CICS
Securing Online Transactions
In the late 1960s, IBM engineer Ben Riggins was working on implementing IBM computers for the Virginia Electric Power Company. VEPCO was interested in setting up customer service centers that were tied in electronically to the company’s mainframe—except no software existed to execute transactions from the field. Riggins developed a piece of software called IBM CICS (Customer Information Control System). CICS blossomed into standard IT middleware, and now processes millions of transactions each day. It is considered one of the most important software products of all time, and one of the most profitable products in the history of IBM.
Featured: June 23, 2011 Cryptography for a Connected World Cryptography for a Connected World
In a world increasingly dependent on electronic data, protected data storage emerged as a critical security concern across all industries and in government. Preparing for this challenge, IBM developed its Data Encryption Standard (DES), a cryptographic algorithm to secure data. In 1977, the US National Bureau of Standards, working with the National Security Agency, adopted DES as the official Federal Information Processing Standard. It quickly became the international standard of protecting sensitive information, keeping the world’s data secure for more than two decades. The wide acceptance of DES solidified IBM’s thought leadership position and holistic approach to data management.
Featured: June 21, 2011 Innovating the Fan Experience Innovating the Fan Experience
Since 1990, IBM has worked with the All England Tennis Club to make the Wimbledon Championships the smartest professional tennis tournament, delivering a front-row experience to millions of fans around the world. Wimbledon is one of the IBM Media and Entertainment division’s efforts to help its clients, from professional sports leagues to music and movie production companies, develop new business models that embrace innovative ways of delivering content to customers.
Featured: June 16, 2011 IBM Is Founded IBM Is Founded
In 1911, international businessman Charles Flint engineered the merger of Hollerith’s Tabulating Machine Company with two other firms—the Computing Scale Company of America, an Ohio manufacturer of meat slicers and scales, and the International Time Recording Company, a maker of industrial clocks. This new conglomerate was named Computing-Tabulating-Recording Company, and it bore the seeds of what would become IBM. Recognizing the need for strong leadership to integrate such disparate organizations, Flint hired Thomas Watson Sr. as a general manager in 1914. Ten years later, with revenues of $11 million or roughly 13 times its original annual sales, 3384 employees and a strong vision for the future, C-T-R changed its name to International Business Machines.
Featured: June 15, 2011 A Global Volunteer Network A Global Volunteer Network
The IBM On Demand Community was established in 2003 as an online system for IBM employees and retirees to formalize their participation in volunteerism. It takes a uniquely IBM approach with a systems-management foundation, the capability of scaling on a global level and a focus on expertise-based service. The global system connects the strengths and skills of each employee and retiree with programs, resources, software and tracking solutions for a host of volunteer opportunities in education and with not-for-profit organizations. In the past five years, IBM surpassed 10 million hours of volunteer work tracked through the On Demand Community system.
Featured: June 14, 2011 Smarter Planet Smarter Planet
In 2008, IBM launched the Smarter Planet agenda as a way to help forward-thinking leaders in business, government and civil society around the world capture the potential of smarter systems to achieve economic growth, near-term efficiency, sustainable development and societal progress. Predicated on the world becoming more instrumented, interconnected and intelligent, Smarter Planet is IBM’s latest “big bet” on the future, with wide-ranging possibilities for improving the transportation, education, energy, food and water systems that run our everyday work and personal lives.
Featured: June 09, 2011 The Globally Integrated Enterprise The Globally Integrated Enterprise
In an essay featured in the May/June 2006 edition of Foreign Affairs magazine, and in a speech given in Bangalore, India, the same year, Samuel Palmisano, chairman and CEO of IBM, outlined his vision of the new globally integrated enterprise. It is the successor to the multinational corporation, which featured smaller versions of the parent company in multiple countries. A globally integrated enterprise is truly global—locating operations and functions anywhere in the world, based on the right cost, availability of skills and supportive business environment. This model is more nimble and less duplicative, and operates well across the flatter world.
Featured: June 08, 2011 The Networked Business Place The Networked Business Place
IBM PROFS (Professional Office System) was an electronic communication system for the automated office environment. Released in 1981, it supported emails, document creation and management, scheduling functions and spreadsheets, and could be linked to other applications, such as databases. Operated by menu-driven user interfaces, built on the mainframe and properties of virtualization, PROFS was the antecedent to office-wide intranets, providing a platform for early virtual collaboration. IBM’s belief in the power of collaboration continued well beyond PROFS and eventually led to the development of w3—the largest intranet in the world.
Featured: June 07, 2011 The Automation of Personal Banking The Automation of Personal Banking
The check-clearing process in banking was dramatically enhanced with the introduction of the IBM 801 Bank Proof machine, unveiled in 1934. As a new type of proof machine, the 801 listed, separated and endorsed checks, in addition to recording totals. Since this innovation, IBM has helped reinvent banking around the world, tailoring automated solutions to local business needs and behaviors and bringing greater convenience and efficiency to everyday financial transactions.
Featured: June 03, 2011 The Social Security System The Social Security System
In the midst of the Great Depression, Franklin D. Roosevelt signed the Social Security Act—creating a gigantic, nationwide information problem with the stroke of a pen. Suddenly, the federal government needed acres of accounting machines to track the paychecks of every working American. There was really only one company that could provide that data processing backbone: IBM. The company provided more than 400 punch card tabulating machines to establish records for 26 million workers.
Featured: June 01, 2011 The DNA Transistor The DNA Transistor
IBM’s DNA Transistor offers a high-tech, low-cost method for reading the human genome sequence. This 2009 breakthrough technology may soon be used to create better patient profiles, tailor-made diagnoses and treatments informed by genetics—driving down the cost of healthcare, while drastically improving quality of care and quality of life.
Featured: May 26, 2011 Corporate Leadership in Environmental Responsibility Corporate Leadership in Environmental Responsibility
IBM’s environmental programs date back to 1971 when Thomas Watson Jr., formalized the company’s global commitment to environmental protection in a pioneering Corporate Policy on IBM’s Environmental Responsibilities. It called for IBM to address not only the waste that results from manufacturing its products but also to consider the consequences of processes that are established during product development—what became, decades later, a regulatory focus known as “pollution prevention.” Today, thousands of IBMers in diverse roles are actively engaged in driving and implementing the company’s environmental programs and requirements. By the late 1990s, IBM became the first enterprise to achieve a single global registration covering IBM’s global operations to the ISO 14001 Environmental Management System Standard.
Featured: May 25, 2011 The Origins of Computer Science The Origins of Computer Science
At the end of World War II, the Watson Scientific Computing Laboratory at Columbia University became a pioneering powerhouse, marrying academics with corporate research and development. One year after its 1945 opening, the Laboratory also provided the basis for the world’s first computer science curriculum. The course introduced students to the foundational principles of automated data processing. Many of the students who attended these classes became the first proponents of the electronic data processing field.
Featured: May 20, 2011 The Apollo Missions The Apollo Missions
The seeds of IBM’s involvement in space exploration were planted when Thomas J. Watson established an Astronomical Computing Bureau at Columbia University in the 1930s—decades before NASA was founded. Considered one of history’s greatest scientific achievements, the moon landing is evidence of IBM’s willingness to explore ambitious ideas long before they revealed a path to profitability. IBM has taken part in every US manned space effort in history, working on systems for Mercury, Gemini-Titan and Apollo-Saturn missions, and for the historic 1969 Apollo 11 mission to the Moon. IBM has also helped develop Mission Control for the Gemini, Skylab and US-Soviet Apollo-Soyuz projects, as well as for the Space Shuttle program.
Featured: May 18, 2011 Fractal Geometry Fractal Geometry
In 1967, IBM researcher Benoît Mandelbrot published the initial findings of what he would later describe as “fractal geometry”—a concept by which mankind could use mathematical properties to describe the rough, non-Euclidean geometrical irregularities that exist in nature. Highly contested in its early years, fractal geometry has since informed significant contributions to science, industry, mathematics, and the arts. This new way of viewing our surroundings, this new perception of reality, has since led to a number of remarkable discoveries about the worlds of nature and man.
Featured: May 16, 2011 Silicon Germanium Chips Silicon Germanium Chips
In 1994, IBM Research patented a method for making low-cost semiconductor chips from Silicon Germanium (SiGe). SiGe was more readily available than the more rare, more expensive materials used at the time, and it improved speed and versatility in integrated circuits. Introducing germanium into the base layer of an otherwise all-silicon chip allowed for significant improvements in operating frequency, current, noise, and power capabilities. These cheaper, smaller, more energy efficient chips expanded the wireless industry, as SiGe chips were used in everything from radar to space exploration. Today, SiGe technology powers a new generation of mobile devices and smart technology.
Featured: May 12, 2011 Magnetic Tape Storage Magnetic Tape Storage
In the late 1940s, inspired in part by Bing Crosby’s pioneering use of magnetic tape to record his radio shows, IBM engineers started experimenting with tape as a data storage successor to the punched card. 3M developed tape to IBM specifications, while IBM worked on reels with rapid start and stop times, moving tape at 100 to 200 inches per second. The engineers hit upon the idea of using a vacuum column to suck in loops of tape and buffer it from the jarring stops and starts. In 1952, IBM announced the first magnetic tape storage unit, the IBM 726.
Featured: May 10, 2011 The Invention of Service Science The Invention of Service Science
Just as IBM in the 1940s helped create the academic discipline of computer science, so the company is again extending scientific rigor to key emerging dimensions of a changing world. With the world’s economy shifting from manufacturing to services, Service Science, Management and Engineering (SSME) introduces an important new field of study to enable deeper understanding of how this shift manifests itself in particular organizations and across business and society. Since 2003, IBM has worked with 450 university faculties in 54 countries, as well as governments and industry leaders, to build SSME curricula.
Featured: May 05, 2011 Pioneering Machine-Aided Translation Pioneering Machine-Aided Translation
IBM developed its first translation system for the League of Nations in 1931. The system was based upon the 1927 Filene-Finlay patent and enabled speech to be translated and read at the same time using low-power radio and headphones. Listeners could dial in to access the system in their native language. IBM continued its commitment to automatic translation with a system that translated Russian (chosen for complexity) to English in 1934, English to Braille in 1959 and Chinese to English in 1963. Bidirectional English-to-Arabic translation software was deployed in 2006 to improve communication between English-speaking military personnel and Iraqi forces and citizens.
Featured: May 03, 2011 The Creation of the World Trade Corporation The Creation of the World Trade Corporation
Throughout his tenure as CEO and President of IBM, Thomas J. Watson Sr. maintained a deep interest in international relations. It was under his reign that the company became truly multinational, aggressively expanding operations to Asia, Latin America and Africa. In 1949, Watson created the IBM World Trade Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary, to manage these proliferating operations. In doing so, he hired local people who understood the particularities of the business environments and local cultures in each country. They in turn, trained IBM’s global leadership in the requirements of managing vastly more complex organizations and relationships. Symbolic of his commitment to practice fair and ethical business practices around the world, Watson adopted for the company the new slogan, “World Peace Through World Trade.”
Featured: May 02, 2011 IGF IGF
Financing Technical Innovation
IBM Global Financing (IGF) enables the world’s leading corporations to implement critical e-business solutions, by offering total solutions financing. Since its inception, it has become the largest IT financier in the world, offering businesses of all sizes leasing and financing solutions for hardware, software and services acquired not only from IBM, but from the vendors that best suit the needs of the technology and customer. Today, IGF has thriving customers in more than 50 countries.
Featured: April 27, 2011
Smarter Healthcare Management Smarter Healthcare Management
Guang Dong Hospital in southern China treats more than 10,000 patients daily and is known for integrating traditional Chinese medicine with contemporary Western medical practices. IBM is helping the hospital deploy an electronic, patient-centered records system that offers access to a patient’s medical data from any location. Electronic medical records have the potential to save the healthcare industry billions of dollars and prevent billions more misdiagnoses. IBM is working with a variety of industry stakeholders to drive the digitization of records, a critical step in improving patient care. In addition to working with hospitals, IBM is partnering with Google and Continua Health Alliance to allow individuals to create personal health profiles that capture key medical information.
Featured: April 26, 2011
Breaking the Petaflop Barrier Breaking the Petaflop Barrier
The IBM computer built for the “Roadrunner project” at Los Alamos National Lab in 2008 was the first in the world to operate at speeds faster than one quadrillion calculations per second—one petaflop. The world’s first “hybrid” supercomputer (using two different processor architectures), Roadrunner is twice as energy-efficient as the next computer—using about half the electricity to maintain the same level of computing power.
Featured: April 20, 2011
e-business e-business
As booming dot-com start-ups brought electronic commerce to consumers, big companies looked on wondering what to do. In the late 1990s, IBM offered a helping hand by recognizing the trend and using its strengths in mainframes, transactions and networking to create a strategy called “e-business.” This was a turning point for corporate America in the Internet Age, showing that big companies—not just Silicon Valley upstarts—had an important future in Web-based collaboration and business.
Featured: April 19, 2011
The Optimization of Oil Supplies The Optimization of Oil Supplies
IBM has a long history of using emerging technology to help energy companies find, extract, process and use oil. From using 3-D seismic modeling to locate fields to designing sensing technologies to track oil flow and equipment for optimal safety, IBM is at the forefront of helping the oil industry remain safer, more sustainable, and more productive. As one example, IBM has partnered with companies in Venezuela since 1938, when Mene Grande Oil Company in Maracaibo received its first IBM machines through a new venture called C. A. Watson de Maquinas Commerciales—IBM’s operating name in Venezuela. Since oil was first discovered in Venezuela, IBM has been there, providing technology and infrastructures that adapt according to the needs of the industry.
Featured: April 18, 2011
High-Temperature Superconductors High-Temperature Superconductors
Superconductors are perfect conductors of electricity and have unusual magnetic properties. The problem, though, was that they only worked at minus 459 degrees Fahrenheit—temperatures only reachable in lab experiments. In 1986, Georg Bednorz and Alex Müller were working with perovskites at IBM’s research lab and found they would superconduct at temperatures far warmer than all previous records. This breakthrough opened a path to numerous useful applications. Superconductors made MRI machines cheaper and faster, helping them spread to hospitals around the world. High-speed rail travel even relies on superconductors. In 1987, Bednorz and Müller were awarded the Nobel prize for their discovery.
Featured: April 13, 2011
The Management of Transportation Flow The Management of Transportation Flow
The city of Stockholm, Sweden, had a traffic congestion problem. To spur less car use there, IBM developed a road charging system that would directly charge drivers who used city center roads during peak business hours. The system, launched in 2007, covered a 24-square kilometer inner city area with 18 barrier-free control points equipped with cameras and a mix of payment channels. The result was a drop in traffic, increased green vehicle and public transportation use, and an improved overall quality of life for the city’s residents. Today, key lessons learned in the Stockholm project are helping IBM to bring its “smarter” systems approach to aid cities such as Brisbane, Singapore and London in resolving longstanding urban issues.
Featured: April 12, 2011
Deep Thunder Deep Thunder
IBM researcher Lloyd Treinish developed a hyper-local weather forecasting capability that combined algorithms, computer modeling and visualization to predict short-range, very local weather. His system was first used at the Atlanta Olympics in 1996. By understanding and anticipating weather patterns, businesses and government agencies could better utilize resources, reduce costs and curtail the negative impact of storms—preserving structures and property and saving lives.
Featured: April 11, 2011
WebSphere WebSphere
With the height of the dot com boom ahead of him, the head of IBM Software group Steve Mills called his three top men into his office to discuss how they should “Webify” the company’s top enterprise software tools. The conversation led to the advent of IBM’s WebSphere application server, released in early 1998. Initially, the WebSphere team focused on rapid development and deployment of Web applications supporting HTTP, Servlet and Java Server Pages apps. However, IBM quickly extended WebSphere to transactional applications and beyond, driven by customer needs, and anticipating market shifts. Today, the WebSphere suite of products and services helps businesses set up, operate and integrate electronic applications across multiple computing platforms.
Featured: April 07, 2011
Tracking Infectious Diseases Tracking Infectious Diseases
In 1976, the World Health Organization utilized the IBM System/370 at the United Nations’ International Computing Center in Geneva to precisely map trends and outbreaks of smallpox so that it could best allocate its limited personnel and resources to the most urgent locations. The system became a global model for demographic tracking. Since then, IBM has worked to understand the spread of many epidemics and pandemics. It partnered with the Centers for Disease Control to model the spread of H1N1—the “swine flu”—and developed the Spatiotemporal Epidemiological Modeler for use in tracking bird flu, dengue fever, and other infectious diseases that threaten human wellbeing.
Featured: April 04, 2011
IBM 603 IBM 603
The First Commercial Electronic Calculator
The first electronic calculator ever placed into production, the IBM 603, was the first commercial product to incorporate electronic arithmetic circuits. This marked a major shift for IBM, from mechanical to electronic computation. Born from the company’s continuing focus on electronic development, the 603 was part of a program to make an electronic “super calculator” that would perform calculations faster than 1944’s ASCC, a 51-foot-long machine. The result was a considerably smaller device that used vacuum tubes to perform multiplication far more rapidly than earlier electromechanical devices. For the first time, calculations could be done instantaneously.
Featured: March 30, 2011
World Community Grid World Community Grid
Although the world’s information processing capacity is growing exponentially, so are the planet’s systemic challenges. IBM’s World Community Grid, released in 2004, makes use of pervasive networking and crowdsourcing to apply supercomputer levels of processing power to urgent healthcare and societal needs. Tapping thousands of individuals’ idle computers, World Community Grid significantly accelerates the progress of cash-strapped scientific and public-service projects. The Grid demonstrates IBM’s commitment to human progress by marrying its human capital and technology resources for research.
Featured: March 29, 2011
Building an Equal Opportunity Workforce Building an Equal Opportunity Workforce
One year before the 1954 Supreme Court decision Brown v. the Board of Education and 11 years before the Civil Rights Act of 1964, Thomas J. Watson, Jr. issued a policy letter to his employees stating: “It is the policy of this organization to hire people who have the personality, talent and background necessary to fill a given job, regardless of race, color or creed.” IBM has historically taken an intellectual approach to its hiring process, being truly blind to human traits beyond expertise and character. Its diversity initiatives reflect this thinking and have helped redefine the workplace.
Featured: March 24, 2011
The IBM 700 Series The IBM 700 Series
Computing Comes to Business
The 1950s brought challenges for IBM, the undisputed leader in data processing. To stay ahead of the Soviet Union, the US government began helping 14 organizations to develop electronic computers. IBM’s future—and its pride—was at stake. In response, IBM created the 701 in 1951, its first commercial computer. The machine amazed the world. Time wrote that it would “open up new horizons by rapidly working out complex equations to help discover new products, improve old ones, find out which answers to problems are the best.” IBM President Thomas J. Watson, Jr. said the 701 was “the machine that carried us into the electronics business.”
Featured: March 22, 2011
Smarter Water Management Smarter Water Management
In 2009, IBM and the Marine Institute in Ireland completed the SmartBay pilot information system. The system monitors and analyzes wave conditions, marine life and pollution levels in and around Galway Bay, using an infrastructure of sensors and computational technology interconnected across the bay to collect and distribute information on coastal conditions. The system shifts data gathering from manual to instrumented—allowing researchers to respond quickly to critical challenges, including pollution. The project serves as an example for coastal towns everywhere looking to mitigate pollution and flooding while managing fishing stock. By studying Galway Bay—home to some of the world’s roughest surf—IBM researchers also hope to learn important lessons about harnessing energy from wave power.
Featured: March 17, 2011
Predictive Crime Fighting Predictive Crime Fighting
For several generations IBM has partnered with local governments and police operations to provide technology that aids law enforcement and security. In 1963 the company helped the New York Police Department reduce the time required to identify fingerprints from hours to mere minutes. Today, law enforcement officials in New York, Chicago, Memphis and other cities around the world continue to use data and predictive analytics to take smarter approaches to fighting crime.
Featured: March 16, 2011
The Selectric Typewriter The Selectric Typewriter
The typewriter industry changed forever with the invention of the IBM Selectric typewriter in 1961. Prior to this innovation, the conventional typewriter’s basket of type bars inevitably tended to tangle, slowing a typist’s speed. The Selectric was fitted with a golf ball-shaped typing head that replaced the type bar carriage, reducing the amount of space the typewriter took up on the desktop. The silver-colored “golf ball” element circumvented the jamming issue: with no bars to tangle, typists’ speed and productivity soared. The IBM Selectric became the most successful electric typewriter model ever made, dominating the high-end office typewriter market for 25 years.
Featured: March 15, 2011
A Global Innovation Jam A Global Innovation Jam
IBM’s 2006 Innovation Jam was the largest IBM online brainstorming session ever held. IBM brought together more than 150,000 employees, clients, and constituents from 104 countries and 67 companies. As a result, ten new IBM businesses were launched around innovations ranging from electronic health record systems to branchless banking. In all, IBM committed a seed investment totaling $100 million in innovative services and products as a result of the Jam.
Featured: March 14, 2011
Linux Linux
The Era of Open Innovation
IBM’s decision to support Linux brought the power of open source innovation to IBM servers, systems and solutions. In 2000, IBM announced it would invest $1 billion in Linux, with a concerted focus on improving the operating system from within the Linux community, transitioning all IBM systems to run Linux and optimizing existing IBM hardware and software to become Linux-ready. The commitment caught the attention of CEOs and CIOs all over the world, drove down customer costs while increasing flexibility and represented a significant validation of open source innovation. Today, Linux is the fastest-growing operating system in the world.
Featured: March 11, 2011
A Culture of Think A Culture of Think
In a sales meeting at NCR, an angry Thomas Watson Sr. barked at his staff “what you men have to do is THINK!” With that, he wrote THINK on a flip board and told an assistant to put the word on plaques and give them out. When Watson joined the nascent C-T-R in 1914, he brought the THINK slogan with him. By the1920s, C-T-R became IBM, THINK signs appeared in many locations and the slogan became synonymous with the company as it attracted the media spotlight. With THINK as the mantra, Watson created a culture of independent thinkers and impassioned sellers, empowering a large, dispersed workforce.
Featured: March 10, 2011
The Making of International Business Machines The Making of International Business Machines
In the 1920s, Computer-Tabulating-Recording Company was not very big and not very international, but it was a fast-growing, small tech company with outsized ambitions. One of those was to be a global company, at a time when few companies thought that way. Watson began sending lieutenants overseas to start branch companies that would be run by local managers, an unusual approach when most companies appointed Americans to run overseas operations. Inspired by broad company names like General Electric and General Motors, Watson changed C-T-R’s name to International Business Machines, emphasizing its global aspirations. Today IBM operates in over 170 countries.
Featured: March 09, 2011
The Accessible Workforce The Accessible Workforce
In 1941, IBM hired a legally blind employee, psychologist Dr. Michael Supa, to assist in the hiring of 181 people with disabilities over the following two years. Dr. Supa later helped IBM make its products more adaptable to the needs of the visually impaired. His motto was “No person is handicapped if he has the right job.” Dr. Supa is just one example of IBM’s progressive employment practices, which started with the hiring of its first disabled employee in 1914—76 years before the Americans with Disabilities Act. IBM has pioneered a number of technology solutions that enhance accessibility, such as the Home Page Reader, an early Braille printer and speech recognition technology.
Featured: March 08, 2011
Good Design Is Good Business Good Design Is Good Business
Thomas Watson Jr. hired architect and industrial designer Eliot Noyes in 1956 to create the Corporate Design Program at IBM as its first Consultant Design Director. The program brought an increased design sensibility to architecture, graphics, industrial design, interiors, exhibits and fine art procurement at IBM. Noyes designed a system for the presentation of IBM products as well as the larger IBM brand, from the showroom at 590 Madison Avenue to products like the IBM Dictation Machine. From aesthetic to function, design reflected IBM‘s true corporate mission to use advanced technology to improve the way people live and do business.
Featured: March 07, 2011
The PC The PC
Personal Computing Comes of Age
On August 12, 1981, at a press conference at the Waldorf Astoria ballroom in New York City, Phillip “Don” Estridge announced the IBM Personal Computer (IBM 5150) with a price tag of $1,565. Two decades earlier, an IBM computer often cost as much as nine million dollars and required an air-conditioned quarter-acre of space with a staff of 60. The new IBM PC was not only faster, it put a computer within every household’s reach. The IBM PC helped revolutionize the way the world does business. One year later, it earned Time magazine’s “Person of the Year” award.
Featured: March 04, 2011
Blue Gene Blue Gene
The driving strategy behind IBM’s $100 million dollar, 5-year development project in the 1990s was to leverage Scalable Parallel Processing with practical purpose: weather prediction, oil exploration, and complex manufacturing processes. To “do more with less,” IBM engineers embarked on a quest to dramatically increase the computer’s speed and efficiency while decreasing its size. Designed in partnership with the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, the first Blue Gene helped biologists observe the previously invisible processes of protein folding and gene development. Each iteration took the technology further - and together, the Blue Gene series revolutionized the economics of supercomputing.
Featured: March 03, 2011
FORTRAN FORTRAN
The Pioneering Programming Language
Programming early computers meant using an arcane “machine code” specific to each computer. IBM programmer John Backus found a better solution. In 1957, he and his team produced the first high-level language, FORTRAN (for FORmula TRANslating System). A FORTRAN program could run on any system with a FORTRAN compiler, which translated Backus’s code to machine code almost as efficiently as a good programmer. For the first time, code was comprehensible to people other than programmers, giving mathematicians and scientists the ability to write programs they could share on different systems. FORTRAN was a significant step toward freeing software from the constraints of its hardware.
Featured: March 02, 2011
The Mapping of Humanity's Family Tree The Mapping of Humanity's Family Tree
Who am I? How did we get here? Launched in 2005, National Geographic’s Genographic Project aims to answer these questions. IBM and the Genographic Project began gathering human DNA from across the world and analyzing it for genetic markers that signal a deviation—or branch—in our family tree. By examining our ancestral roots, researchers can draw a more complete picture of humanity’s migratory history. IBM is providing the analytics to read the more than 400,000 samples collected so far. Through this project, IBM has gained tremendous knowledge of genetic variation and has become the world’s first company with a genetic non-discrimination policy.
Featured: March 01, 2011
Sabre Sabre
The First Online Reservation System
IBM worked for six years with American Airlines to develop a reservation system that would allow the company to quickly track, fill and file records of the hundreds of passengers that packed its new jets. The system was an enormous success, and similar models were later sold to Pan Am and Delta. The Sabre system enabled a major transformation not only of airline reservations, but also of revenue management, cargo, pricing, scheduling and operations. More significantly, Sabre paved the way for real-time online transactions—also known as Online Transaction Processing (OLTP)—a precursor of everything from ATM machines to Internet commerce.
Featured: February 28, 2011
Corporate Service Corps Corporate Service Corps
The IBM Corporate Service Corps (CSC) program was launched in 2008 to create leadership development opportunities for IBMers while delivering expertise-based service for the communities and organizations in emerging markets. To date 1000 IBMers have participated in CSC projects that tackle issues from local economic development, entrepreneurship, transportation and education, to government services, healthcare and disaster recovery. Corporate Service Corps teams now serve in over twenty countries around the world.
Featured: February 25, 2011
The IBM Punched Card The IBM Punched Card
From the beginning of tabulation, stiff rectangular cards punched with holes became the way data was recorded and stored. As IBM grew to dominate data processing by the 1920s, its cards—which only worked on IBM machines and vice-versa—became the global industry standard. In 1928, IBM improved on the cards’ design so more data could be stored on a single card. From the 1950s through about 1970, IBM punched cards were the primary way corporations and governments stored and accessed information, making the cards the most durable, successful data storage medium since the book.
Featured: February 24, 2011
The First Corporate Pure Science Research Laboratory The First Corporate Pure Science Research Laboratory
“Think” was at the core of Watson’s being. In 1944, he established the Watson Scientific Computing Laboratory at Columbia University, the first corporate laboratory dedicated to pure scientific research. There, a handful of scientists used machines previously dedicated to accounting to investigate everything from atomic fission to the orbit of the moon. Embedding IBM within a university helped to develop a diverse new field of thinkers. Today, eight IBM labs work with government and university research labs worldwide. This new model of “collaboratories” allows the company to stretch its budget and access some of the best minds on the planet.
Featured: February 23, 2011
DRAM DRAM
The Invention of On-Demand Data
In the mid-1960s, IBM researcher Bob Dennard developed the world’s first one-transistor memory, calling it “dynamic random access memory,” or DRAM. Finally, mainframes could be outfitted with short-term memory to act as a buffer to the data stored on disk drives. The memory chips would hold information the computer was working on right then, so it could go back to the disk drive only when it needed something new. This vastly sped up the process of accessing and using stored information. DRAM instantly made computer memory smaller, denser and cheaper, all while requiring less power.
Featured: February 22, 2011
Automated Test Scoring Automated Test Scoring
IBM pioneered the measurement of academic performance with 1937’s IBM 805 Test Scoring Machine. This machine was able to score tests in less time than it took to manually mark the answer sheet, and was many times more accurate. Its innovative pencil-mark sensing technology gave rise to the ubiquitous phrase, “Please completely fill in the oval.” The innovation came into use just prior to World War II, when the government relied on the machine to process and place large numbers of applicants into jobs.
Featured: February 21, 2011
Scanning Tunneling Microscope Scanning Tunneling Microscope
The scanning tunneling microscope (STM) revolutionized our ability to manipulate solid surfaces the size of atoms. Gerd Binnig and Heinrich Rohrer of IBM’s Zurich Research Center were awarded the 1986 Nobel Prize in Physics for discovering the STM. And the STM, in turn, has led to other discoveries on a “nano” scale, playing an essential role in the blossoming of nanotechnology. It was vital in the 1990s discovery of fullerenes, which led to the development of the carbon nanotube. The Nobel committee said the invention opened up “entirely new fields... for the study of the structure of matter.”
Featured: February 17, 2011
The Optimization of Global Railways The Optimization of Global Railways
IBM’s first customer in Italy, the Italian state-owned Ferrovie dello Stato (Italian Railways) turned to IBM in 1928 to automate its administrative processes. The result was an inventory of spare parts that drastically reduced waste and statistical traffic analysis that helped to schedule and allocate trains. Italian Railways was one of the first organizations to fully exploit the advantages of IBM’s large-scale, large-volume data management capabilities. IBM’s work there led to railway engagements in India, the Netherlands, Australia, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Chile, China, Colombia, Cuba, France, Guatemala, Hungary, Mexico, Poland and Yugoslavia.
Featured: February 14, 2011
A Computer Called Watson A Computer Called Watson
IBM’s latest computer, code-named “Watson” leverages the leading edge Question-Answering technology, allowing the computer to process and understand natural language. It incorporates massively parallel analytical capabilities to emulate the human mind’s ability to understand the actual meaning behind words, distinguish between relevant and irrelevant content, and ultimately, demonstrate confidence to deliver precise final answers. In February of 2011, Watson will make history by being the first computer to compete against humans on television’s venerable quiz show, Jeopardy!.
Featured: February 11, 2011
The Rise of the Internet The Rise of the Internet
In 1987, IBM, working with the U.S. National Science Foundation and our partners at MCI and Merit designed a new high-speed National Science Foundation Network (NSFNET) to connect US universities and 6 US-based supercomputer centers. The NSFNET greatly increased the capacity of the Internet (increasing the bandwidth of backbone links from 56 Kilobits/sec to 1.5 Megabits/sec to 45 Megabits/sec) and greatly increased the reliability and reach of the Internet—reaching more than 50 million users in 93 countries when management of the Internet infrastructure was transferred to the telecom carriers and commercial Internet Service Providers in 1995.
Featured: February 10, 2011
RAMAC RAMAC
The First Magnetic Hard Disk
The world’s first hard disk drive was the size of two kitchen refrigerators set side by side. It contained 50 disks spinning at 1,200 revolutions per minute, supplying data at 100,000 bits per second. It was the IBM RAMAC (Random Access Method of Accounting and Control), and it allowed enterprises to think about data in new ways—mixing and matching it on the fly, allowing each bit of information to be read or changed randomly. Along with IBM’s magnetic tape drive, the 1956 release of RAMAC essentially launched the data storage industry.
Featured: February 08, 2011
Excimer Laser Surgery Excimer Laser Surgery
In 1981, three IBM scientists—Rangaswamy Srinivasan, James Wynne and Samuel Blum—discovered how the newly invented excimer laser could remove specific human tissue without harming the surrounding area and do so on an extremely minute scale—a process that became the foundation for LASIK and PRK surgery. The painless procedure, which changes the shape of the cornea, has improved the vision and quality of life for millions of people around the world.
Featured: February 04, 2011
Magnetic Stripe Technology Magnetic Stripe Technology
In 1969, IBM engineer Forrest Parry had a problem. He was trying to affix a strip of magnetized tape with a piece of plastic to create an identity card for the CIA, but he was struggling to combine the two components. When he mentioned the problem to his wife, who happened to be ironing clothing at the time, she suggested that he use the iron to melt the strip on. He tried it, and it worked. The magnetic stripe, when combined with point-of-sale devices and data networks, was one of the catalysts that accelerated the proliferation of credit card usage around the world, transforming commerce forever.
Featured: February 03, 2011
The First Salaried Workforce The First Salaried Workforce
Thomas Watson Sr. always believed in making his workers feel dignified. In 1934, he bucked a trend toward paying factory workers in piecework, instead paying by the hour. Continuing the tradition, in 1958 IBM became the first industrial organization to place all regular, hourly-rated domestic employees on a salary basis. This change in pay practice made all domestic employees part of same basic compensation plan, providing its workforce with economic stability and equality.
Featured: February 02, 2011
Optimizing the Food Supply Optimizing the Food Supply
IBM worked with the Danish government in 1988 to create a nationwide cattle registry. This National Cattle Database collected and managed a breadth of information on 1.2 million bovine animals—including yield, breeding abilities, herdbook, medical history and even udder size and shape. The database has enabled farmers to optimize the breeding and yield of every cow and provided the Danish government with the visibility and traceability critical to the export of agricultural products. IBM continues to help governments, farmers and fisheries around the world develop smarter food chains to maximize yield and ensure safety and quality.
Featured: February 01, 2011
The Floppy Disk The Floppy Disk
The IBM engineers who developed the floppy disk never could have dreamed that it would soon become instilled in the fabric of consumers' lives. It was originally designed for large-scale systems, as a more efficient form factor for IBM's System/370 mainframe data loads. But soon, the disk's small size and ever-increasing storage capabilities led to its adoption by smaller systems as well. Usable, durable and flexible, the floppy disk quickly became ubiquitous as the preferred storage medium for the emerging personal computer industry.
Featured: January 28, 2011
SAGE SAGE
The First National Air Defense Network
In the depths of the cold war, IBM was contracted to help safeguard the United States by building an air defense system known as the Semi-Automatic Ground Environment (SAGE). When fully deployed in 1963, the system consisted of 27 centers throughout North America, each occupying an acre of floor space. SAGE was the first large computer network to provide man-machine interaction in real time. It provided the user with speed, altitude, and weapons availability data. Fortunately, while SAGE made available a number of formative computer technologies, much of its capabilities never had to be put into use.
Featured: January 26, 2011
IBM 1401: The Mainframe IBM 1401: The Mainframe
In 1959, IBM introduced the 1401, the first high-volume, stored-program, core-memory transistorized mainframe computer. Its versatility in running enterprise applications of all kinds helped it become the most popular computer model in the world in the early 1960s. IBM also introduced the 1403 chain printer, which launched the era of high-speed, high-volume impact printing. The 1403 was unsurpassed in quality until the advent of the laser printer in the 1970s. The 1401 was the first computer system in the world to reach 10,000 unit sales.
Featured: January 25, 2011
UPC UPC
The Transformation of Retail
The UPC barcode system came into being as the result of one man's breakthrough moment, while working under a dramatically tight deadline. This 1973 invention turned into one of the most profound contributions to industrial technology. A truly universal standard, the UPC is among the most recognized designs in history, and typically IBM: an elegantly simple matrix of information that can be customized for almost any type of transaction and can yield as much data as needed. For retailers, the UPC meant savings, better customer service, precise inventory control, and rich stores of marketing data. UPC changed the point-of-sale experience forever.
Featured: January 21, 2011
Patents and Innovation
By hiring engineer and inventor James W. Bryce in 1917, Thomas Watson Sr. showed his commitment to pure inventing. Bryce and his team established IBM as a long-term leader in the development and protection of intellectual property. By 1929, 90 percent of IBM's products were the result of Watson's investments in R&D. In 1940, the team invented a method for adding and subtracting using vacuum tubes—a basic building block of the fully electronic computers that transformed business in the1950s. This pattern—using innovation to create intellectual property—shaped IBM's history.
iSeries - The Integrated Series from IBM, evolved from AS/400
MLC - Monthly License Charge
OS/390 - Mainframe server platform built on the MVS family of products
OTC - One Time Charge
PD - Problem Determination
PLC - Primary License Charge
PMP - Preventive Management Planning
PMR - Problem Management Record
pSeries - The Performance Series from IBM, evolved from RS/6000
PSI - Problem Source Identification
PSLC - Parallel Sysplex License Charge
PSP - Preventive Service Planning
PSP - Personal Software Products
PTF - Programming Temporary Fix
RLC - Recurring License Charge
RMP - Recommended Maintenance Package
RSU - Recommended Service Upgrade
SID - Support ID
SPOC - Single Point of Contact
SPR - Software Problem Report
SSA - System Support Agreement
SUF - Service Upgrade Facility
SVP - Sales Volume Price
ibm
IBM-Terminology-Glossary
(E?)(L?) http://www-306.ibm.com/software/globalization/terminology/index.jsp
This Web site consolidates several of the main glossaries created for IBM products in one convenient location. Other glossaries may be available on IBM Internet sites for specific products or technologies. To find a glossary that is not listed here, conduct a search on the IBM home page or the home page of the relevant product.
Glossary of Computing Terms
AS/400 Glossary
AIX Glossary
DB2 Glossary
Tivoli Glossary
IMS Glossary
Pervasive Computing Glossary
This Web site consolidates the terminology from many IBM products in one convenient location. In addition to base computer terminology, terms and definitions from the following brands and product families are included:
CICS | iSeries | Lotus | Tivoli | WebSphere
Terms from other brands such as Rational, DB2, and zSeries will be added in the near future.
Am 03.08.2004 waren folgende englische Begriffe im Glossary mit Erklärungen aufgeführt:
C: | C interface | C language | C/370 | C2 | CA | CA certificate | CA key | CA splitting | cable path | cable-through | cache | cache line | cache structure | cache timeout | caching proxy server | cadence | calculation code | calculation rule | calculation scale | calculation specification | calendar | calendar merge analysis | calendar merge report | calendar overlap analysis | calendar overlap report | calendaring and scheduling | calibration | call | call back | call center | call control | call detail record (CDR) | call forwarding | CALL interface | call level | call level number | call message queue | call profile | call session | call stack | call stack entry | call transfer | call user data (CUD) | callable interface (CI) | callable service | callback | callback function | called number | called party | called program | caller | calling command ID | calling line identification presentation (CLIP) | calling program | CallPath | call-triggered flow | campaign | campaign organizer | cancelation cleanup handler | cancelation point | cancelation state | cancelation type | canned map | canonical format | capability | capability data | capability list | capacitor | capacity on demand (CoD) | capacity planner | capacity planning | Capacity Upgrade on Demand | capture | card | card enclosure | card reader/line printer | card type | cardinality | carriage control character | carrier | Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection (CSMA/CD) | CART | CAS | CAS tone | cascaded initiator | cascaded menu | cascading choice | cascading replication | cascading resources | cascading style sheet (CSS) | case | case-sensitive | cassette | cast | catalog | catalog asset store | catalog entry | catalog group | catalog view | cataloged procedure | catch up | catch-up | categorization | category | category 1 transaction | category 2 transaction | category 3 transaction | category bean | category link | Category Manager | category page | category table | category tree | CAVM | CAVM message data set | CBC | CBIPO | CBJ | CBR | CBT | CBX | CCA | CCB | CCF | CCH | CCMS | CCS | CCSID | CCSID 65534 | CCSID 65535 | CCTL | CCU | CD | CD read/write drive (CD-RW drive) | CDB | CDF | CDK | CDMA | CDNM session | CDPD | CDR | CD-R | CDRA | CD-RW drive | CDS clerk | CDSA | CDT | CE area | CEB | CECI | cell | cell-scoped binding | Cellular Telecommunications Industry Association (CTIA) | Celsius | central control unit (CCU) | central directory architecture | central institution | central office (CO) | central processing unit (CPU) | central processor complex (CPC) | central registry | central service | central site | central system | centralized directory service | centralized processing | centralized script management | CEPT | certificate | certificate authority ( CA CA) | certificate authority certificate (CA certificate) | certificate revocation list | certificate store | certification | certifier ID | CF key | CF message | CFIOP | CFStruct | CGI | CGI program | CGI script | CGU | chain | chain assembly | chain server topology | chained data areas | chained storage area | chaining | Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol (CHAP) | change accumulation | change authority | change bar | change history | change log | change management | change number of sessions (CNOS) | change request (CRQ) | change request description (CRQD) | changed subfile record | change-direction protocol | channel | channel associated signaling (CAS) | channel bank | channel code | channel control function (CCF) | channel definition file (CDF) | channel exit program | channel group | channel initiator | channel item | channel listener | Channel Manager | channel number | channel process (CHP) | channel service unit ( CSU CSU) | channel switch | CHAP | CHAPS | CHAPS-Euro | character | character array | character cell | character code | character constant | character conversion | Character Data Representation Architecture (CDRA) | character data representation identifier | character encoding | character expression | character field | character format | character generator utility (CGU) | character grid | character grid unit | character ID | character identifier (character ID) | character key | character large object ( CLOB CLOB) | character operator | character printer | character set | character set identifier 65534 | character set identifier 65535 | character string | character variable | characters per inch (cpi) | chart | chart area | chart format | chart layout | chart series | CHASE | Chassis Bridge Controller (CBC) | chat | chat transcript | cheat sheet | check box | check constraint | check digit | check in | check out | check pending | checkin screen | checkpoint | checkpoint size | checksum | checksum protection | checksum set | child activity | child business object | child category | child class | child component | child document | child organizational entity | child process | child window | choose | CHP | cHTML | CI | CI splitting | CIC | CICS (Customer Information Control System) | CICS availability manager (CAVM) | CICS business transaction services (BTS) | CICS client | CICS database adapter transformer | CICS default userid | CICS dynamic storage area (CDSA) | CICS EJB server | CICS group | CICS Internet gateway | CICS messages and codes data set (DFHCMACD) | CICS on Open Systems | CICS on System/390 | CICS PD/MVS | CICS Problem Determination/MVS (CICS PD/MVS) | CICS program library (DFHRPL) | CICS region userid | CICS segment | CICS system | CICS system definition data set (CSD) | CICS system group | CICS Transaction Affinities Utility | CICS Web interface | CICS-deployed JAR file | CICS-DL/I router | CICS-key | CICS-maintained data table (CMT) | CICSplex | CICSPlex SM | CICSPlex SM address space (CMAS) | CICSPlex SM region | CICSPlex SM token | CICSPlex System Manager (CICSPlex SM) | CICS-value data area (CVDA) | CICSVR | CIDR | CIF | CIM | CIP | cipher | cipher block chaining (CBC) | cipher suite | CipherSpec | ciphertext | circuit breaker | circuit identification code (CIC) | circular logging | CISC | CIU | CKD | CL | CL program | CL variable | claim | class | class 0 | class 1 terminal | class 2 | class 2 terminal | class 3 terminal | class 4 | class attribute | class authority (CLAUTH) | class binding signature | Class Broker for Java (CBJ) | class condition | class definition statement | class descriptor | class descriptor table (CDT) | class file | class hierarchy | class library | class loader | class mask | class method | class object | class of service (COS) | class path | class signature | class statistics | classification rule | classifier | Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR) | class-name | class-of-service description | CLASSPATH | clause | CLAUTH | clean keypoint time | cleanse | cleanup interval | clear message | clearing channel (CC) | Clearing House Automated Payment System (CHAPS) | clearing system | CLI | click | clickstream | Clickstream Engine | clickthrough rate | client | Client API | client application | Client Application for Windows | client certificate | client connection channel type | Client daemon | client domain | client initialization file | client migration | client node | client program | client proxy | client type detection | client/server | client-based routing | CLIP | clipboard | cliplet | clipping | CLNP | CLNS | CLNS path | CLNS path maintenance | CLNS path set | CLOB | clock time | clocking | clone | cloned CICS region | close | closed registration | closed user group (CUG) | closure line | CLS | CLT | CLUSRCVR | CLUSSDR | CLVM | CMAS | CMAS link | CMAS monitoring application | CMAS monitoring subsystem | CMC | cmf | CMIP | CMIS | CMP | CMRS | CMS | CMT | CNOS | CO | COA | COA report | coalescing | coaxial cable | COBOL | COBOL character | COBOL reserved-word file | COBOL word | COD | CoD | COD report | code | code assist | code division multiple access (CDMA) |
| code load | code page | code page global identifier (CPGID) | code point | codec (COder-DECoder) | coded character set identifier ( CCSID CCSID) | coded character set identifier 65534 (CCSID 65534) | coded character set identifier 65535 (CCSID 65535) | coded font | coded graphic character-set ID | code-page ID | COder-DECoder | coexistence | coherency check | coherent | cold start | collaboration | collaboration meeting | collaboration object | collaboration property | collaboration template | collaboration-object group | Collaborative Components | collaborative filtering | collaborative portal | collate | collating sequence | collator | collection | Collection Services | collective | collector | collector system | Collector Tool | collision | collision detect | collision detection | collocation | color | color mapping file | color palette | column | column function | column separator | combination box | combined alert | combined condition | combined file | combined function IOP (CFIOP) | combined search | combined station | Comitato Elettrotechnico Italiano | Comite de Coordination de l'Harmonisation (CCH) | comma | command | command and response token (CART) | command attention key (CA key) | command authorization table | command bag | command bean | command control block (CCB) | command definition | command definition statement | command file | command function key (CF key) | command key indicator | Command Language (CL) | command language translator | command length | command level | command line | command line interface (CLI) | command list | command list language | command list table (CLT) | command name | command prefix (CPF) | command procedure | command processing program (CPP) | command processor | command prompt | command recognition character (CRC) | command security | command server | command string | command thread | command-level interface | command-level interpreter (CECI) | COMMAREA | comment | comment line | comment-entry | Commercial Mobile Radio Services spectrum (CMRS) | commercial processing workload (CPW) | commit | commit cycle | commit cycle identifier | commit identifier | commit in progress (CIP) | commit operation | commit phase | commit point | commitment boundary | commitment control | commitment definition | committable resource | committable update | committed (CMT) | committed change | committed output message | Common Business Oriented Language (COBOL) | common carrier | common channel signaling (CCS) | Common Communications Support (CCS) | Common Connector Framework (CCF) | Common Cryptographic Architecture (CCA) | common error bucket | Common Gateway Interface (CGI) | common information model (CIM) | common interchange file (CIF) | common interchange unit (CIU) | common key | Common Management Information Protocol (CMIP) | common management information service (CMIS) | Common Messaging Call (CMC) | Common Object Request Broker Architecture (CORBA) | common program | Common Programming Interface (CPI) | Common Programming Interface for Communications (CPI-C) | Common Services | common system area (CSA) | Common User Access (CUA) | common user ID | common user identification (common user ID) | common work area ( CWA CWA) | communication adapter | communication area (COMMAREA) | communication controller | communication management configuration (CMC) | communication port | communication section | communications area | communications configuration | communications controller | communications data format | communications job | communications line | communications security | communications side information | communications type | Communications Utilities | community | community name | community services | commutative | compact | compact disc - recordable (CD-R) | compact disc (CD) | compact disc-read-only memory | Compact Hypertext Markup Language (cHTML) | compaction | compaction table | comparison analysis | comparison operator | comparison predicate subquery | compatibility | compatibility mode | compatible | compensation | compensation program | compensation service | compilation | compilation unit | compile | compile time | compiled grammar file | compiled message flow (cmf) | compiled program |
| compile-time array | compile-time table | complement | completed | completed task | completion code | completion message | completion queue | complex condition | complex element | complex instruction set computer (CISC) | complex number | complex type | compliance type | component | component directory | component name | component PDSE | component store archive | component tracing | composer | composite bar chart | composite bar graph | composite catalog entry | composite identity relationship | composite key | composite part | composite project | composite store archive | Composition Services | compound condition | compound key | compound license | compound rule | compound symbol | compound variable | compress | compressed audio | compressed listing | compressed source | compressed video | compression | compute-bound | computed field | computed metrics | computer graphics | computer instruction | computer language | computer-based training (CBT) | computerized branch exchange ( CBX CBX) | computer-name | computer-telephony integration (CTI) | concatenate | concatenated field | concatenation operator | concurrency | concurrency control | concurrent | concurrent access volume group | concurrent connection limit | Concurrent Logical Volume Manager (CLVM) | concurrent maintenance | Concurrent Versions System (CVS) | condensed directory catalog | condition | condition name | condition rule | condition token | condition trap | condition variable | conditional access list | conditional end bracket (CEB) | conditional expression | conditional external reference | conditional force | conditional loop | conditional phrase | conditional prompting | conditional statement | conditional variable | conditioning | conditioning indicator | condition-name condition | conduit | Conference Europeenne des Administrations des Postes et Telecommunications (CEPT) | confidentiality | configuration | Configuration Change Management System (CCMS) | configuration directory | configuration file | configuration list | configuration management | Configuration Manager | configuration object (CO) | configuration object set (COS) | configuration object type (CT) | configuration parameter | configuration report server (CRS) | configuration repository | Configuration Section | configuration tool | configurator | configure | configured name binding | confirm | confirm on delivery (COD) | confirmation message | confirmation of delivery | confirmed service | confirm-on-arrival report (COA report) | confirm-on-delivery report (COD report) | conform | confounder | connect | connection | connection control block (CCB) | connection document | connection factory | connection handle | connection list | connection manager | connection modem | connection network | connection pool | connection pooling | connection profile | connection script | connection status block (CSB) | Connectionless Network Protocol (CLNP) | connectionless protocol | connectionless service | connectionless-mode network protocol (CLNP) | connectionless-mode network service (CLNS) | connection-mode network service | connection-oriented network service (CONS) | connective | connectivity | connector | connector agent | connector class | connector configuration properties | connector controller | connector development kit (CDK) | connector framework | connector-specific configuration properties | CONS | CONS path | CONS path set | consecutive processing | consistency | consistent | console | consolidated software inventory (CSI) | constant | constant field | constant symbol | constraint | constraint cycle | constructor | constructor method | consumer direct | consumer server | container | container class | container management | container object | container transaction | container window | container-managed persistence (CMP) | container-managed transaction | content | content aggregation | content assist | content based routing (CBR) | content category | content class | content contribution servlet | content contributor | content delivery server | content managed | content management | content model | content provider | content publisher | content resource | content server | content spot | content-based filter | contention loser | contention mode | contention state | contention winner | contents view | context | context name | context parameter | context profile | context root | context security | context switch | context type | contiguous item | continuation character | continuation handle | continuation line | continued-entry field | Continuous Linked Settlement (CLS) | continuous speech recognition | continuously powered main storage (CPM) | contract | control | control area (CA) | control block | control boundary | control break | control character (cc) | control command | control data set | control field | control flow | control function | control group | control interval (CI) | control language (CL) | control language program (CL program) | control language variable (CL variable) | control link | control menu | control message | control operator | control panel | control point (CP) | control point server (CP-SVR) | control region | control specification | control statement | control station | control subpool | control table | control terminal | controlled load service | controlled repetitive loop | controlled shutdown | controller | controller card | controller command | controller configuration | controller description (CTLD) | controller proxy | control-level indicator | controlling subsystem | convenience station | conventional memory | converged service processor | conversation | conversation characteristic | conversation component | conversation correlator | conversation data block (CDB) | conversation identifier | conversation key | conversation security | conversation state | conversational | Conversational Monitor System (CMS) | conversational processing | conversation-level security | conversion | conversion table | conversion template table | converted journal entry | converter | convid | cooperative application | CoOperative Development Environment/400 | cooperative processing | coordinate | coordinated universal time (UTC) | coordinating address space ( CAS CAS) | coordinator | coordinator control subsystem (CCTL) | copper chip technology | copy group | copy helper | CORBA | CORBA Object Services Naming Directory (COS Naming Directory) | CorbaServer | corequisite dependency | corequisite fix | correlated reference | correlated subquery | correlation condition | correlation ID | correlation identifier (correlation ID) | correlation name | correlation rule | correlation table | correspondent | correspondent identifier | COS | COS Naming Directory | cost comparison analysis | counter | counter value | count-key data (CKD) | country ID | country identifier (country ID) | coupler | coupling service | course | course catalog | course master | course offering | course package | course profile | course structure | cover document | CP | CPC | CP-CP session | CPE | CPF | CPGID | cpi | CPI | CPI-C | CPM | CPP | CP-SVR | CPU | CPW | cracker | cradle | crawler | CRC | create access list | create data | create method | creation date | credential | credential mapper | credentials | credit cap | credit payment | CRG | CRGM | criteria | critical path | crop | cross-certificate | cross-domain key | cross-domain key table | cross-domain network manager session (CDNM session) | cross-partition communication control | cross-reference listing | cross-sell | cross-site mirroring (XSM) | CRQ | CRQD | CRS | CRU | cryptanalyst | Cryptographic Service Provider (CSP) | Cryptographic Support | cryptographic token | cryptography | CS | CSA | CSB | CSD | CSI | CSMA/CD | CSP | CSS | CSU | CT | CTI | CTIA | CTLD | CUA | CUD | CUG | cumulative backup | cumulative mapping | cumulative PTF | cumulative time | CUoD | currency advice | currency code file | currency credit advice | currency debit advice | currency sign | currency symbol | current | current connect group | current directory | current files library | current form | current interrupted job | current library | current list | current mode | current position | current record | current record pointer | current release | current security label | current state | current volume pointer | current working directory | curriculum | cursor | cursor movement key | cursor stability (CS) | custom action | custom finder | custom log bean | custom screen record | custom server | custom service | custom tag | custom user registry | Custom Wire Format (CWF) | Custom-Built Installation Process Offering (CBIPO) | customer | customer data store | customer facing store | customer group | Customer Information Control System | Customer Premise Equipment Alerting Signal tone (CAS tone) | customer premises equipment (CPE) | customer profile | Customer Relationship Management | customer service representative | Customer Service Supervisor | customer-replaceable unit (CRU) | customization | Customization Input File (CIF, mqsicompcif) | customization set | customizer | cut-off time | cutover | cut-through channel | CVDA | CVS | CWA | CWF | cycle | cycle times comparison analysis | cyclic redundancy check (CRC) | cylinder
D: | DAA | DAD | DAD script | DADX | DADX group | DADX run-time | DAE | daemon | DAF | daisy chain | damaged logical unit of work | DAP | Darwin Information Typing Architecture (DITA) | DASD sharing | data access bean | data aggregate | data area | data authority | data availability | data bag | data bean | data bean command | data bean manager | Data Cache Manager | data cache unit (DC, DCU) | data catalog | data chaining (DC) | data character set | data circuit-terminating equipment (DCE) | data class | data clause | data code page | data collection | data communication | data communication equipment (DCE) | data compression | data connection resource (DCR) | data container | data control block (DCB) | data conversion | data conversion interface (DCI) | data country code (DCC) | data decompression | data definition | data definition language (DDL) | data definition name (ddname) | data description entry | data description language | data description specifications (DDS) | Data Description Specifications Design Utility (DSU) | data dictionary | data directory | Data Division | data dump | data element | data element separation | Data Encryption Standard (DES) | data entry database (DEDB) | data file | data file utility (DFU) | data flow control layer (DFC layer) | data format | data group | data handler | data hierarchy | data independence | data integrity | data interchange | data interchange block (DIB) | data interchange format (DIF) | data interchange program (DIP) | Data Interfile Transfer, Testing and Operations utility (DITTO utility) | data item | data item part | data label | Data Language/I (DL/I) | data line | data link | data link connection identifier (DLCI) | data link control (DLC) | data link control layer (DLC layer) | data link control protocol (DLC) | data link escape character (DLE, DLE character) | data link layer | data link protocol | data management | data management block (DMB) | data mapping | data mart | data mart server | data migration | data mode | data model | data mover | data multiplexer | data name | data network identification code (DNIC) | data note | data object | data object filter | data part | data pointer | data policy | data queue | data rate | data reference line | data repository | data security | data server | data service unit (DSU) | Data service unit/channel service unit (DSU/CSU) | data set | data set name (dsname) | data set name block ( DSNB DSNAME block) | data set name sharing | data set profile | data sharing | data source | data space | data store | data stream | data striping | data structure | data table | data terminal equipment ( DTE DTE) | data token | data tower | data traffic | data transfer rate | data type | Data Universal Numbering System (DUNS) | data value | data warehouse | data warehousing | database (DB) | database administrator (DBA) | database backup series | database cache | database catalog | Database Control (DBCTL) | database description (DBD) | database file | database header | database ID | database identifier ( DBID database ID) | database instance ID (DBIID) | database integrity | database library | database management system (DBMS) | database manager | database organization | database program communication block (DBPCB) | database record | database recovery | Database Recovery Control (DBRC) | database reference field | database reorganization | database replica | database request module (DBRM) | database resource adapter (DRA) | database server node | database-level sharing | data-conversion service | data-encrypting key | datagram | datalink | DataLink File Manager | data-owning region (DOR) | Dataradio Multiplex Protocol (DMP) | data-sharing component | datastore | datastore specification query | datastore specification report | DataTAC | date | date duration | datetime value | dB | DB | DB2 | DB2 Query Manager | DB2 UDB for iSeries | DB2 UDB Query Manager and SQL Development Kit | DB2 Universal Database for iSeries (DB2 UDB for iSeries) | DB2 XML Extender | DBA | DBCS | DBCS code | DBCS conversion | DBCS conversion dictionary | DBCS data | DBCS font file | DBCS font table | DBCS number | DBCS sort table | DBCS-either | DBCS-graphic | DBCS-only | DBCS-open | DBCTL | DBD | DBID | DBIID | DBMS | DBO | DBPCB | DBRC | DBRM | DC | DCA | DCB | DCBU | DCC | DCE | DCE principal | D-channel | D-channel backup (DCBU) | DCI | DCM | DCR | DCT | DCU | DD | DDE | DDE client | DDE server | DDEP | DDI | DDIR | DDL | DDM | DDM Architecture | DDM file | DDMMYYYY | DDN | ddname | DDO | DDS | DDS1 | DDSA | DEA | dead-letter queue | dead-letter queue handler | deallocate | debit cap | debit payment | deblocking | debug | debug engine | debug mode | debugger | debugging line | debugging section | debugging session | decibel (dB) | decimal position | decimalization table | decision | decision point | deck | declaration | declarative security | declarative sentence | declaratives | decode | decompression | decrypt | decryption | DEDB | dedicated line | dedicated save operation | Dedicated Server for Domino (DSD) | dedicated service tools (DST) | dedicated system | de-edit | default | default configuration | default connection | default contract | default delivery | default entry point | default error handler | default focal point | default form | default group | default network message queue | default network output queue | default object | default organization | default password | default policy | default portal page | default printer | default process | default profile | default program | default public place | default record | default rendering | default reply | default routing entry | default user | default user ID | default user name | default value formula | default view | Defense Data Network (DDN) | deferred connection | deferred flow | deferred maintenance | deferred work element ( DWE DWE) | define the file (DTF) | defined address | defined userid | defining attribute | definite response (DR) | definite response 2 indicator (DR2I) | definition specification | definitions file |
| delay characteristics | delay start | delayed maintenance | delegate | delegation | delete authority | delete cascade | delete lock | delete rule | delete trigger | deletion stub | delimited identifier | delimited scope statement | delimited text | delimiter | delimiter token | delta business object | delta channel (D-channel) | delta install | demand chain | demand poll | demilitarized zone ( DMZ DMZ) | demodulate | denial-of-service attack | dependency | dependent default | dependent file | dependent logical unit (DLU) | dependent logical unit requester (DLUR) | dependent region | dependent row | dependent table | deploy | deployed JAR file | deployed security role | deployment | deployment code | deployment descriptor | deployment directory | depositor access | depot | deprecated | dequeue | dereferencing | deregister | derivation | derived form | derived name | derived query | DES | descendent row | descendent table | descending key | descending key sequence | descending sequence | descriptive attribute | descriptor | deselect | deselection | deserializer | design elements | design pane | design repository database | design template | design window | designated affinity | designated approving authority (DAA) | designer access | desktop management interface (DMI) | destager | destination | destination address | destination address field (DAF) | destination control table (DCT) | destination list | destination node | destination NSAP address | destination point code (DPC) | destination service access point (DSAP) | destination system | destructive data change | detach | detached copy | detail calculation | detail line | detail record | detail report | detail time | details view | detected access transmission error in (DTSE in) | detected access transmission error out (DTSE out) | determinant | DEVD | developer | development environment | development folder | development group | development library | development system | device | device address | device agent program | device attributes feedback area | device class | device configuration | device dependence | device description (DEVD) | device domain | device driver (DD) | device emulation | device file | device independence | device input format (DIF) | device manager | device message handler (DMH) | device name | device object | device output format (DOF) | device parity protection | device selection character | device table | device token | device type | device-dependent | device-independent | DFC layer | DFH | DFHAID | DFHCMACD | DFHDLI | DFHDUP | DFHDYP | DFHMDF | DFHMDI | DFHMSD | DFHOSTAT | DFHRPL | DFHSIP SIP | DFHSM | DFHSTUP STUP | DFHTUP | DFSMS | DFU | DHCF | DIA | DIA document distribution services | diacritic | diagnostic | diagnostic message | dial | dial by name | dial tone | dialed number identification service (DNIS) | dialog | dialog box | dialog editor | dialog file | dialog management | dialog variable | dial-up | Dial-Up Networking | dial-up number | DIB | dictionary data section | DID | DIF | differencing phase | Differentiated Services | Differentiated Services domain | Differentiated Services field | Diffie-Hellman group | digest code | digit | digit position | digitize | digitized image | DIIOP | dimension | DIMM | DIP | diphone | direct access | direct access method | direct dial in (DDI) | direct inward dialing (DID) | direct manipulation | direct monitor handler | direct sales business model | direct sales store | direct service | direct speech recognition | directive | directory | directory access protocol (DAP) | directory assistance | directory assistance database | directory catalog | directory entry | directory information base (DIB) | directory manager domain | directory pointer | directory schema | directory server | Directory Server | directory service | directory shadowing | directory system agent (DSA) | directory user agent (DUA) | DirectTalk | DirectTalk bean | dirty object | dirty read | disc | DISC | discipline | disconnect (DISC) | disconnect character | disconnect timeout | disconnected mode (DM) | disconnected target command | discount | discover | discovered software package | discovery | discovery server | discrete profile | discrete word recognition | discussion | disk | disk drive | disk enclosure | disk operating system (DOS) | disk pool | disk pool group | disk unit | disk unit enclosure | diskette | diskette file | diskette unit | DISOSS | dispatch | dispatcher domain | dispatching priority | displacement | display attribute | display file | display format | display image | display layout sheet | display mode | display name | display page | display point | display screen | display session | display station | display station pass-through | display terminal | disposition | distinguished name | distributed application | distributed build | distributed computing | Distributed Computing Environment (DCE) | distributed data | distributed data interface (DDI) | distributed data management (DDM) | Distributed Data Management Architecture (DDM Architecture) | distributed database | Distributed Directory Architecture | distributed file management | Distributed Management Task Force (DMTF) | distributed monitoring proxy | Distributed Office Support System (DISOSS) | distributed processing | distributed program link (DPL) | Distributed Protocol Interface (DPI) | distributed queue management | distributed relational database | Distributed Relational Database Architecture (DRDA) | distributed routing model | distributed routing program | distributed systems node executive (DSNX) | distributed trace | distributed transaction processing (DTP) | distributed unit of work ( DUW DUW) | Distributed Voice Technologies (DVT) | distribution catalog | distribution document | distribution list | distribution media | distribution queue | distribution recipient index | distribution recipient queue | distribution repository | distribution requisite fix | distribution service level | distribution services | distribution tracking object | distribution zone | distributor | distributor proxy store | DITA | DITTO utility | division header | DJAR | DKC | DL/I | DL/I backout table (DBO) | DL/I database directory (DDIR) | DL/I interface block (DIB) | DLBL statement | DLC | DLC layer | DLCI | DLE | DLE character | DLI separate address space (DLISAS) | DLISAS | DLL | DLO | DLU | DLUR | DM | DMB | DMH | DMI | DMP | DMS100 | DMTF | DMZ | DNIC | DNIS | DNS | DNS domain database file | DNS resolution | DNS server cache | do group | DO loop | doclet | document | document access definition (DAD) | document access definition extension (DADX) | document authority | document class | Document Content Architecture (DCA) | document description | document detail | document format | Document Interchange Architecture (DIA) | document interchange session | document library | document library object (DLO) | document library services | document name | document number | Document Object Model (DOM) | document object name | document root directory | document routing process | document status | document template | document type definition (DTD) | document type set | document unit object | DOF | DOI | DOM | DOM element | domain | domain expert | domain gate | domain manager domain | domain name | domain name server | domain name space | Domain Name System (DNS) | Domain of Interpretation (DOI) | domain-defined attribute | Domino Application Services | Domino connector | Domino Directory | Domino directory | Domino domain | Domino for iSeries | Domino Internet Inter-ORB Protocol (DIIOP) | Domino server | Domino server program | Domino Server setup program | Domino.Doc binder | DOR | dormant state | DOS | dot matrix | dotted decimal notation | double precision | double-byte character | double-byte character set (DBCS) | double-byte coded font (double-byte font) | double-byte font | double-click | double-trunking | do-while loop | down | downcall | downline | download | downstream | downstream physical unit (DSPU) | DPC | DPI | DPL | DR | DR2I | DRA | DRA control exit | DRA startup parameter table | draft offering | drag | drawdown lock | drawing character | drawing tools | DRDA | DRDA1 | DRDA2 | driver | drop-in grammar | dropping | DSA | DSAP | DSD | dsname | DSNAME block | DSNB | DSNX | DSP | D-specification | DSPU | DST | DST-restricted state | DSU | DSU/CSU | DTB | DTD | DTE | DTE address | DTE attribute | DTF | DTMF | DTP | DTQA | DTR | DTS entity | DTSE in | DTSE out | dtuser | DTXA | DUA | dual authorization | dual display | dual inline memory module (DIMM) | dual logging | dual mode | dual-line call transfer | dual-purpose definition | dual-screen | dual-tone multifrequency (DTMF) | dummy device | dump | dump analysis and elimination (DAE) | dump code | dump data set | dump domain | dump media | dump table | dump utility program (DFHDUP) | DUNS | duplex (FDX, FD) | duplicate key value | durability | duration | DUW | DVD | DVT | DVT bridge | DVT interface | DVT service | DVT_Client2 | DVT_Server | DWE | DXL | dynaform | dynamic | dynamic access | dynamic allocation | dynamic analysis | dynamic backout | dynamic bind | dynamic buffer | dynamic cache | dynamic connection | dynamic data exchange (DDE) | dynamic data object (DDO) | dynamic group | dynamic IP | dynamic IP connection | dynamic kit | dynamic link library (DLL) | dynamic log | dynamic mode | dynamic naming | dynamic parse | dynamic partition | dynamic partition balancing | dynamic policy | dynamic print management | dynamic processing | dynamic program call | dynamic property | dynamic queue | dynamic reloading | dynamic retrieval | dynamic route | dynamic routing | dynamic routing model | dynamic routing program | dynamic select/omit | dynamic SQL | dynamic storage | dynamic storage area (DSA) | dynamic string | dynamic task statistics report | dynamic transaction backout (DTB) | dynamic transaction routing (DTR) | dynamic transaction routing program (DFHDYP) | dynamic vocabulary | dynamic Web content | dynamic Web project | dynamically loaded program
E: | E and M | E1 | EAB | EAO exception | EAR | EAR project | eavesdropping | EBA | EBCDIC (extended binary-coded decimal interchange code) | EBCDIC character | EBCDIC double-byte encoding scheme | EBCDIC single-byte encoding scheme | e-business | e-business on demand | ECB | ECDSA | echo cancellation | ECI | ECKD device | ECL | e-class | Eclipse | ECMA | Ecma International (ECMA) | e-commerce | ECSA | EDF | edge | EDGE | edge device | Edge Side Include (ESI) | EDI | EDIFACT | edit | edit code | edit description | edit line | edit mask | edit mode | edit word | editable field | editing character | edition | edition archive | editor | editor access | editor area | editor program | EDL | EEQE | EFD | effective address overflow exception (EAO exception) | effective user | EGL | EGL build file | EGL file | EGL keyword | EGL SDK | EGL source file | EGL statement | EIA | EIA unit | EIA-232 | EIB | EIM | EIP | EIS | EJB | EJB bean | EJB container | EJB context | EJB factory | EJB home | EJB home object | EJB inheritance | EJB JAR file | EJB module | EJB object | EJB project | EJB query | EJB query language | EJB reference | EJB server | e-learning | e-learning utility | electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) | electromagnetic interference (EMI) | electronic customer support | electronic data interchange (EDI) | electronic document | Electronic Industries Association (EIA) | electronic keystick | Electronic Media Management System (EMMS) | electronic overlay | electronic serial number (ESN) | electronic signature | electrostatic discharge (ESD) | element | element mark | element name | elementary item | ELF message | ELLC | ELPA | e-mail | e-mail activity | e-mail campaign | e-mail promotion | e-Marketing Spot | embedded blank | embedded command | embedded SQL | embedded system | EMC | e-meeting | emergency restart | emergency thread | EMI | emitter | EMMS | EMP | emphasis | empty activity | empty range | emulation | emulation program | Encapsulated Security Payload (ESP) | encapsulation | encode | encoded format | encoded-vector index | encoding scheme | ENCP | encrypt | encryption | encryption key | end bracket | end node | End of Procedure Division | end program header | end session handler | end system | ending attribute character | end-node control point (ENCP) | end-of-chain (EOC) | end-of-day statistics | end-of-file (EOF) | end-of-file delay | end-of-file label | end-of-message (EOM) | end-of-segment (EOS) | end-of-tape marker (EOT marker) | end-of-text character (ETX character) | end-of-transmission character (EOT character) | end-of-transmission-block character (ETB character) | endpoint | endpoint list | endpoint method | endpoint system | end-to-end connection type | end-to-end probe platform (EPP) | end-user verification | eNetwork | enforced subset match conversion/substitution | engine | engine type | Enhanced 5250 Emulation | Enhanced Data GSM Environment (EDGE) | enhanced logical link control (ELLC) | enhanced NWS | ENQ character | enqueue | enqueued | enquiry character (ENQ character) | enroll | enrollment | enterprise | Enterprise Address Book (EAB) | enterprise application | enterprise application project (EAR project) | enterprise archive (EAR) | enterprise bean | enterprise configuration | Enterprise Generation Language (EGL) | Enterprise Identity Mapping (EIM) | Enterprise Information Portal | enterprise information system (EIS) | Enterprise JavaBeans (EJB) | Enterprise Privacy Authorization Language (EPAL) | enterprise service | Enterprise Storage Server (ESS) | Enterprise Systems Architecture ( ESA ESA/370) | entitlement | entity | entity bean | entity structure analysis | entity structure report | entropy | entry | entry field | entry format | entry point (EP) | entry thread | entryOwner | entry-sequenced data set (ESDS) | enumeration data type | envelope | envelope type | environment | environment clause | Environment Division | Environment Services System Services (ESSS) | environment variable | Environmental Record Editing and Printing (EREP) | EOC | EOF | EOM | EOS | EOT character | EOT marker | EP | EPAL | EPI | EPOC | EPP | EPVT | equate name | equivalent | ER | erase-on-scratch | ERDSA | EREP | error | error log | error message | error processor vector table (EPVT) | Error Protocol (EP) | error status block (ESB) | error status element (ESE) | ESA | ESA mode | ESA/370 | ESB | escape character | escape message | escape sequence | ESD | ESDS | ESDSA | ESE | ESI | ESI processor | ESM | ESN | e-sourcing | ESP | ESQA | ESQL | ESQL data type | ESQL field reference | ESQL function | ESQL module | ESQL procedure | ESQL variable | ESS | ESSS | ESTAE | ETB character | E-TDMA | Ethernet | ETL | ETR | ETS | ETSI | ETX character | EUC | EUDSA | Euro-ISDN | European Telecommunications Standard (ETS) | European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) | e-utility computing (utility computing) | evaluation rule | even positive acknowledgment (ACK0) |
| e-workplace | EX | exact end position | exact-name format | EXCEPT group name | exception | exception class data | exception condition | exception handler | exception handling | exception list | exception report | exception request (EXR) | exception response (EX, ER) | exception trace entry | exception transition link | exception/error handling | exceptional wait | exchange data link (EDL) | exchange log name | exchange media | exchange station ID (XID) | EXCI | exclude authority | exclusive allow-read lock state | exclusive control | exclusive intent | exclusive lock | exclusive lock state | exclusive method | exclusive submap | exclusive use | exclusive-key storage | exclusive-OR | EXEC interface | EXEC interface block (EIB) | EXEC interface stub | executable statement | execute authority | execution control list (ECL) | execution group | execution interface program (EIP) | exit condition | exit point | exit point provider | exit program | exit programming interface (XPI) | exit status | expand | expanded communications buffer | expanded memory | expansion slot | expansion unit | expected inventory | expected inventory record | expedited data | expedited forwarding | expert cache | expiration date | expiration time | expired | expired password | explicit scope terminator | exponent | exponentiation | export | export agent | exported form | exported query | exposed name | express payment | expression | EXR | exrequisite dependency | extend | extend mode | extended ACL | Extended Adaptive Cache | Extended Adaptive Cache Simulator | extended addressing | extended attribute | extended attribute flag | extended attribute name | extended attribute subprofile | extended attribute value | extended binary-coded decimal interchange code | extended character | extended character processing | extended CICS dynamic storage area (ECDSA) | extended common system area (ECSA) | extended count-key-data device (ECKD device) | extended data object (XDO) | extended directory catalog | extended error queue element (EEQE) | extended help | extended interface | extended link pack area (ELPA) | extended memory | extended messaging | extended parameter list | extended private area | extended read-only dynamic storage area (ERDSA) | extended remote copy (XRC) | extended restart (XRST) | extended shared dynamic storage area (ESDSA) | extended specify task abnormal exit (ESTAE) | extended SQL (ESQL) | extended system queue area (ESQA) | extended time division multiple access (E-TDMA) | extended Tivoli environment | extended UNIX coded character set (EUC) | extended user dynamic storage area (EUDSA) | Extensible Hypertext Markup Language (XHTML) | Extensible Markup Language (XML) | Extensible Stylesheet Language (XSL) | extension | extent | external call interface (ECI) | external CICS interface (EXCI) | external data | external data definition | external data item | external data record | External Data Representation (XDR) | external file connector | external indicator | external line format message (ELF message) | external message queue | external object | external presentation interface (EPI) | external procedure | external response time | external routine | external security interface (ESI) | external security manager (ESM) | external storage | external switch | external symbol | external system
| external variable | externalized form | externalized query | externally described data | externally described file | extract service | extract, transform, and load (ETL) | extragrid | extranet | extrapartition | extrapartition transient data | extreme case report | EZ-Setup
F: | fabric | facsimile machine (fax machine, FAX) | factor | factory | factory method | fade in | fade out | failed flow | failover | fanout | FAP | far-end code violation | fast packet switching | fast path | fast response cache accelerator (FRCA) | fast select | fast service upgrade (FSU) | fast view | fault | fault message | fax | FAX | fax machine | FBA disk device | FBO | FC | FC Bridge | FCC | FCFC | FCMU | F-Coupler | FCS | FCT | FD | FD:OCA | FDL | FDM | FDML | FDT | FDX | feature | feature attribute | feature code | Feature Download Management (FDM) | feature-unique Licensed Internal Code (FULIC) | Federal Communications Commission (FCC) | federated attribute | federated collection | federated datastore | federated entity | federated search | federated text index | federation | feedback schema | FEPI | fetch | fetch overflow | FFDC | FFST | FFST file | FFT | Fiber Distributed Data Interface | fiber optics | Fibre Channel (FC) | Fibre Channel Bridge (FC Bridge) | fibre-channel connection (FICON) | FICON | FID | FID field | fidelity | field | field data format | field definition | field definition macro (DFHMDF) | field definition table (FDT) | field description | field group | field group number | field indicator | field line | field map | field outline | field record relation indicator | field reference file | field registration file | field selection | field tag | field-level access checking | field-level sensitivity | field-level specification | field-replaceable unit (FRU) | FIFO | figurative constant | file | file attribute conflict condition | file backout table (FBO) | file chaining | file clause | file compare and merge utility (FCMU) | file connector | file control | file control entry | file control program | file control table (FCT) | file definition | file description | file description entry | file description file | file description specification | file descriptor | file exception/error subroutine | file identifier | file information data structure (INFDS) | file key | file level specification | file list | file maintenance | file mode creation mask | file name | file name extension | file operation code | file organization | file override | file package | file package block (ftblock) | file package definition | file pointer | file position indicator | file reference function | file request thread element (FRTE) | File Section | file separator | file server I/O processor | File Services | file serving | file share | file space | file space ID (FSID) | file system | file system manager | file system spider | File Transfer Protocol (FTP) | file transfer support (FTS) | file transfer, access, and management (FTAM) | file translation | file-based content | file-owning region (FOR) | files library | fill pattern | filler line | fillet | filter | filter expression | filter interface | filter pool | filter pool reference | filter rule | filter string | filtering | FIN | final warning | final-form text (FFT) | Final-Form Text Document Content Architecture | finance communications | finance device | finance I/O manager (FIOM) | finance support | FIN-Copy | find | finder method | fine-grained authorization role | finger | fingerprint | finishing margin | finite state grammar (fsg) | finite state machine | FIOM | fire | fire status | firewall | First Failure Support Technology (FFST) | First Failure Support Technology file (FFST file) | first speaker | first warning | first-character forms control (FCFC) | first-failure data capture ( FFDC FFDC FFDC) | first-in-first-out (FIFO) | first-level folder | first-page indicator | fix | fix pack | fixed currency symbol | fixed data | fixed file attribute | fixed length | fixed pacing | fixed property | fixed session-level pacing (fixed pacing) | fixed wireless data | fixed-block architecture disk device (FBA disk device) | fixed-form | fixed-length | fixed-length string | fixed-point constant | fixed-point format | fixed-point notation | fixed-point unit (FX, FXU) | flag | flat browse | flat business object | flatten | flight recorder | float | floating bar chart | floating bar graph | floating currency symbol | floating point | floating-point constant | floating-point format | floating-point notation | flow | flow control | flow debugger | Flow Definition Markup Language (FDML) | FlowMark Definition Language (FDL) | flush left | flush right | FM | FM header | FME | FMH | FMH-5 | focal point | focus | focused | fold | folder | folder manager | folder pane | folder path | folderless document | font | font character set | font ID | font palette | font resource | footing area | FOR | for loop | force time | force-all | forced Licensed Internal Code completion | forced shutdown | foreground | foreground partition | foreign domain | Foreign Exchange Subscriber | foreign key | foreign key attribute | fork | form | form bean | form definition | form feed | form logout | form type | format | format identification field ( FID FID field) | format independence | format line | format selector | Formats and Protocols (FAP) | formatted data interface | Formatted Data Object Content Architecture (FD:OCA) | formatted diskette | formatted document | formatted system service | formatted text | form-based initiation | form-based login | form-field editing | formGroup | forms control table (FCT) | forms flash | formula | forum | forward | forward recovery | forwardable credentials | forwardable tickets | forwarder | forwarding server | forward-mapping domain | four-way breakout cable | fps | FQDN | FRACHECK request | frame | frame check sequence (FCS) | frame reject (FRMR) | frame relay | frame switching | frames per second (fps) | frameset | framework | Framework | FRCA | free float | free-form | free-form surface | freeze | frequency coupler (F-Coupler) | friend class | FRMR | front-end programming interface (FEPI) | front-end system | front-end transaction | FRR | FRTE | FRU | fsg | FSID | FSU | FTAM | ftblock | FTP | FTS | fulfillment center | FULIC | full backup | full build | full DST capability | full matching | full menus | full notebook | full procedural file | full repository | full save operation | full synchronization | full trace | full user mobility | full-motion video | full-screen editor | fullselect | full-text index | full-text search | full-valued business object | fullword binary | fully qualified domain name (FQDN) | function | function call | function check | function control sequence (FCS) | function key | function key indicator | function management data | function management end (FME) | function management header ( FMH FM header FMH) | function management profile | function name | function shipping | function SYSMOD | functional privilege | functional recovery routine (FRR) | functional unit | funds | fuse | fuzzy copy | FX | FXU
G: | G.711 | G.723 | G.723.1 | G.729A | G11N | garbage collection | gatekeeper | gateway | gateway classes | gateway daemon | gateway method | GB | Gbps | GCGID | GCS | GCSGID | GDDM | GDF | GDF file | GDS | general activity | general data stream (GDS) | General Inter-ORB Protocol (GIOP) | general log | General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) | general purpose library (QGPL) | general resource | general resource profile | General Use Programming Interface (GUPI) | generalized data stream (GDS) | generalized interactive executive (GIX) | Generalized Performance Analysis Reporting (GPAR) | generalized sequential access method (GSAM) | generate | generated course | generation feature | generation template | generic | generic alert | generic applid | generic business object | generic controller description | generic data identifier | generic envelope type | generic gate | generic key | generic name | generic profile | Generic Security Service API (GSS API) | Generic Security Services Application Programming Interface (GSS API) | geo-code | geographic mirroring | GEOS | geo-stationary Earth orbit systems (GEOS) | get | getter method | GETVIS space | GFT | GID | GIF | Gigabit Ethernet | GIOP | GIX | glare | global access checking | global attribute | Global Campus | global catalog | global catalog domain | global character | Global Directory Service (GDS) | global domain | global element | global mobile personal communications services (GMPCS) | global mutex | global name | global polling | global positioning system (GPS) | global repository | global resource serialization (GRS) | global rule | global security | Global Security Kit (GSK) | global signon (GSO) | Global System for Mobile communication (GSM) | global trace | global transaction | global trap/trace exit | global user exit | global variable | global variable pool | global work area (GWA) | global zone | globalization (G11N) | globally defined object | GLT | glyph | GMPCS | GMT | goal mode | GOCA | Gopher | GPAR | GPRS | GPS | grammar | grant functional transmission (GFT) | graph | graph format | graphic character | graphic character global identifier (GCGID) | graphic character set | graphic character set global identifier (GCSGID) | graphic character-set ID | graphic data type | graphic push button | graphic string | Graphical Data Display Manager (GDDM) | graphical interface | graphical user interface ( GUI, UI graphical interface) | graphics | graphics data format (GDF) | graphics data format file (GDF file) | graphics field | Graphics Interchange Format (GIF) | Graphics Object Content Architecture (GOCA) | graphics primitive | graphics segment | graphics symbol set | graphics text | graphics window | gray level | gray scale | gray-scale image | Greenwich mean time (GMT) | greeting | greeting header | grid | grid computing | gross lock | group | group address | group authority | group calendar | Group Control System (GCS) | group data area | group data set | group ID (GID) | group identification number (GID) | group indication | group item | group job | group job name | group job transfer | group list print descriptor | group list table (GLT) | group member | group message queue | group profile | group terminal option | group window | Groupe Special Mobile (GSM) | group-related user attribute | groupware | GRS | GSAM | GSK | gsk7ikm | GSM | GSO | GSS API | GTF | guaranteed level of service | guaranteed service | guest partition | GUI | GUI designer | guideline value | GUPI | GWA
I: | I frame | I/O | I/O adapter | I/O card Licensed Internal Code | I/O channel | I/O controller | I/O feedback area | I/O PCB | I/O processor | I/O server | IAB | IAM | IAR | IASP | I-beam pointer | IBM Agent Architecture | IBM content partner | IBM eNetwork Software (eNetwork) | IBM eServer Capacity Upgrade on Demand (CUoD) | IBM eServer On/Off Capacity on Demand (On/Off CoD) | IBM PC double-byte encoding scheme | IBM PC single-byte encoding scheme | IBM Runtime Environment for Java | IBM TotalStorage Enterprise Storage Server (ESS) | IBM WebSphere InterChange Server Access | ICAP | ICCF | ICE | ICF | ICF file | ICMP | ICMP code | ICMP service | ICMP type | icon | icons view | ICP | ICS | ID | ID resolution | IDCAMS | IDDU | IDE | iDEN | identification | Identification Division | identified user | identifier (ID) | identity assertion | identity relationship | identity token | ideographic | IDL | IDL mangled | IDLC | idle connection | IDoc domain | IDoc parser | IDP | IDU | IDUMP | IETF | IFCID | IFS | IGC | IGP | IGS | IIOP | IIOP connection | IKE | iKeyman | ILAN | ILE | ILE C | ILE COBOL | ILE RPG | ILU | IM1 | image | image area | image backup | image catalog | image catalog entry | image copy | image data stream | Image Object Content Architecture ( IOCA IOCA) | image part | image symbol set (ISS) | imaginary line | IM-ASPDU | imbedded blank | immediate command | immediate disconnection | immediate maintenance | immediate message | immediate routing | immediate shutdown | immediate start | i-mode | imperative statement | impersonation | IMPI | implement | implementation | implementation function | implementer name | implicit | implicit connection | implicit disconnection | implicit profiling | implicit scope terminator | implied semicolon | import | import agent | impression | impulsive noise | IMS | IMS command | IMS connect | IMS conversation | IMS monitor | IMS Resource Lock Manager (IRLM) | IMS transaction | IMS transaction code | IN | inaccessible | inactive connection | inactive record | inactive subfile record | inactive version | in-band | in-band discovery | inbound | inbound channel | inbound DTE attribute | inbound map | inbound message | inbound transport | in-built format | inches per second (ips) | incident | incident group | include file | include statement | incoming message | incore request queue | incremental backup | incremental build | incremental save operation | independent auxiliary storage pool (IASP) | independent data item | independent logical unit (ILU) | independent software vendor (ISV) | independent workstation | index | index class | index class subset | index data item | index key | index name | index queue | index record | index sargable predicate | index search | indexed data name | indexed organization | indexed sequential access method (ISAM) | indication | indicator | indicator variable | indices comparison analysis | indirect destination | indirect speech recognition | individual address | in-doubt | in-doubt unit of recovery | in-doubt window | in-doubt window resolution utility program | InetD | INFDS | infinity | in-flight | in-flight task | Info/Analysis | INFO/SYS | infocenter | infopop | Information and Control System (ICS) | information area | Information Assistant | information category | information center | information display | information display panel | information display parameters | information element | information frame ( I frame I frame) | Information Management System (IMS) | information mining | information repository | information roadmap | information system | Information/System (INFO/SYS) | informational message | infrared technology (IR) | inheritance | inheriting | inhibited | in-house message | initial chaining value | initial context | initial data | initial menu | initial program | initial program load ( IPL IPL) | initial reference | initial state | initial thread | initialization | initialization file | initialization input data set | initialization stall | initialize | initiate | initiation queue | initiator | inline | inline data file | i-node | input | input activity | input criteria | input field | input file | input message | input method | input mode | input node | input parameter | input partition | input paths detection analysis | input PIN-protection key | input sequence number (ISN) | input specifications | input stream | input terminal node | input/output (I/O) | input/output adapter ( IOA I/O adapter) | input/output channel (I/O channel) | input/output controller ( IOC I/O controller) | input/output data | input/output file | input/output PCB (I/O PCB) | input/output processor ( IOP I/O processor) | input/output section | input/output statement | input-translation formula | input-validation formula | inquiry | inquiry message | inquiry mode | inquiry program | INS | insert mode | insert rule | insert trigger | insertion order | Installable File System (IFS) | installable object | installable service | installation | installation device | installation directory | installation diskette | installation IPL | installation media | installation profile | installation repository (IR) | installation verification procedure (IVP) | instance | instance data | instance ID | instance method | instance parameter | instance statistics | instance variable | instant meeting | instruction | instruction address register (IAR) | instructor-led learning | instrument | instrumentation | insynch | integer | integrated | integrated development environment (IDE) | integrated file system (IFS) | Integrated Language Environment (ILE) | Integrated Language Environment C (ILE C) | Integrated Language Environment COBOL (ILE COBOL) | Integrated Language Environment RPG (ILE RPG) | integrated messaging | integrated services | Integrated Services | Integrated xSeries Adapter (IXA) | Integrated xSeries Server (IXS) | Integrated xSeries Server for iSeries | integration broker | Integration for Windows Server | Integration Object | integrity | integrity protection | intellectual capital /term> | intelligent agent | intelligent network (IN) | intelligent peripheral (IP) | intelligent peripheral interface (IPI) | Intelligent Peripheral Management Interface (IPMI) | Intelligent Printer Data Stream (IPDS) | intent scheduling | interactive | interactive data definition utility (IDDU) | interactive interface | interactive job | interactive mode | interactive partition | Interactive Problem Control System (IPCS) | interactive processing | interactive session | interactive source debugger (ISDB) | Interactive Structured Query Language (ISQL) | interactive subsystem | interactive transaction | interactive user profile | interactive video | interactive view | interactive voice response (IVR) | interapplication messaging (IAM) | interblock gap | intercept | interchange | interchange code | interchange document profile (IDP) | interchange format | interchange group separator (IGS) | InterChange repository | InterChange Server | InterChange Server repository | intercommunication | INTERCOPE TelexBox | interest item | interface | interface body | interface data unit (IDU) | interface declaration | interface definition | Interface Definition Language (IDL) | interface name | Interface Repository (IR) | interface specification | intergrid | interim fix | Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP) | interlock | intermediate assistance level | intermediate block check | intermediate representation of a program | intermediate routing function | intermediate routing node | intermediate system | intermediate system routing | intermediate-text-block character (ITB character) | internal data | internal decimal item | internal file connector | internal local area network (ILAN) | internal lock | internal microprogram instruction (IMPI) | internal object | internal rate of return | internal rate of return analysis | internal rate of return comparison analysis | internal resource lock manager | internal response time | internal routine | internal space object | internal storage | internal system journal
| internal trace | International Organization for Standardization (ISO) | International Organization for Standardization/International Electrotechnical Commission 10646 UCS-2 level 1 (ISO/IEC 10646) | International Program License Agreement (IPLA) | international standard | International Technical Support Organization (ITSO) | International Telecommunication Union Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) | internationalization | internationalized | internet | Internet | Internet Architecture Board (IAB) | Internet Calendar Access Protocol (ICAP) | Internet client | Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) | Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) | Internet Inter-ORB Protocol (IIOP) | Internet Key Exchange (IKE) | Internet Management Specification (IMS) | Internet Message Access Protocol | Internet name | Internet Packet Exchange (IPX) | Internet Protocol (IP) | Internet Protocol address | Internet screenphone | Internet Security Association and Key Management Protocol (ISAKMP) | Internet server | Internet server application programming interface (ISAPI) | Internet service provider (ISP) | Internet site document | Internet suite of protocols | Internetwork Packet Exchange (IPX) | Internetwork Packet Exchange protocol (IPX protocol) | Internetwork Packet Exchange Support | interoperability | Interoperable Naming Service (INS) | interoperable object reference (IOR) | interpreter | interprocess communication ( IPC IPC) | interrecord-separator character (IRS) | interregion communication (IRC) | interrupt | interruptible process | interservice communication | intersystem communication (ISC) | Intersystem Communications Environment (ICE) | intersystem communications function (ICF) | intertask communication | inter-transaction affinity | interval control | interval control element (ICE) | interval control program (ICP) | interval statistics | intra frame | intragrid | intranet | in-transit flow | intrapartition destination | intrapartition transient data (TD) | intrarecord data structure | intrasystem communications | intrinsic | introspector | intrusion detection system | INVALID KEY condition | invalidation | invariant | invariant character set | in-vehicle information system (IVIS) | inventory allocation | inventory allocation against expected inventory | inventory condition | inventory data handler | inventory on hand | inventory receipt | inventory reservation | inventory sharing arrangement | inverse | inverted HDLC | invite-program-device operation | invocation | invocation credential | invoker attribute | I-O control | I-O mode | I-O status | IO1 | IOA | IOC | IOCA | IOP | IOP-level partitioning | IOR | IP | IP address (Internet Protocol address) | IP datagram | IP filter | IP message | IP multicast | IP over IPX | IP over SNA | IP packet security | IP phone call | IP Security Architecture (IPSec) | IPC | IPCS | IPDS | IPF | IPF file | IPI | IPI-3 | IPL | IPLA | IPMI | IPMI controller | ips | IPSec | IPX | IPX circuit | IPX protocol | IR | IRC | IRLM | IRS | IS-95 | ISAKMP | ISAM | ISAPI | ISC | iSCSI | ISDB | ISDN | ISDN data link control (IDLC) | ISDN two B-channel transfer | ISDN-UP | iSeries Access asynchronous communications | iSeries Access for Windows | iSeries Advanced Application Architecture | iSeries BASIC | iSeries Developer Kit for Java | iSeries Directory Services | iSeries environment | iSeries for Domino | iSeries Navigator | iSeries NetServer | iSeries object | iSeries PL/I | iSeries project | iSeries resource | iSeries server | iSeries Support Family of Services | iSeries Support for Windows Network Neighborhood | iSeries System/38 Migration Aid | iSeries Toolbox for Java | ISN | ISN acknowledgment | ISO | ISO 4217 | ISO 9660 | ISO model | ISO/IEC 10646 | isochronous | isolation | isolation checking | isolation level | ISP | ISPF | ISQL | ISS | issuer | ISUP | ISV | ITB character | item | item descriptor | item type | item type classification | iteration | iterator | ITF | ITR | ITSO | ITU-2000 | ITU-T | IVIS | IVP | IVR | IXA | IXS
J : | J2EE | J2EE application | J2EE Connector architecture (JCA) | J2EE environment file | J2EE Request Profiler | J2EE server | J2SDK, Standard Edition | J2SE | JAAS | Jacl | Jamo | Japanese basic-Kanji character set | Japanese dictionary | Japanese double-byte character set | Japanese extended-Kanji character set | Japanese non-Kanji character set | JAR |
| JAX | JAX-RPC | JBOD | JCA | JCDK | JCE | JCL | JCT | JDBC | JDBC connection filter | JDC | JDK | JES | Jetspeed | JID | Jini | JIT
| jitter | JMS | JMS domain | JNDI | JNI | job | job accounting | job action | job classification | job control authority | job control language (JCL) | job date | job description | Job Entry Subsystem (JES) | job log | job message queue | job name | job owner | job property | job queue | job report | job schedule | job schedule entry | job schedule function | job scheduler | job stream | job window | join | join field | join level specification | join logical file | join test | Joint Photographic Experts Group ( JPEG JPEG) | journal | journal code | journal control | journal control table (JCT) | journal entry | journal entry type | journal identifier (JID) | journal key | journal service | journaling | JPEG | JRas | JRE | JSP | JSP file | JSP page | JSSE | Julian date | jump out | jumper | junction | jurisdiction | Just a Bunch of Disks (JBOD) | justify
| JVM | JVMPI
K: | Kanji | Katakana | Kb | KB | kbps | K-byte | KDC | KDS | keep-alive | Kerberos | kernel | kernel domain | Kernel Linkage | kernel thread | key | key attribute | key authentication | key class | key database file | key distribution center (KDC) | key entry area | key field | key field level specification | key file | key of reference | key pad | key pad mapping | key pair | key policy | key repository | key ring | key ring file | key schedule | key server | key stroke interface | key system | key table | key translation | key value pair | key/think time | keyboard mapping | keyboard profile | keyboard shift | keyboard style | keyboard type | key-controlled storage protection | keyed compliance | keyed data queue | keyed sequence | keyed sequence access path | Keyed-Hashing Message Authentication Code (HMAC) | key-encrypting key | keylock feature | keylock switch | keypoint | keypoint directory element (KPDE) | key-sequenced data set (KSDS) | keystore file | keystring |
| Kilovolt ampere (kVA) | kiosk mode | kiosk services | kit | KM | K-map | K-map building service | K-map creation | K-map editor | K-map indexing service | Knowledge Discovery System (KDS) | knowledge factory | knowledge management (KM) | Knowledge Map (K-map) | Korean double-byte character set | Korean Hangeul character set | Korean Hanja character set | Korean non-Hangeul/non-Hanja character set | KPDE | KSDS | K-station | kVA
L: | L10N | L2TP | L2TP access concentrator (LAC) | L2TP network server (LNS) | label | labeled duration | LABP | LAC | LADN | LAK | lame delegation | LAN | LAN cache | LAN emulation (LE) | LAN emulation client (LEC) | LAN emulation configuration server (LECS) | LAN emulation server (LES) | LAN Requester | LAN Server | LAN support program | LAN-free data movement | language attribute | Language Environment for VSE/ESA | language ID | language identifier (language ID) | language load ID | language load identification (language load ID) | language model | language profile | LANGUAGE segment | language-sensitive editing | LAP | LAPD | large message | large object | large queue element | last agent optimization | last agent pending (LAP) | last record indicator | last-in first-out (LIFO) | latch | latency | launch configuration | launchpad | layer | layer entity (LE) | layer service | Layer Two Tunneling Protocol (L2TP) | layout box | layout manager | layout region | lazy write | LBR | LC message | LDAP | LDAP Data Interchange Format (LDIF) | LDAP directory | LDAP Directory Interchange Format (LDIF) | LDAP service | ldapdelete | ldapmodify | ldapmodrdn | ldapsearch | LDC | LDIF | LDS | LE | leader | leaf | learning management system (LMS) | learning object | learning portal | LearningSpace | LearningSpace - Virtual Classroom | lease | LEC | LECS | legend | Lempel-Ziv (LZ) | LEN node | length attribute | lenient distribution | LEO | LES | letterhead | level checking | level indicator | level of service | level-number | level-zero entry | LFSID | librarian | library | library client | library control sector | library descriptions file | library list | library lookaside (LLA) | library name | library name space | library object | library routine | library server | library user ASP | library-assigned document name (LADN) | license | License Authorization Code (LAC) | license server | license term | Licensed Internal Code | Licensed Internal Code fix | licensed program (LP) | licensed program offering (LPO) | licensed program product (LPP) | LICS | LID | LIFO | LIFO storage | lightness | Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) | Lightweight Third Party Authentication ( LTPA LTPA) | like | LIL | Lilian date | limited capability | limited meeting | limits file | limits record | LINAGE-COUNTER | line | line chart | line code violation | line command | line configuration | line control character | line counter specifications | line data | line description | line error | line graph | line number | line pool | line printer | line printer daemon (LPD) | line printer queue (LPQ) | line printer removal (LPRM) | line printer requester (LPR) | line set | line traffic | line transmission termination (LT) | linear logging | lines per inch (lpi) | linguistic conversion | link | link access procedure (LAP) | Link Access Procedure-Balanced (LABP) | link access procedure-D-channel (LAPD) | link access protocol for the D-channel (LAPD) | link edit part | link level | link level security | link name | link pack area (LPA) | link pending | Link Problem Determination Aid (LPDA) | Link Problem Determination Aid-1 (LPDA-1) | Link Problem Determination Aid-2 (LPDA-2) | link protocol | link protocol converter (LPC) | link security | linkage editor | linkage options part | linkage properties file | Linkage Section | Linux | Linux for S/390 | Linux on zSeries | liquidity saving payment | list | list box | list edit mode | list entry handle | list ID | list ID qualifier | list price | list view | LISTCAT | listener | listener port | list-of-groups checking | literal | literal pattern | literal string | Literal XML | little endian | live session | live virtual classroom | LLA | LLC | LLC protocol | LMBCS | LMDS | LMI | LMS | LMS server | LN:DO | LNK | LNP | LNS | load | load balancing | load font equivalence | load identifier | load library | load module | load object | loadable implementation library (LIL) | loaded | loader | loader domain | load-source disk unit | lobe | local | local address | local agent | local application entity | local application process | local area network (LAN) | local authentication | local bus adapter | local catalog | local catalog domain | local CMAS | local console | local controller | local data area | local database | local definition | local definition of a remote queue | local device | local DL/I | local domain name | local environment | local error log | local exchange carrier (LEC) | local history | local home interface | local identifier (LID) | local location address | local location name | local management interface (LMI) | local manager | local mode | Local Multipoint Distribution Service (LMDS) | local network address | local network entity title | local node | local NSAP | local NSAP address | local number portability (LNP) | local optical link card | local OSI network configuration | local presentation address | local queue | local queue manager | local registration file (LRF) | local repository | local request queue | local resource | local service provider | local service requester | local session identification (LSID) | local shared resource (LSR) | local space object | local system | local system queue area (LSQA) | local transaction | local transaction containment (LTC) | local variable | local work area | local workstation | locale | local-end code violation | local-form session identifier (LFSID) | locality of reference | localization (L10N) | localized | locally defined object | location | location definition | location definition template | location document | location specification query | location specification report | lock | lock manager domain | lock state | locked | locked keyboard | locked set | log | log control file | log file | log in | log manager | log on | log out | log record | log record sequence number (LRSN) | log structured array (LSA) | log year | logarithm | logarithmic axis | logged-on operator | logger | logging | logging agent | logging bean | logging level | logging tools | logic | logic part | logical channel | logical data stream (LDS) | logical database | logical device component (LDC) | logical expression | logical file | logical file member | logical I/O | logical interface | Logical Link Control (LLC) | Logical Link Control protocol (LLC protocol) | logical message | logical occupancy | logical operator | logical order | logical page | logical partition ( LP LPAR LP LPAR) | logical partition firmware | logical partitioning (LPAR) | logical record | logical recovery | logical redundancy check (LRC) | logical resource | logical terminal (LT) | logical terminal table (LTT) | logical unit ( LU LU) | logical unit 6.2 ( LU 6.2 LU 6.2) | logical unit number (LUN) | logical unit of work ( LUW LUW) | logical unit of work identifier (LUWID) | logical unit of work state (LUW state) | logical volume | Logical Volume Manager (LVM) | login acknowledgment message (LAK) | login name | login negative acknowledgment message (LNK) | Logistics Manager | logmode table | logname | logo | logon mode table | long comment | long format | long running mirror | long string | long unit of work identifier (long UOW ID) | long UOW ID | long-form identifier | longitudinal redundancy check | lookahead field | look-aside query | lookup relationship | loop | loopback address | Lotus Domino for iSeries (Domino for iSeries) | Lotus international character set (LICS) | Lotus multibyte character set (LMBCS) | Lotus Notes:Data Object (LN:DO) | Lotus Workflow Architect | Lotus Workflow Engine | Lotus Workflow Viewer | LotusObject | LotusScript | LotusScript Data Object (LS:DO) | low earth orbit (LEO) | low-entry networking node (LEN node) | LP | LPA | LPAR | LPC | LPD | LPDA | LPDA-1 | LPDA-2 | LPEX Editor | lpi | LPO | LPP | LPQ | LPR | LPRM | LR message | LRC | LRF | LRSN | LS:DO | LSA | LSID | LSQA | LSR | LT | LT name | LTC | LTPA | LTT | LU | LU 6 | LU 6.1 | LU 6.2 | LU 6.2 conversation | LU 6.2 conversation level security | LU 6.2 session | LU conversation (LUC) | LU group | LU type 0 (LU0) | LU type 1 | LU type 2 (LU2) | LU type 3 (LU3) | LU type 4 (LU4) | LU type 6 (LU 6) | LU type 6.1 (LU 6.1) | LU type 6.2 | LU0 | LU2 | LU3 | LU4 | LUC | LUC task | Luhn formula | LU-LU session | LU-LU session type 0 | LU-LU session type 1 | LU-LU session type 2 | LU-LU session type 3 | LU-LU session type 4 | LU-LU session type 6.2 | LU-LU session type 7 | LUN | LUN masking | luname | LUSTAT | LUW | LUW state | LUWID | lvalue | LVM | LZ
R: | RA | RACE | RACF | RACF database | RACF report writer | RACF segment | RACF-protected | RACHECK request | RACINIT request | rack | rack configuration list | rack stabilizer | RACL | RACROUTE | RAD | radio button | radio frequency (RF) | radix-tree index | RAI | RAIA | RAID | RAID-5 | rail | RAM | random access | random access memory (RAM) | Random Automated Cartridge Loader (RACL) | random by key | random by relative record number | random number | random processing | randomization | rank | rapid application development (RAD) | RAR | RAS | raster pattern | rating bean | rational number | raw metrics | RBA | RBR | RBS | RC | RC message | RC5 | RCB | RCD | RCMS | RCS | RCT | RDB | RDB directory | RDBMS | RDBMS Interface Module (RIM) | RDM | RDN | RDO | RDSA | RE | read access list | read authority | read cache device (RCD) | read integrity | read intent | read operation | read stability | read/execute authority | read/write authority | read/write head | read/write/execute authority | reader | reader access | read-from-invited-program-devices operation | read-from-one-program-device operation | read-only dynamic storage area (RDSA) | read-only mode | ready | Ready for IBM Tivoli software | ready queue | ready to send | real object | real storage | real time | Real Time Streaming Protocol (RTSP) | realm | realm name | realm trust | real-time | real-time analysis (RTA) | real-time gross settlement system (RTGS) | real-time learning | Real-Time Transport Protocol (RTP) | reason code | reassembly | reassign | reassignment | reattach | reattachment queue | rebalance | rebind | rebuild maintenance | recall | receive exit | receive mode | receive not ready (RNR) | receive ready (RR) | receive timeout | receive-any control element (RACE) | receive-any input area (RAIA) | received line signal detector (RLSD) | receiver | Receiver | receiver bean | receiver chain | receiver chain break | receiver channel | receiver directory | receiving cross-domain key | receptacle | recipient address | recipient history tree | Recognition Engine server | recognition profile | recognition table | recombining | Recommendation X.21 (X.21) | Recommendation X.21 bis | Recommendation X.31 | RECON data sets | record | record address file | record area | record control byte (RCB) | record description entry | record format | record format definition | record format description | record ID code | record identification code (record ID code) | record identifying indicator | record key | record layout | record name | record number | record relocation vector table (RRV table) | record selection | record separator | record type | recorded session | recorded telephone conference call | record-level specifications | recoverability | recoverable in-doubt structure (RIS) | recoverable resource | recoverable service element (RSE) | recoverable service table (RST) | recovery | recovery control data sets (RECON data sets) | recovery domain | recovery library | recovery log | recovery log data set (RLDS) | recovery manager | recovery point | recovery policy | recovery routine | recovery termination manager (RTM) | recovery token | recurring time interval | recursion | recursion level | recursive | recursive mutex | recursive procedure | recursive program | rediscovery | REDO | reduce |
| Redundant Array of Independent Disks (RAID) | reentrable | reentrance | reentrant | refactor | reference | reference code | reference code translation table | reference format | reference frame | reference line | reference message | reference model | reference modification | reference modifier | reference modify | reference phrase | reference set | reference store | referenced window record | reference-valued business object | referential constraint | referential cycle | referential integrity | referral | referral number | reflective marker | refresh pack | refund | region | region-remote | register | registered customer | registered enterprise-unique identifier | registered filter | registered name | registered user | registration | registry | registry database | Registry Editor | registry hive | regular command | REJ | reject (REJ) | rejection | rejoin | relation | relational character | relational checking | relational condition | relational data | relational database (RDB) | relational database management system (RDBMS) | relational expression | relational operator | relationship | relationship definition | Relationship Designer | relationship instance | relationship instance ID | relationship role | relationship table | relative byte address (RBA) | relative data | relative distinguished name ( RDN RDN) | relative end position | relative file number | relative key | relative organization | relative path name | relative positional pattern | relative record data set ( RRDS RRDS) | relative record number (RRN) | relative-name format | relative-size pie | relaxed consistency | relay agent | relay node | relay open system | relay program | relay transaction | release | release consistency | release lever | Release Link Trunk (RLT) | release token | released state | release-program-device operation | relevance ranking | reliability | reliable transfer server (RTS) | REM | remote | Remote Abstract Window Toolkit for Java | Remote Access Dial-In User Service | Remote Access Service | remote agent | remote alarm indication (RAI) | remote application entity | remote application process | remote authentication | remote bus adapter | remote change management server (RCMS) | remote console (RCS) | remote control panel | remote control proxy | remote controller | remote database | remote device | remote directory access | remote directory service | remote directory system agent | remote DL/I | remote equipment | remote extension (RE) | remote file system | remote home interface | remote input/output (RIO) | remote interface | remote job entry | remote journal network | remote LDAP directory | remote location name | remote manager | remote MAS | remote method | Remote Method Invocation ( RMI RMI) | remote mode (RPC) | remote name server | remote network address | remote node | remote NSAP | Remote OSE | remote presentation address | remote primary Domino directory | remote printer queue | remote procedure call (RPC) | remote project | remote queue | remote queue manager | remote queue object | remote queuing | remote resource | remote service requester | Remote Spooling Communications Subsystem (RSCS) | remote system | Remote System Explorer (RSE) | remote terminal access method (RTAM) | remote unit of work (RUOW) | remote workstation | remote writer | removable media | remove method | render | renewable tickets | repeat to address (RA) | repeatable | repeatable read | repeatable sequence | repeater | repeater range | repertoire | repetitive DO loop | replacement file | replica | replica ID | replicate | replicate node | replicated subtree | replication | replication agreement | replication conflict | replication entry | replication monitor | replicator | reply message | reply-to address | reply-to queue | report | report break | report context | report definition | report layout utility (RLU) | report line | report message | Report Program Generator (RPG) | report prototype | reporting node | repository | repository queue manager | repository table | repository utility | request | request business object | request for price quotation (RPQ) | request for quote (RFQ) | request functional transmission | request header ( RH RH) | request message | request microphone mode | request parameter list (RPL) | request queue | request queue handler (RQH) | request unit (RU) | request/reply | request/response interaction | request/response unit (RU) | requested reset statistics | requested statistics | requester | requester channel | requesting region | required hyphen | reroute | reseller | reservation | ReSerVation Protocol (RSVP) | reserve | reserved inventory | reserved memory | reserved word | reset (RST) | residence mode | resident | residual error | resilient | resilient application | resilient resource | RESLEVEL | resolution | resolution path | resolve | resolved import | resource | resource adapter | resource adapter archive (RAR) | resource and role leveling analysis | resource associations part | resource availability analysis | resource availability for duration analysis | resource availability for duration report | resource availability report | resource bundle | resource catalog | resource collection | resource control table (RCT) | resource cost analysis | resource cost comparison analysis | resource cost report | resource definition | resource definition macro (RDM) | resource definition online ( RDO RDO) | resource definition template | resource element | resource engine | resource environment reference | resource error counters | resource group | resource group class | resource group profile | resource hierarchy | resource instance | Resource Interchange File Format (RIFF) | resource level | resource management | resource management utility (RMU) | resource manager | resource manager cache | resource manager interface (RMI) | resource manager local transaction (RMLT) | resource member class | resource model | resource name | resource object | Resource Object Data Manager (RODM) | resource profile | resource property | resource protection | resource record (RR) | Resource Recovery Services (RRS) | resource region | resource reservation setup protocol | resource role | resource roles analysis | resource roles report | resource security | resource specification query | resource specification report | resource tables | resource times comparison analysis | resource type | resource utilization analysis | resources costs analysis | resources costs report | responder | response | response business object | response document | response file | response header (RH) | response indicator | response level | response mode | response time | response time monitor | response unit ( RU RU) | responsive | rest page | restart | restart data set (RSD) | restart in place | restore | restricted meeting | restricted place | restricted state | restriping | Restructured Extended Executor (REXX) | RESULT | result | result column | result field | result set | result state | result table | result tree | resulting indicator | results | resume | resume cursor | resume pending state | resume point | resuming state | resynch | resynchronization | resynchronize | retail communications | retail controller | retail file conversion system | retail pass-through | RETAIN | retained publication | retention | retract | retrieve | RetrieveDoc servlet | retrofit | retry | return | return code | return code equate | return indicator | return merchandise authorization | Returns Administrator | return-to-sender | retype verification | Reusable Asset Specification (RAS) | reusable element | reverse charging | reverse image | reverse map | reverse mapping domain | reverse proxy | reverse-interrupt character (RVI character) | revert | revisable-form text (RFT) | Revisable-Form-Text Document Content Architecture (RFTDCA) | revoke count | rewind | REXX | REXX/400 | REXX/400 interpreter | RF | RFQ | RFQ response | RFT | RFTDCA | RH | rich site summary (RSS) | rich-text field | RIFF | right adjust | right justify | rights | RIM | RIM object | RIM repository | ring error monitor (REM) | ring management (RMT) | ring server topology | RIO | RIP | RIS | risk correlation | RJE | RLDS | RLE | RLSD | RLT | RLU | RMF | RMI | RMI server | RMLT | RMT | RMU | RNR | robot | RODM | role | role activation | role assignment | role mapping | role qualified resource analysis | role qualified resource report | role specification query | role specification report | role-based authorization | roll back | rollback | rollback required (RBR) | rollup rule | root activity | root administrator | root component | root directory | root domain | root file system | root folder | root group | root node | root organization | root path | root server | roster | rotary dial | rotational position sensing (RPS) | rotor | round-trip conversion | round-trip time | route | route list | route metrics | router | router exit | Router Information Protocol (RIP) | routine | routine-name | routing | routing data | routing entry | routing file | routing region | routing relation | routing step | routing table | routing transaction | row | RPC | RPG | RPG Java method call | RPL | RPQ | RPS | RQH | RR | RRDS | RRN | RRS | RRV table | RS-310 | RSA | RSA encryption | RSCS | RSD | RSE | RSHUTD | RSS | RST | RSVP | RTA | RTAM | RTGS | RTGS-E | RTGS-Express (RTGS-E) | RTGS-L | RTGS-Liquidity Savings (RTGS-L) | RTGSplus | RTM | RTP | RTS | RTSP | RU | RU chain | rule | rule action | rule base | rule editor | rule mapping | rule service | rule set | rule trigger | rules file | rules table | rules-based personalization | RUMBA/400 | run | Run On Server | run time | run unit | RunAs role | runaway task | run-length encoding ( RLE RLE) | run-time array | run-time defaults | run-time environment | run-time table | RUOW | RVI character | RVX
S: | S reference point | S/MIME | S/T interface | SA | SAA | SAA communications interface | SAA resource recovery interface | SABM | SABME | SAF | SAG | sale | sales catalog | Sales Manager | SAM | Sametime | Sametime Connect | Sametime discussion | Sametime link | Sametime online meeting center | Sametime TeamRoom | sample line | sample program | sample statistics program (DFHOSTAT) | sample store | sample store archive | SAN | SAP | SAP selector | SAR | SAR file format | SAS | SASL | saturation | save | save conflict | save file | save storage | save system authority | save/restore media | save-while-active operation | SAVSYS tape | SBA | SBCS | SBCS data | SCADA | SCADA device protocol (MQIsdp) | scalability | scalable | Scalable Parallel 2 (SP2) | Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG) | scalar | scalar function | scale | scale factor | scale line | scaling | scan line | scanner | scatter plot | SCB | SCbus | SCCP | scenario | scenario tree | schedule | scheduled items | scheduled job | scheduled meeting | scheduled offering | scheduled routing | scheduler | scheduler agent | scheduler work area (SWA) | scheduling intent | scheduling order | scheduling parameter | scheduling policy | schema | SCM | scope | scope of control | scoping | SCORM | SCOS | SCP | SCPF | SCPF job | scrapbook | scratch volume | scratchpad area (SPA) | screen | screen capture | screen customization | screen design aid (SDA) | screen edit mode | screen editor | screen file | screen import | screen page | screen reader | screen recognition | screen recognition criteria | screen sharing | screen state | screen view | screened transfer | screen-image interface | script | script language | scripting | scriptlet | scroll | scroll bar | scrollable cursor | SCS | SCSA | SCSI | SDA | sdb | SDC | SDDM | SDF | SDI | SDK | SDL | SDLC | SDO | SDSA | SDSL | SDT | SDU | SDWA | SDY | search argument | search condition | search criteria | search handle | search index | search index database | search path | search template | search value | seat | secondary axis | secondary directory | secondary disk pool | secondary domain | secondary Domino directory | secondary file | secondary index | secondary language | secondary link | secondary logical partition (secondary partition) | secondary logical unit (SLU) | secondary name server | secondary part | secondary partition | secondary referential constraint | secondary system name | secondary system name table | secondary thread | secondary window | section | sector | secure | Secure Association Service (SAS) | secure chat | Secure Electronic Transaction (SET) | Secure Hypertext Transfer Protocol | Secure Internet Protocol Network | secure meeting | secure network | secure server | Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) | secure/MIME (S/MIME) | SecureWay Directory | security | security administration | security administrator authority | Security Association (SA) | security category | security classification | security constraint | security context | security domain | security DST capability | security enabling interface (SEI) | security exit | security group | security identifier | security label | security level | security manager domain | security mechanism | security message | security officer | security permission | security policy | Security Policy Index (SPI) | security registry | security role | security role reference | security service | Security Support Provider Interface (SSI) | security token | security-relevant | seed | seed file | seek | segment | segment ID number | segment search argument (SSA) | segmenting | segment-number | SEI | seion | select | select function | select/omit field | select/omit level specifications | selection border | selection character | selection entry | selection field | selection list | selective backup | selective prompting | selector | self test | self-check digit | self-check field | self-configuring | self-declared affinity | self-defining element | self-defining message | self-directed learning | self-healing | self-optimizing | self-paced learning | self-protecting | self-referencing row | self-referencing table | self-registration | Seller | Seller Administrator | semantic type | semantics | semaphore | semaphore adjustment value | semaphore set | semicolon | send and forget | send depth | send exit | send time | sender bean | sender channel | sending cross-domain key | senior role | sense data | sensitivity | sensor | sensor event adapter | sentence | separate search space | separator | sequence | sequence checking | sequence errors | sequence number | sequence number wrap value | sequence page | Sequenced Packet Exchange protocol (SPX) | sequential access | sequential access method (SAM) | sequential consistency | sequential data set | sequential data set input (SDI) | sequential data set output (SDO) | sequential data set system printer (SDY) | sequential organization | sequential processing | sequential-by-key processing | sequential-within-limits processing | serial device | serial line | Serial Line Internet Protocol (SLIP) | serial port | serial search | Serial Storage Architecture (SSA) | serialization | serializer | serially reusable | series definition table (SDT) | server | server certificate | server channel | server command | server configuration | server connection | server connection channel type | server definition | Server Display Control (SDC) | server document | server firmware | server implementation object | server instance | server inventory | server IPL | Server Message Block | server migration | server node | server program | server project | server setup profile | server task | server type definition | server-based certification authority | server-based routing | server-free data movement | server-side | server-side include | service | service access point (SAP) | service action log | Service Advertising Protocol (SAP) | service alias | service authority | service bundle | service call failure | service call request | service call response | service class | service code | service control point (SCP) | service data unit (SDU) | service definition | service description | service details query | service details report | service element | service elements | service functions | service information octet (SIO) | service input queue | service interface queue | service interval | service level | service level agreement (SLA) | service level objective (SLO) | service level specification | service library | Service Location Protocol (SLP) | service message | service node | service pack | service policy | service primitive | service processor | service program | service project | service provider | service provider equipment (SPE) | service representative basic user profile | service representative user profile | service request | service request block (SRB) | service requester | service specification query | service specification report | service statistics query | service statistics report | service ticket | service tools | service tools device ID | service tools server | service tools user ID | service user | service work block (SWB) | services | servlet | servlet container | servlet filtering | servlet mapping | servo | servomechanism (servo) | session | session affinity | session bean | session connection | session default | session description | session files library | session functional unit | session ID | session key | session layer | session level authentication | session level cryptography | session limit | session monitor | session object | session profile | session qualifier pair | session recovery | session security | SESSION segment | session setup failure notification (SSFN) | session statistics file | session version | session-layer protocol data unit (SPDU) | session-layer service access point (SSAP) | session-layer service data unit (SSDU) | session-level security | SET | set and test sequence number (STSN) | set asynchronous balanced mode (SABM) | set asynchronous balanced mode extended (SABME) | set buffer address (SBA) | set normal response mode (SNRM) | set services | setter method | settings | settings view | settle | set-top box | setup program | SEU | severity code | severity level | SF record (subfield record) | SGML | SH | SHA | shadow | shadow log | shadowing | shaping | Sharable Content Object Reference Model (SCORM) | share lock | shared access path | shared area | shared database | shared drive | shared dynamic storage area (SDSA) | shared field | shared file | shared frame | shared inbound channel | shared library file | shared lock | shared mail | shared memory | shared memory segment | shared outbound channel | shared partition | shared place | shared port | shared processor pool | shared queue | shared record format | shared repository | shared storage | shared storage pool | shared submap | shared view | shared virtual area (SVA) | shared window | shared/secret key cryptography | shared-for-read lock state | shared-for-update lock state | shared-no-update lock state | shared-weight sort sequence | sharing | shear | shell | shell script | shift | shift control character | shift-in character | shift-out character | shift-out/shift-in (SO/SI) | shim | shippable terminal | shipping carrier | SHM | shopper | shopping cart | shopping currency | shopping language | short format | short frame | short frame errors | short interface | short menus | Short Message Service (SMS) | short message service center (SMSC) | short notebook | short string | short unit of work identifier (short UOW ID) | short UOW ID | shortest path | short-form identifier | short-hold mode (SHM) | short-on-storage (SOS) | short-path transformer | show cause | shred | shunted | SHUTC | SHUTD | shutdown | sibling document | side information | SIF | SiGe | SIGL | sign | sign condition | sign off | sign on | signal | signal cable | Signal Computing bus (SCbus) | Signal Computing System Architecture (SCSA) | signal handler | signal safe | signaled error | signaling | signaling connection control part (SCCP) | signaling information field (SIF) | signaling link code (SLC) | signaling link selection (SLS) | signaling mode | signaling point | signaling process | signaling protocol | Signaling System 7 (SS7) | signature | signature bank | signature package | signer certificate | significand | significant digit | signon | signon capable terminal | signon table (SNT) | signon table terminal entry (SNTTE) | signon transaction program | silence | silent installation | silicon-germanium technology (SiGe) | Silicon-On-Insulator (SOI) | SIM | SIMM | simple attribute | Simple Authentication and Security Layer (SASL) | simple condition | simple connection | simple identity relationship | simple list | Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) | simple name | Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) | Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP) | simple repetitive loop | simple rule | simple symbol | simple type | simplex | Simplified Chinese | Simplified Chinese double-byte character set | Simplified Chinese non-Chinese character set | Simplified Chinese primary character set | Simplified Chinese secondary character set | Simplified Message Desk Interface (SMDI) | Simplified Message Service Interface (SMSI) | simulation | simultaneous | sine | single authorization | single bus connection | single copy object store (SCOS) | single inline memory module (SIMM) | single logging | single point of control | single port sharing | single precision | single session | single set | single signon ( SSO SSO) | single system image (SSI) | single system sysplex | single threading | single-byte character set (SBCS) | single-byte coded font (single-byte font) | single-byte font | single-cardinality attribute | single-choice selection field | single-choice selection list | single-level wild card | single-MVS environment | single-phase backout | single-phase commit | single-process installation | single-selection field | single-thread test | singleton | singleton factory | single-VSE environment | sink | SIO | SIT | site | Site Administrator | site certificate | site primary node | sizing border | skeleton | skew | skin | SKU | SLA | SLC | SLDS | slice label | slide | slider | SLIP | SLO | slot | SLP | SLS | SLU | SLU P | SLU2 | SMAE | Small Computer System Interface ( SCSI SCSI) | small integer | small programming enhancement (SPE) | small queue element | SMAPP | smart phone | SmartSet | SMDI | SMF | SMF header | SMF product section | SMIT | smoothness of curve | SMP | SMP/E | SMS | SMSC | SMSI | SMSVSAM | SMTP | SNA |
| SNA backbone | SNA character string (SCS) | SNA distribution services | SNA gateway | SNA network | SNA pass-through | SNA Primary LU2 Support (SPLS) | SNA remote job entry (RJE) | SNA report code | SNA sense data | SNA topology manager (SNATM) | SNA/File Services | SNA/FS | SNA/Management Services Transport | SNA/MS Transport | SNADS | SNADS receiver | SNADS router | SNADS sender | snap dump | snap-in | snap-in provided information (SPIN) | SNASVCMG mode name | SNATM | SNBU | sniffing | SNL | SNMP | SNMP agent | SNMP manager | SNRM | SNT | SNTTE | SNUF | SO/SI | SOAP | SOAP encoding | Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunication (SWIFT) | socket | socket address | socket API | socket application programming interface (socket API) | Sockets Secure ( SOCKS SOCKS) | sockets server | SOCKS | SOCKS server | softcopy | software | software configuration management (SCM) | Software Delivery and Fulfillment (SDF) | software development kit (SDK) | software license key | Software Management Services (SMS) | software package | software package block | software package definition | SOH | SOH character | SOI | solution | sort file | sort sequence | sort sequence table | sort utility | sorted search | sort-merge file description entry | SOS | source | source address | source catalog entry | source data queue program | source debugger | source directory | source distributed data manager (SDDM) | source entry utility (SEU) | source file | source listing | source member | source overlay | source physical file | source program | source queue manager | source release | source server | source service access point (SSAP) | source statement | source system | source temporary store (STS) | source tree | source type | SP commands | SP2 | SPA | space | space management | spacebar | SPACK | spam | spammer | spamming | span | span check | spanned record | spawn | SPCN | SPD | SPD bus | SPDU | SPE | speaker-dependent speech recognition | speaker-independent speech recognition | special authority | special character | special register | special text | special variable | special-character keyboard set | special-character word | special-subject | specific applid | specific authority | specific gate | specific poll | specific polling | specification | Specification 1170 | specification X.21 (X.21) | spectator | speech recognition | Speech Recognition Control Language (SRCL) | speech recognition session | speech synthesis | spell mode | sphere of control | SPI | spider | spider label | SPIN | spin button | splash screen | split | splitting | SPLS | spoofing | spool | spool access support (SAS) | spool control authority | spooled file | spooling | spooling job | spooling reader | spooling subsystem | spooling writer | spot mapping | SPUFI | SPX | SQA | SQL | SQL application manager (SQLAM) | SQL communication area (SQLCA) | SQL descriptor area (SQLDA) | SQL Processor Using File Input (SPUFI) | SQL query | SQL/DS | SQLAM | SQLCA | SQLDA | SQLJ | SR-ASPDU | SRB | SRC | SRCB | SRCL | SRF | SRL | SRM | SRM database object | SRT | SS | SS7 | SSA | SSAP | SSAP selector | SSCP | SSCP ID | SSDU | SSFN | SSI | SSI-compliant custom server | SSI-tolerant custom server | SSL | SSL authentication | SSLight | SSO | SST | stack | stack frame | stacked icon | staff activity | staging | staging area | staging server | stale | stale copy status | stand-alone dump | stand-alone system | standard connector configuration properties | standard data format | standard error ( STDERR STDERR) | Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML) | standard input (STDIN) | standard label | standard output (STDOUT) | standard properties | standard set | stanza | star schema | star-connected communications network | start data traffic (SDT) | start node | start time | start-control-program-function job ( SCPF SCPF job) | started transaction | starter set | start-of-day processing | start-of-header character ( SOH SOH character) | start-of-text character ( STX STX character) | start-stop (SS) | startup | startup job stream | state | state change | state table | state table action | state transition | state variable | stateful | stateful session bean | stateless | stateless session bean | statement | static | static analysis | static bind | static data | static kit | static method | static mode | static NAT | static network address translation (static NAT) | static partition | static procedure call | static program call | static route | static SQL | static storage | static text | static transaction routing | static Web pages | static Web project | station address | station protector | statistics domain | statistics utility program (DFHSTUP STUP) | status | status area | status bar | status line | status monitor | STDERR | STDIN | STDOUT | stem | step | step-up authentication | sticky pool | still frame | stock keeping unit (SKU) | stop node | storage | storage accounting area (SAA) | storage area network ( SAN SAN) | storage check zone | storage class | storage control | storage cushion | storage device subsystem | storage group | storage hierarchy | storage key | storage location | storage management recovery | storage manager domain | storage model | storage pool | storage protection | storage protection key | storage system | storage violation | storage violation dump | store | store and forward | store archive (SAR) | store controller | store entity | store owner | stored procedure | storefront asset store | storefront assets | stream | stream decryption | stream encryption | stream file | stream mode | streamed data | streaming | streaming client | streaming gateway | streaming gateway controller | stress | strikeover | string | string concatenation | string control byte (SCB) | string delimiter | stripe group | stripe width | striping | strong export | structure | structure attributes | structure definition | structure item | structured content | structured field | Structured Query Language (SQL) | Structured Query Language for Java (SQLJ) | Structured Query Language/Data System (SQL/DS) | structured type | structured viewing | Struts | Struts module | Struts project | STS | STSN | STSN Handler | stub | stub procedure | stuck process | STX | STX character | style sheet | subaddress | subagent | subarea | subarea node | subclass | subclassing | subdiagram | subdirectory | subdomain | subfield | subfield record | subfile | subfile control record format | subfile record format | subflow | subflow node | subfolder | subform | subkeyword | sublayer | submap | submap stack | subnet | subnet address | subnet mask | subnet value | subnetwork | subnetwork address | subnetwork mask | suborder | subordinate | subprocess | subprogram | subquery | subquery in a basic predicate | subrecord control byte (SRCB) | subroutine | subscriber | subscriber class | subscriber identity module (SIM) | subscript | subscripted data-name | subscription | subscription filter | subscription list | subscription point | subselect | subset pointer | subspace group | substitute | substitution character | substitution group | substitution string | substitution variable | substring | substructured array | subsystem | subsystem description | subsystem information base | subtasking | subtree | subtype | subvocabulary | suffix | summarization | summary records | summary report | super role | superclass | supernet mask | superscript | supertype | supervisor | supervisor call (SVC) | supervisory | supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) | supervisory terminal functions | supervisory terminal operator | supplemental group | supplementary service | supplementary services | supplementary source | supplier server | supplier system | supply chain | supply chain management (SCM) | supported currency | suppression | surface chart | surface graph | surrogate TCTTE | surrogate terminal | surveillance | surveillance signal | suspend | suspended state | SVA | SVC | SVG | SWA | swab | swapped | SWB | SWDT | sweep | SWIFT | SWIFT address | SWIFT Correspondents File | SWIFT financial message | SWIFT header | SWIFT input message | SWIFT link | SWIFT network | SWIFT network format | SWIFT output message | SWIFT system message | SWIFT transport network | SWIFTAlliance Gateway (SAG) | SWIFTNet FileAct | SWIFTNet FIN | SWIFTNet InterAct | SWIFTNet Link (SNL) | SWIFTNet PKI | SWIFTNet public key infrastructure (SWIFTNet PKI) | SWIFTNet service | SWIFTNet service application | swimlane | Swing Set | switch | switch back | switch data traffic (SWDT) | switch over | switch profile | switchable entity | switchable hardware group | switch-back | switched connection | switched line | switched network backup (SNBU) | switched virtual circuit ( SVC SVC) | switchover | switchover order | syllable hyphen | symbol | symbol registration file (SRF) | symbol resolution | symbol set | symbolic debugger (sdb) | symbolic description map | symbolic destination name | symbolic link | symbolic name | symbolic parameter | symmetric cryptography | symmetric encryption | symmetric key cryptography | symmetric multiprocessor (SMP) | sympathy sickness | symptom | symptom database | symptom string | SYN | SYN character | sync level | sync point | sync point manager | synchronization | synchronization character ( SYN SYN character) | synchronization level (sync level) | synchronization point (syncpoint) | synchronize/minor token | synchronized copy status | synchronous | Synchronous Data Link Control (SDLC) | synchronous disk I/O | synchronous learning | synchronous level | synchronous messaging | synchronous process | synchronous processing | synchronous transmission | SYNCPOINT | syncpoint | syncpoint agent | syncpoint initiator | syndicated content | synonym | synonym aid | syntactic analysis | syntax | syntax checker | syntax checking | syntax highlighting | syntax tree listing | SYS1.LOGREC | SYSEVENT class data | SYSMOD | sysplex | system | system activity keypoint | system administrator | system area network (SAN) | system ASP | system bag | system catalog | system complex ( sysplex sysplex) | system configuration administration | system configuration list | system configuration special authority | system control commands | System Control Process (SCP) | system data set | system date | system description | system diagnostic work area (SDWA) | system directory list (SDL) | system distribution directory | system domain object | system dump (IDUMP) | system dump code | system dump table (SDT) | system dump table entry | system generation | system greeting | system group | system initialization | system initialization parameter | system initialization program (DFHSIP SIP) | system initialization table (SIT) | system input/output bus | system item | system job | system library | system log | system log data set (SLDS) | system logger | System Management Interface Tool (SMIT) | System Manager | System Manager Security | system menu | system menu symbol | system modification (SYSMOD) | System Modification Program/Extended (SMP/E) | system monitor | system name | system object | system operator message queue | system parameter | system performance | system pointer | system policy | system power control network (SPCN) | system processor | system product division (SPD) | system program | system programming commands | system programming interface | system queue area (SQA) | system recovery table (SRT) | system reference code (SRC) | system reference library (SRL) | System Request key | system resource management database object (SRM database object) | system resources | system resources manager ( SRM SRM) | system security | system selector | system service tool user profile | system service tools (SST) | system services control point (SSCP) | system services control point identifier (SSCP ID) | System SSL | system state program | system statistics | System Support Program | system time | system unit | system unit console | system value | system variable | System/36 environment | System/36 object | System/38 environment | System/38 Utilities | system-managed access-path protection (SMAPP) | system-managed storage (SMS) | Systems Application Architecture | systems management | systems management application | systems management application entity (SMAE) | Systems Network Architecture (SNA) | Systems Network Architecture distribution services ( SNADS SNA distribution services) | Systems Network Architecture File Services ( SNA/FS SNA/File Services) | Systems Network Architecture Management Services Transport (SNA/Management Services
T: | Transport, SNA/MS Transport) | system-specific format | system-supplied formats | T reference point | T1 | T1/D3 | T1/D4 | tab stop | table | table builder services message (TBSM) | table designator | table element | table file | table function | table of contents (TOC) | table reference character (TRC) | tachometer | TACLE | TACS | tag | tag content | Tag Image File Format-Fax (TIFF-F) | tag library | Tagged Image File Format (TIFF) | Tagged/Delimited String Format (TDS Format) | TAI | tail | takeover time | tampering | tangent | tape backup | tape cartridge | tape controller | tape drive | tape file | tape library | tape mark | tape reel | tape unit | tape volume | tape volume table of contents (TVTOC) | TARGET | target | target catalog entry | target data queue program | target directory | target distributed data manager (TDDM) | target filter | target folder | target group | target library high-level qualifier (thlqual) | target namespace | target program | target queue manager | target recovery time | target region | target release | target server | target system | target zone | targetable command | targeted e-mail | tariff | task | task command | task control area (TCA) | task control block (TCB) | task cost analysis | task cost per time unit analysis | task cost report | task details query | task details report | task driver | task endpoint | task library | Task Library Language (TLL) | task resource allocation analysis | task specification query | task specification report | task statistics analysis (dynamic) | task statistics query | task statistics report | task swapper | task switching | task time analysis | task time report | Taskguide | taskpad | task-related user exit (TRUE) | tax category | tax type | taxonomy | TB | Tb | TBSM | TC | TCA | TCAM | TCAP | TCB | TCO | TCP | TCP/IP | TCP/IP Connectivity Utilities | TCP/IP monitoring server | TCP62 | TCS | TCT | TCTE | TCTLE | TCTSE | TCTTE | TCTUA | TCU | TD | TDD | TDDM | TDLC | TDMA | TDS Format | TDT | TE | TE1 | TE2 | team support | team workspace | TEB | technical information exchange (TIE) | technology | technology connector | technology-independent machine interface (TIMI) | technote | TEI | telecommunication | Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) | Telecommunications Access Method (TCAM) | Telecommunications Device for the Deaf (TDD) | telephone call state | telephone input field | telephony | Teleprocessing Network Simulator (TPNS) | teletypewriter exchange service (TWX) | Telex Correspondents File | telex header area | telex interface program (TXIP) | Telex Link | Telex substation | Telnet | template | template file | template library | template tree view | template-based content | temporary dynamic queue | temporary field | temporary group | temporary library | temporary object | temporary storage (TS) | temporary storage group identification (TSGID) | temporary storage queue | temporary storage table (TST) | temporary storage unit table (TSUT) | temporary-text-delay character (TTD character) | TEP | teraspace | term | terminal | terminal abnormal condition line entry (TACLE) | terminal adapter | terminal control | terminal control interface | terminal control system entry (TCS) | terminal control table ( TCT TCT) | terminal control table line entry (TCTLE) | terminal control table system entry (TCTSE) | terminal control table terminal entry (TCTTE, TCTE) | terminal control table user area (TCTUA) | terminal emulation | terminal end-point identifier (TEI) | terminal equipment (TE) | terminal equipment 1 (TE1) | terminal equipment 2 (TE2) | terminal error block (TEB) | terminal error program (TEP) | terminal file | terminal identification (TID) | terminal input/output area (TIOA) | terminal list table (TLT) | terminal operator | terminal paging | terminal servlet | Terminal User Control Block (TUCB) | terminal-initiated transaction routing | terminal-owning region (TOR) | terminating plug | termination character | termination notification | termination phase | test | test condition | test control (TC) | test harness | test key | test library | test value | testcase | test-key processing program | text attribute | text box | text index entry | text search index database | text search services | text stream | text transparency | text-to-speech (TTS) | textual data | textUI program | TFTP | TG | TGS | TGT | TH | theme | thesaurus service programming interface (thesaurus SPI) | thesaurus SPI | thin application client | thin client | third generation (3G) | third generation language (3GL) | third party | third-party plug-in | this | thlqual | thousands separator | thread | thread ID | thread local storage (TLS) | thread private storage | thread unsafe | thread-capable | threading | threadsafe | thread-specific storage | threshold | threshold analysis | threshold value | throttle
| thumbnail | thunking | TIC | tick | ticket | ticket-granting server | ticket-granting service (TGS) | ticket-granting ticket (TGT) | TID | TIE | tie-up record (TUR) | TIFF | TIFF-F | tight loop | tilde | time | Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) | time duration | time sharing | Time Sharing Option (TSO) | time slice | time slicing | time stamp | time to live | timed payment | time-division multiplex bus | time-independent messaging | timemark | Time-Modulated Ultra-Wide Band (TM-UWB) | time-of-day clock (TOD clock) | timeout | timer | timer domain | timeslot | timestamp duration | timetable | timetable specification query | timetable specification report | TIMI | TIOA | title | title bar | Tivoli administrator | Tivoli client | Tivoli desktop | Tivoli environment | Tivoli management agent | Tivoli management region | Tivoli management region server | Tivoli management software | Tivoli name registry | Tivoli NetWare repeater | Tivoli Open SmS | Tivoli Open System-managed Storage (Tivoli Open SmS) | Tivoli Performance Viewer | Tivoli region | Tivoli server | Tivoli Storage Manager (TSM) | TLL | TLS | TLT | TMF | TMI | TM-UWB | TOC | TOD clock | TOF | toggle | token | token bucket | token highlighting | token type | tokenized form (TOF) | token-ring network | tone | toolbar | tooltip | top category | top-down development | top-down mapping | topic | topic security | topic-based subscription | top-level business object | topology | topology console | topology definition | topology manager | Topology Services | TOR | Total Access Communication System (TACS) | total accumulator | total cost of ownership (TCO) | total record | total reserve amount | total time | total times comparison analysis | touchpad | TP | TP record | TPA | TPDU | TPF | TPN | TPNS | trace | trace domain | trace level | trace point | trace utility program (DFHTUP, TUP) | track | tracked terminal | tracking | trading mechanism | trading partner agreement (TPA) | trading position | trading position container | Traditional Chinese | Traditional Chinese double-byte character set | Traditional Chinese non-Chinese character set | Traditional Chinese primary character set | Traditional Chinese secondary character set | traditional file management | traffic conditioning | traffic profile | traffic shaping | transaction | transaction backout | transaction backout program | transaction backout table | transaction capabilities application part (TCAP) | transaction code | transaction dump | transaction dump code | transaction dump table (TDT) | transaction file | transaction ID | transaction identifier ( TID transaction ID) | transaction isolation | transaction level | transaction list table (XLT) | transaction manager (XM) | transaction manager domain | transaction messaging | transaction program ( TP TP) | transaction program name (TPN) | transaction program network | transaction program record (TP record) | transaction rate | transaction restart program | transaction routing | transaction security | transaction table | transaction work area (TWA) | transactional collaboration | transactional mode | transaction-oriented programming | transaction-system affinity | transceiver | transceiver cable | transcoding | transcoding technology | transfer | transfer mode | transfer request | transfer syntax | transform | transform service | transformation | transformation step | transformer | transient data (TD) | transient data control program | transient error | transit delay processing | transition condition | transition link | translator | transmission control character | transmission control layer | Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) | Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) | transmission control unit (TCU) | transmission executive | transmission group (TG) | transmission header (TH) | transmission medium | transmission program | transmission queue | transmission services (TS) | transmission services profile (TS profile) | transmitter | transparency | transparent data | transparent text mode | transport | transport class 0 (class 0) | transport class 2 (class 2) | transport class 4 (class 4) | transport class negotiation | transport layer | Transport Layer Security (TLS) | transport mode | transport mode name | transport protocol | transport-layer protocol data unit (TPDU) | transport-layer service access point (TSAP) | transport-layer service data unit (TSDU) | trap | TRC | tree node | tree view | trend | tributary station | trigger | trigger action | trigger field | trigger level | trigger message | trigger monitor | trigger monitor interface (TMI) | trigger point | trigger program | trigger time | triggered response | triggering | trigraph | trim | triplet | Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP) | TRLAN | Trojan horse | trombone | trouble ticket | troubleshooter | TRUE | truncate | trunk | trunk interface card (TIC) | trunk line | trunking | trust association | trust association interceptor (TAI) | trusted | Trusted Computing Base (TCB) | trusted root | trusted system | truststore file | TS | TS profile | TSAP | TSAP selector | TSDU | TSGID | TSM | Tsm Router | TSO | TST | TSUT | TTD character | TTS | TUCB | tumble | tune | tuning | tunnel | tunneling | TUP | TUR | turnaround | turnaround time | Tutorial System Support | TVTOC | TWA | twinaxial cable | twinaxial data link control (TDLC) | twisted-pair | twisty | Two-Party Key Distribution Protocol (2PKDP) | two-phase commit | two-port communications adapter cable | TWX | TXIP | type | type 2.0 node | type 2.1 node | type hierarchy | type instance matching analysis | type instance matching report | type of service | type structure analysis | type structure report | typed data | typedef
U: | U interface | UA | UACC | UBF | UBM | UCS | UCS-2 | UDC | UDDI | UDDI Business Registry | UDDI registry | UDDS | UDF | UDFS disk pool | UDP | UDSA | UDT | UEP | UFS | UI | UI part | UI record | UIB | uid | UID | UIM | UIM tag language | Ultimedia Business Conferencing | UML | UMR | UMT | UMTS | UN/EDIFACT | unacknowledged service | unary expression | unary operator | unattended mode | unattended node support | unauthorized access | unavailable | UNBIND | unbind | UNBIND command | unbind session (UNBIND) | unblocked signal | UNC | uncommitted read | unconfirmed service | undelivered message queue | underlying connection | underrun | undo | undo/redo record | undoable mode | undoable-in-transactional mode | unformatted | unformatted system service (USS) | unicast | Unicode | Unicode Transformation Format (UTF) | UNID | UNID table | unidentified user | unified buffer manager (UBM) | Unified Business Flow (UBF) | unified messaging | Unified Modeling Language ( UML UML) | Unified Trading Framework (UTF) | Uniform Resource Identifier ( URI URI) | Uniform Resource Locator (URL) | Uniform Resource Name (URN) | uninterruptible power supply | union | unique constraint | unique identifier (UID) | unique index | unique key | unique message reference (UMR) | unique product | uniqueness constraint (unique constraint) | unique-weight sort sequence | unit | UNIT | unit abandoned | unit number | unit of compilation | unit of recovery | unit of recovery descriptor (URD) | unit of work | unit reference code (URC) | United Nations Standard Products and Services Classification (UNSPSC) | unit-of-work identifier | universal access authority (UACC) | universal character set (UCS) | Universal Description, Discovery, and Integration (UDDI) | universal ID (UNID) | Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) | Universal Naming Convention (UNC) | Universal Serial Bus (USB) | universal system | Universal Test Client | UNIX File System (UFS) | UNIX operating system | UNIX System Services (USS) | unlike | unlink | unlisted meeting | unload | unloaded | unlock | unmapped conversation | unnumbered | unnumbered acknowledgement (UA) | unordered | unpacked decimal format | unprotected conversation | unprotected field | unprotected logical unit of work | unprotected logical unit of work identifier | unprotected storage | unread journal log | unrecognized screen | unresolved flow | unresolved import | unscheduled meeting | unserviceable request | unshunting | unsolicited data | unsolicited e-mail | unsolicited statistics | unsolicited-data handler | UNSPSC | untracked terminal | untrusted system | unusable | unwanted takeover | upcall | update | update authority | update file | update intent | update lock | update operation | update rule | update trigger | upline | upload | up-sell | upstream | URC | URD | URI | URN | usable | usage statement | usage type | USB | use authority | use case | use count | user | user activity keypoint | user agent (UA) | user ASP | user assistance | user authentication | user bag | user class | user configuration | user data set | User Datagram Protocol (UDP) | user domain | user domain object | user dynamic storage area (UDSA) | user entry procedure (UEP) | user exit | user exit handler | user exit programming interface (XPI) | user exit routine | user experience time | user file | user group | user ID | user ID/address | user identification ( user ID user ID, UID user ID) | user identification and verification | user identification number (uid) | user identifier (user ID) | user index | user interface | user interface block (UIB) | user interface manager (UIM) | user item | user key | user log | user login map | user mapping | user message queue | user name | User Name Server | user password | user plane | user profile | user profile name | user queue | user registry | user resource | user role | user route list (URL) | user security | user selector | user session | user shell | user space | user state program | user table | user transaction | user-based pricing | user-controlled environment | user-created data stream | user-defined character (UDC) | user-defined collating sequence | user-defined communications support | user-defined data stream (UDDS) | user-defined edit code | user-defined function (UDF) | user-defined node | user-defined parser | user-defined program | user-defined type (UDT) | user-defined word | user-key storage | user-maintained data table (UMT) | user-related activity | user-replaceable program | user-supplied route list entry | USS | UTC | UTF | UTF-8 | utility | utility computing | utility function | utility server | UTOKEN | utterance
V: | V.24 | V.25 | V.25 bis | V.35 | validation | validation data | validation policy | validator | validity checking | value | value chain business model | value constraint | value type | variable | variable buffer | variable data | variable length | variable pattern | variable pool | variable pool interface | variable record | variable symbol | variable-length | variable-length variable blocked (VLVB) | variable-occurrence data item | varied off | varied on | vary off | vary on | varying-length string | vault | VC | VDS | vector | vector symbol set (VSS) | Vendor Independent Messaging (VIM) | verb | verification | version | version control | vertical format information | Vertical Licensed Internal Code (VLIC) | vertical scaling | vertically displayed records | video mixing | video object | video stream | video-on-demand (VOD) | view | view command | viewport | VIM | violation | virtual | virtual address | virtual address space | virtual address translation | virtual call | virtual circuit (VC) | virtual classroom | virtual controller | virtual device | virtual disk | virtual image | virtual LU | virtual machine (VM) | Virtual Machine/System Product (VM/SP) | virtual method | virtual node | virtual optical device | virtual optical storage | virtual partition | virtual party | virtual printer | virtual private network (VPN) | virtual processor | virtual storage (VS) | Virtual Storage Access Method ( VSAM VSAM) | virtual storage constraint relief (VSCR) | Virtual Storage Extended (VSE) | virtual storage paging | Virtual Tape Server (VTS) | Virtual Telecommunications Access Method (VTAM) | virtual terminal | virtual terminal manager (VTM) | virtual terminal manager/function manager (VTM/FM) | virtual user | virtual volume | virtual work station controller | virtualization | virtualized | virus | visual bean | visual data stream (VDS) | Visual Explain | VisualAge for C++ | vital product data (VPD) | VLF | VLIC | VLIC log | VLVB | VM | VM/MVS bridge | VM/SP | VMS | vocabulary | VOD | voice application | voice directory | voice mail | voice mailbox | voice message | Voice Message Service (VMS) | voice messaging | voice model | Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) | voice port library | Voice Protocol for Internet Messaging (VPIM) | voice response unit ( VRU VRU) | voice segment | voice server node | voice table | voice technology | voice-grade telephone line | VoiceXML | VoIP | volume | volume label | volume statistics | volume switch | volume table of contents (VTOC) | vote | vote read-only | voted read-only (VRO) | VPACK | VPD | VPIM | VPN | VRO | VRU | VS | VSAM | VSAM RLS | VSAM shared resources | VSAM sphere | VSAM work area (VSWA) | VSCR | VSE | VSE image | VSE/Data Interfile Transfer, Testing, and Operations Utility (VSE/DITTO) | VSE/DITTO | VSE/POWER | V-Series Recommendations | VSS | VSWA | VT100 | VT100 workstation protocol | VT220 | VT220 workstation | VT220 workstation protocol | VTAM | VTAM exit trace | VTAM Performance Analysis and Reporting System (VTAMPARS) | VTAMPARS | VTM | VTM/FM | VTOC | VTS
W: | W3C | WACK character | WADS | WAIS | wait time index | wait-before-transmitting positive acknowledgment character (WACK character) | waiter | WAN | WAP | WAR | ward | warehouse | warehouse source | warehouse target | warm keypoint | warm start | watchpoint | WAV | WBMP | WBT | WBXML | WCC | W-CDMA | WDF | weak export | weak key | Web | Web activity monitor | Web application | Web application document root | Web application server | Web application services | Web application Web path | Web archive (WAR) | Web book |
| Web clipping | Web clipping portlet | Web component | web conference | Web container | Web content | Web controller | Web diagram | Web Distributed Authoring and Version (WebDAV) | Web Express Logon (WEL) | Web interaction | Web lecture | Web module | Web pad | Web page | Web project | Web property extension | Web resource | Web resource collection | web seminar | Web server | Web server instance | Web server plug-in | Web server separation | web service | Web Services Description Language (WSDL) | Web Services Invocation Framework (WSIF) | Web Services Invocation Language (WSIL) | Web site | Web spider | Web usage mining | Web-based application | Web-based Authoring and Versioning (WebDAV) | Web-based training (WBT) | webcast | WebDAV | Web-enabled | WebFacing Tool | webmaster | WebSphere | WebSphere Application Server | WebSphere BI for FN Extension for SWIFTNet | WebSphere BI for FN instance | WebSphere BI for FN message | WebSphere BI for FN server | WebSphere BI for FN service bundle | WebSphere business integration administrator | WebSphere business integration system | WebSphere Catalog Manager | WebSphere Commerce Accelerator | WebSphere Commerce database | WebSphere Commerce instance | WebSphere Commerce Recommendation Engine | WebSphere Commerce Server | WebSphere log file | WebSphere MQ | WebSphere MQ Administration Interface (MQAI) | WebSphere MQ classes for Java Message Service | WebSphere MQ client | WebSphere MQ Enterprise Transport | WebSphere MQ Everyplace | WebSphere MQ Internet pass-thru | WebSphere MQ Mobile Transport | WebSphere MQ Multicast Transport | WebSphere MQ Real-time Transport | WebSphere MQ script commands (MQSC) | WebSphere MQ server | WebSphere MQ Telemetry Transport | WebSphere MQ Web Services Transport | WebSphere Personalization | WebSphere Site Analyzer | WebSphere Studio | WebSphere test environment | weekly activity | weight | weighted average analysis | WEL | welcome page | Welcome page | well-known service | what you see is what you get | while loop | white space | whiteboard | Who Is Here (WIH) | Who Is Online (WIO) | whole number | Wide Area Information Service (WAIS) | wide area network (WAN) | wideband | wideband code division multiple access (W-CDMA) | wide-to-narrow ratio | widget | widow line | WiFi | WIH | wild card | wildcard character | WIN | WinCE | window | window definition record | window size | window tab | Windows CE (WinCE) | Windows NT Challenge/Response | Windows NT service | wink start | WIO | Wireless Application Protocol (WAP) | Wireless Binary XML (WBXML) | wireless bitmap (WBMP) | Wireless Data Forum (WDF) | Wireless Fidelity (WiFi) | wireless intelligent network (WIN) | wireless LAN | Wireless Markup Language (WML) | wireless network | Wireless Session Protocol (WSP) | wiretapping | withdraw | wizard | WML | word spotting | word wrap | work area | work entry | work item | work management | work on behalf of | work packet | work state | work step | workbasket | workbench | workbench batch interface | worker | workflow | workflow coordinator | workflow state | workgroup | working set | Working-Storage Section | worklist | workload | workload management | workload management mode | workplace | workspace | workspace interface | workstation | workstation address | workstation controller (WSC) | workstation customization | workstation entry | workstation gateway | workstation I/O processor | workstation user profile | world coordinates | World Wide Name (WWN) | World Wide Web ( WWW Web) | World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) | WORM | wrap | wrap connector | wrap count | wrap test | wrapper | wrapper business object | wrapper collaboration | wrapping trace | write authority | write control character (WCC) | write operation | write to operator with reply (WTOR) | write/execute authority | write-ahead data set (WADS) | write-enable ring | write-enable sensor | write-once-read-many (WORM) | writer | writing | WSC | WSDL | WSDL definition name | WSDL document | WSDL file | WSIF | WSIL | WSP | WTOR | WWN | WWW | WYSIWYG (what you see is what you get)
X: | X extent | X field | X.121 | X.21 | X.21bis | X.25 | X.25 protocol | X.25 protocol ID | X.25 subnetwork | X.400 | X.500 | X.509 certificate | X.75 | X/Open XA | Xalan processor | XCF | XCF couple data set | XCF group | XCF member | XDO | XDR | XHTML | XID | XLT | XM | XMI | XMI model | XML | XML catalog | XML domain | XML log file | XML Metadata Interchange (XMI) | XML parser | XML Path Language (XPath) | XML schema | XML Schema Definition (XSD) | XML Schema Definition Language (XSD) | XML schema editor | XML Wire Format | Xname resource classes | XPACK | XPath | XPath expression | XPI | XRC | XRF | XRF-capable terminal | XRST | XSD | XSL | XSL stylesheet | XSL Transformation (XSLT) | XSLT | XSLT function | XSM | xSP
Y: | Y field | yellow alarm | yielding loop
Z: | ZCS | zero code suppression (ZCS) | zero suppression | zip | zone transfer | zone width | zoned decimal format | zoning | zoom | Z-order
IBM pSeries The "p" denotes performance, "power systems"
IBM xSeries The "i" implies integration, "integrated systems"
IBM zSeries The "x" represents X architecture
Der Link verweist auf ein Dokument (IBM eServer USAGE GUIDELINES), das einige Hinweise zur Corporate Identity der eServer enthält. Auf Seite 12 wird die "NAMING ARCHITECTURE" beschrieben.
IEEE
(E?)(L?) http://www.ieee.org/
("Ei Triple-i") = "Institute of Electrical Engineers"
Das IEEE befasst sich mit der Normierung auf dem Gebiet der Elektronik. Eine Projektgruppe befasste sich mit der Normierung lokaler Netzwerke. Die Gruppe traf sich zum ersten Mal am 29.02.1980. Seitdem hiess sie Projektgruppe 802 (Im Jahre 80 im Februar). Die entwickelten Normen hiessen dann 802.x, z.B. befasst sich die Norm 802.9 mit integrierten Sprach- und Datennetzen (um wieder etwas näher zum Thema dieser Homepage zu kommen).
Diese Nummerung wurde auch von der ISO übernommen als y802.x
Prior to plug-and-play devices, users had to set IRQ values of devices manually when adding the device, such as a modem or printer, to a system. The following list of IRQ numbers specifies what each of the 16 IRQ lines are used for.
Der Slogan "It from Bit" stammt von dem Physiker John Wheeler von der Princeton-Universität. Damit wollte er zum Ausdruck bringen, dass physikalisches Sein und Informationsgehalt untrennbar miteinander verbunden sind.
An easy to use glossary of computer and Internet terms with definitions that are easy to understand. Terms and definitions relating to computer, technology, Internet resources and much more.
A: Active-Matrix | ActiveX | AdSense | ADSL | Adware | AdWords | AGP | AIFF | AIX | Alert Box | Analog | Anchor Text | ANSI | API | Apple | Applet | Application | Archie | ASP | ATA | ATM | Authoring Tool | Autoresponder
B: B2B | B2C | Backbone | Backlink | Backside Bus | Bandwidth | Banner Ad | Base Station | BASIC | Baud | Beta Software | Binary |
| Bitmap | Blog | Blu-ray | BMP | Bookmark | Boolean |
| Bot | bps | Bridge | Bridge Page | Broadband | Buffer | Burn | Bus | Byte
H: | Halftone | Handle | Hard Disk | Hard Drive | HDV | Hexadecimal | HFS | Hit | Home Page | Host | Hover | HTML | HTTP | HTTPS | Hub | Hyper-Threading | Hyperlink | Hypertext
I: I/O | ICF | Icon | ICS | IDE | IEEE | Illegal Operation | IM | Image Map | IMAP | Impression | Infotainment | Inkjet | Install | Installer | Integrated Circuit | Interlaced | Internet | InterNIC | Intranet | IP | IP Address | IPX | IRC | IRQ | ISA | ISDN | ISO | ISP | IT | IVR
J: JavaScript | JPEG | JSP | Jumper
K: Kbps | Kernel | Keyboard | Keystroke |
L: LAN | Latency | LCD | LDAP | Leaderboard | Leaf | Link | Link Farm | Link Popularity | Linux | Listserv | Localhost | Logic Gate | Login | Lossless | Lossy | LPI
M: MAC Address | Mac OS | Mac OS X | Macintosh | Macro | Mainframe | Malware | Mbps | MCA | Mebibyte | Media | Megahertz | Memory | Memory Stick | Menu Bar | Meta Search Engine | Meta Tag | Metadata | Metafile | Microprocessor | MIDI | Mini DV | MIPS | Mirror | Mirror Site | Mnemonic | Modem | Moodle | Motherboard | Mouse | MPEG | Multimedia | Multiplatform | MySQL
N: Name Server | NAT | Native File | Netiquette | Network | Newbie | Newsgroup | NIC | NNTP | NOC | Node | NTFS | NTSC | Null | Null Character | Nybble
O: OCR | ODBC | OEM | Offline | OLAP | OLE | Online | Open Source | OpenGL | Operating system | Optical Drive | Optical Media | OSPF
W: WAIS | WAN | Waveform | Web Host | Web Hosting | Web Page | Web Ring | Web Server | Webmaster | Website | WEP | White Paper | Wi-Fi | Widget | Wiki | Win32 | Windows | Windows XP | Winsock | Wireless | Wizard | WML | Word Wrap | Worm | WPA | WWW | WYSIWYG
X: X86 | XHTML | XLL | XML | XSL
Y: Yobibyte | YPN
Z: Zebibyte | ZIF | Zip | Zip drive | Zone File
0-9: 301 Permanent Redirect
Erstellt: 2006-08
J
Java (W3)
Programmiersprache
Der Name der Programmiersprache "Java" geht zunächst zurück auf amerik. "Java" = dt. "Kaffee", eine Bezeichnung, die insbesondere bei amerikanischen Programmierern verbreitet war. Diese Bezeichnung ist ihrerseits eine Kurzform für "Kaffee aus Java". Und "Java" schließlich ist eine indonesische Insel, die kleinste Insel der Großen Sundainseln.
Die Programmiersprache "Java" wurde von der Firma Sun entwickelt und erstmals am 23. Mai 1995 als neue, objekt-orientierte, einfache und plattformunabhängige Programmiersprache vorgestellt.
Aber auch Programmiersprachen haben ihren Stammbaum. So geht die Programmiersprache "Java" auf die Sprache "Oak" zurück, die 1991 von Bill Joy, James Gosling und Mike Sheridan im Green-Projekt entwickelt wurde. Ziel war es, eine einfache und plattformunabhängige Programmiersprache zu schaffen, mit der nicht nur normale Computer wie Unix-Workstations, PCs und Apple-Computer programmiert werden können, sondern auch die in Haushalts- oder Industriegeräten eingebauten Micro-Computer, wie z.B. in Waschmaschinen und Videorekordern, Autos und Verkehrsampeln, Kreditkarten und Sicherheitssystemen und vor allem auch in TV-Settop-Boxes für "intelligente" Fernsehapparate.
Allgemein anerkannt wurde Java aber erst seit 1996 in Verbindung mit Web-Browsern und Internet-Anwendungen sowie mit der Idee eines "NC" ("Network Computer"), der im Gegensatz zum "PC" ("Personal Computer") nicht lokal installierte, maschinenspezifische Software-Programme benötigt, sondern die Software in Form von Java-Klassen dynamisch über das Netz (Intranet) von einem zentralen Server laden kann. Diese Idee wurde später zu einem allgemeinen "Application Service Providing" ("ASP") erweitert.
Bei Java-Programmen muss zwischen zwei grundsätzlichen Arten unterschieden werden:
Java-Applikationen sind Computer-Programme mit dem vollen Funktionsumfang, wie er auch bei anderen Programmiersprachen gegeben ist. Applikationen können als lokale Programme auf dem Rechner des Benutzers laufen oder als Client-Server-Systeme über das Internet bzw. über ein Intranet oder als Server-Programme (Servlets) auf einem Web-Server.
Java-Applets werden innerhalb einer Web-Page dargestellt und unter der Kontrolle eines Web-Browsers ausgeführt. Sie werden meist über das Internet von einem Server geladen, und spezielle Sicherungen innerhalb des Web-Browsers ("Sandkasten", sandbox) sorgen dafür, dass sie keine unerwünschten Wirkungen auf den Client-Rechner haben können. So können Applets z.B. im Allgemeinen nicht auf lokale Files, Systemkomponenten oder Programme zugreifen und auch nicht auf Internet-Verbindungen, außer zu dem einen Server, von dem sie geladen wurden.
...
Ankola-Kaffee - "Java" - Indonesien - Kaffeeanbau in Asien
Kaffee wird im ganzen Inselstaat angebaut und "Java" steht für einen der grossen Namen des Kaffees. "Java" produziert einen aromatischen, säurearmen Kaffee, der von Natur aus mild und ausgewogen im Geschmack ist. Er ist etwas säurebetonter als Sumatra- oder Sulawesi-Kaffee und würziger im Geschmack. Die besten Plantagen sind Blawin, Jambit, Kayumas und Pankur. "Mokka Java" ist eine Mischung aus Java und jemenitischem Mokka.
...
Der erste systematische Kaffee-Anbau der Sorte Arabica wurde im 15. Jahrhundert in Terrassengärten im Südjemen betrieben. Ab Mitte des 17. Jahrhunderts wurde die Monopolstellung der Araber beim Kaffee-Anbau durchbrochen und der Arabica-Kaffee verbreitete sich nach und nach über Sri Lanka, "Java" und Südamerika weltweit.
...
1620 gründeten die Holländer ihre Plantagen in "JAVA"
...
"Java Café" ist eine Mischung aus besten Arabica Rohkaffeesorten. Die sorgsam gerösteten, handverlesenen Arabica Bohnen erhalten in unserer Gourmet-Rösterei eine unverkennbare Note - exklusiv, edel und voll im Geschmack.
Kaffee ist mehr als ein Getränk - Kaffee bedeutet Genuss, Entspannung, Inspiration. Eine gehobene Gastronomie legt Wert auf Kaffee der Spitzenklasse. Als erfahrene Betreuer der Gastronomie haben wir uns eingehend mit den Wünschen echter Kaffeegenießer befasst. Das Ergebnis heisst "Java Café" - rein und ursprünglich wie das Paradies.
Indonesien
Kaffee wird im ganzen Inselstaat angebaut und "Java" steht für einen der grossen Namen des Kaffees. "Java" produziert einen aromatischen, säurearmen Kaffee, der von Natur aus mild und ausgewogen im Geschmack ist. Er ist etwas säurebetonter als Sumatra- oder Sulawesi-Kaffee und würziger im Geschmack. Die besten Plantagen sind Blawin, Jambit, Kayumas und Pankur. "Mokka Java" ist eine Mischung aus Java und jemenitischem Mokka.
...
(E?)(L?) http://java.seite.net/
ist eine Programmiersprache, die 1991 von drei Mitarbeitern der Firma SUN (Patrick Naughton, Mike Sheridan, James Gosling) für ein Handheld entwickelt wurde. Die Software zur interaktiven Steuerung elektronischer Geräte hieß ursprünglich "Oak" = ("Eiche"), nach dem Baum vor dem Fenster der Programmierer.
Aus patentrechtlichen Gründen musste 1995 ein neuer Name gesucht werden. In einer Abstimmung stehen zur Auswahl "JAVA" nach dem Haustrunk "Peet's Java-Kaffee", "Silk" und "DNA". "Java" steht in den USA umgangssprachlich auch generell für Kaffee. (Ähnlich wie Uhu oder Patex auch generell für Klebstoff benutzt wird.)
Quelle: com!online 07/2002
seite - Kaffee & Kuchen - die führende deutsche Java-Seite von Christoph Bergmann und Hannes Gamperl
(E?)(L1) http://whatis.techtarget.com/definitionsAlpha/0,289930,sid9_alpJ,00.html
Java | Java 2 Platform, Enterprise Edition | Java 2 Platform, Micro Edition | Java archive file | Java Authentication and Authorization Service | Java Card | Java chip | Java Cryptography Extension | Java Data Objects | Java Database Connectivity | Java Development Kit | Java Foundation Classes | Java Management Extensions | Java Message Service | Java Messaging Service | Java Naming and Directory Interface | Java Online Analytical Processing | Java Ring | Java Runtime | Java Runtime Environment | Java Script | Java Server Page | Java Speech API Markup Language | Java Telephony Application Programming Interface | Java virtual machine | Javabean | JavaBeans | JavaScript | JavaScript: Learning Guide | Personal Java | PersonalJava
Nach der indonesischen Insel "Java" wird Arabica-Kaffee auch "Java-Bohne" genannt.
Erstellt: 2010-08
K
L
Listserv
(E?)(L?) http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/M/mailing_list_server.html
An automatic mailing list server developed by Eric Thomas for BITNET in 1986. When e-mail is addressed to a LISTSERV mailing list, it is automatically broadcast to everyone on the list. The result is similar to a newsgroup or forum, except that the messages are transmitted as e-mail and are therefore available only to individuals on the list.
LISTSERV is currently a commercial product marketed by L-Soft International. Although LISTSERV refers to a specific mailing list server, the term is sometimes used incorrectly to refer to any mailing list server. Another popular mailing list server is Majordomo, which is freeware.
M
Mainframe (W3)
(E?)(L1) http://www.vikingwaters.com/htmlpages/mainframe.htm
(E?)(L1) http://www-1.ibm.com/ibm/history/reference/glossary_m.html
Mainframe Definition
Mainframe is an industry term for a large computer, typically manufactured by a large company such as IBM or Cray for the commercial applications of Fortune 1000 businesses and other large-scale computing purposes such as global weather forecasting and scientific research.
Historically, a mainframe is associated with centralized rather than distributed computing. Today, IBM refers to its larger processors as "large servers" and emphasizes that they can be used to serve distributed users and smaller servers (often mid-frames or microprocessor machines) in a computing network.
Modern desktop machines have far more power than early mainframes. However, the mainframe manufacturers have kept pace to produce machines that do jobs their smaller brethren could never accomplish. Mainframes still house 90% of the data major businesses rely on for mission-critical applications. This is because mainframes have superior performance, reliability, scalability, and security compared to microprocessors.
mainframe: n. A computer, usually in a computer center, with extensive capabilities and resources to which other computers may be connected so that they can share facilities. Originally referred to the central processing unit of a large computer, which occupied the largest or central frame (rack).
Malware
(E?)(L?) http://www.malware.org/malware.htm
ist keine Mal-Software, sondern eine Software mit bösen Absichten
Short for malicious software. Software designed specifically to damage or disrupt a system, such as a virus or a Trojan Horse.
(vgl.auch: frz. "mal" = "Schlechtes", "Böses", "Unheil", "Schaden"
Microchip Graffiti (W3)
Der "Microchip Graffiti" ist eine kleine graphische Spielerei der Entwickler indem sie Microchips verzieren.
With "batch files", which are also called "batch programs" or "batch scripts", you can simplify routine or repetitive tasks. A "batch file" is an unformatted text file that contains one or more commands and has a ".bat" or ".cmd" file name extension. When you type the file name at the command prompt, "Cmd.exe" runs the commands sequentially as they appear in the file.
You can include any command in a batch file. Certain commands, such as "for", "goto", and "if", enable you to do conditional processing of the commands in the batch file. For example, the "if command" carries out a command based on the results of a condition. Other commands allow you to control input and output and call other batch files.
The standard error codes that most applications return are "0" if no error occurred and "1" (or higher value) if an error occurred. Please refer to your application help documentation to determine the meaning of specific error codes.
For more information about batch file operations, see the following topics:
• Using batch parameters
• Using filters
• Using command redirection operators
For more information about commands that you can use in batch files, click a command:
Betrifft: Windows 7, Windows Server 2000, Windows Server 2003, Windows Server 2003 R2, Windows Server 2008, Windows Server 2008 R2, Windows Vista
You can use the Windows command reference to familiarize yourself with new and enhanced command-line tools, to learn about the command shell, and to automate command-line tasks by using batch files or scripting tools.
The following sections contain information about the syntax and usage of the command line tools.
A-Z List contains an alphabetical list of all of the commands
Command-Line Syntax Key explains the formatting used in this reference
Technologielisten contains lists of commands by their associated technology
A-Z List
Letzte Aktualisierung: Oktober 2010
Betrifft: Windows 7, Windows Server 2003, Windows Server 2003 R2, Windows Server 2008, Windows Server 2008 R2, Windows Vista
"Moore's Law" trägt den Namen von "Gordon Moore", einem der Gründer von INTEL. Am 19.April 1965 prognostizierte er in einem Artikel, daß sich die Vielzahl der Transistoren auf einem Chip etwa alle zwei Jahre verdoppelt.
Bisher liegt er mit seiner Vorhersage ganz gut: waren es 1976 2.300 Transistoren auf 12mm**2 so waren es 2005 592Mio. auf 432mm**2.
Moores Gesetz besagt dass sich die Packdichte der Transistoren auf einem Mikroprozessor - und damit die Leistung gemessen in MIPS - alle 18 Monate verdoppelt.
Gordon "Moore" war ein Mitbegründer von Intel, der diese These aufstellte.
Moore is widely known for "Moore's Law," in which he predicted that the number of transistors the industry would be able to place on a computer chip would double every couple of years. In 1995, he updated his prediction to once every two years. While originally intended as a rule of thumb in 1965, it has become the guiding principle for the industry to deliver ever-more-powerful semiconductor chips at proportionate decreases in cost.
Moore's Law soll noch 20 Jahre Gültigkeit behalten ... - ... meint zumindest Gordon Moore selbst
Vor 40 Jahren formulierte Intel-Mitbegründer "Gordon Moore" seine als "Moore's Law" bekannt gewordene Theorie, nach der sich die Zahl der Transistoren auf einem Halbleiter alle 18 Monate verdoppeln lässt. Nun bekräftigte Moore diese Aussage im Rahmen einer Telefonkonferenz.
Moore'sches Gesetz (W3)
Im Jahr 1968 stellte Gordon Moore das Gesetz auf, dass sich die Komplexität von Mikrochips alle zwölf bis achtzehn Monate verdoppelt.
Das mooresche Gesetz (englisch "Moore's law"; deutsch „Gesetz“ im Sinne von „Gesetzmäßigkeit“) sagt aus, dass sich die Komplexität integrierter Schaltkreise mit minimalen Komponentenkosten regelmäßig verdoppelt; je nach Quelle werden 12 bis 24 Monate als Zeitraum genannt.
Unter Komplexität verstand Gordon Moore, der das Gesetz 1965 formulierte, die Anzahl der Schaltkreiskomponenten auf einem Computerchip. Gelegentlich ist auch von einer Verdoppelung der Integrationsdichte die Rede, also der Anzahl an Transistoren pro Flächeneinheit. Dieser Technologiefortschritt bildet eine wesentliche Grundlage der „digitalen Revolution“.
Ursprünglich sprach Moore selbst von einer jährlichen Verdoppelung, korrigierte 1975 jedoch seine Angabe auf eine Verdoppelung alle zwei Jahre (siehe auch Wirth’sches Gesetz). Moores damaliger Intel-Kollege David House brachte 18 Monate als Abschätzung ins Spiel, was heute die verbreitetste Variante des mooreschen Gesetzes ist und auch den Rahmen bildet, an dem die Halbleiterindustrie ihre Entwicklungspläne auf mehrere Jahre hinaus festmacht. Real verdoppelt sich die Leistung neuer Computerchips im Mittel etwa alle 20 Monate.
Auf Intels Entwicklerforum (IDF) im Herbst 2007 sagte Moore das Ende seines Gesetzes voraus: Es werde wahrscheinlich noch 10 bis 15 Jahre Bestand haben, bis eine fundamentale Grenze erreicht sei. Allerdings prognostizierte Pat Gelsinger, Chef der Digital-Enterprise-Sparte von Intel, bereits ein halbes Jahr später, dass das mooresche Gesetz noch bis 2029 Gültigkeit behalten würde. Im Oktober 2009 erklärte Martin Strobel in seiner Funktion als Pressesprecher von Intel Deutschland im Detail, weshalb man zuversichtlich sei, „das mooresche Gesetz noch eine ganze Weile erfüllen zu können“.
"MUD" entstand zunächst als Acronym aus "Multi-User Dingeon" einem der ersten führenden Fantasy-Rollenspiele in den 1970er Jahren, die durchaus heute noch gespielt werden (Dungeons and Dragons (TM)). "MUD" hat dann teilweise seine Rolle als Abkürzung verloren und wurde bzw. wird auch als "Mud" oder "muds" in Wortkombinationen benutzt.
Heute wird "MUD" oft auch mit "Multi-User Dimension" widergegeben, um von dem Image als Monsterspiele weg zu kommen.
Aus der Abkürzung "MUD" entstanden dann Derivate wie "LPMUD" für "MUDs", die mit LPC, einer bestimmten Programmiersprache, geschrieben wurden (auch interessant: entwickelt vom schwedischen Wissenschaftler "Lars Pensjö"). Daneben gab es "DikuMUD" ("Datalogistik Institute Kobenhavns Universitet") oder "TinyMUD" wegen seines geringeren Programmieraufwandes auf Grund anderer Techniken.
Interessant ist, dass sich daraus dann (sprach-)spielerische Ableitungen wie "MUCK" und "MUSH" gebildet haben, die erst im Nachhinein mit z.B. "Multi-User Shared Hallucination" interpretiert wurden.
David Crystal führt noch einige weiter Ableitungen auf die mittlerweile mit "MU*" zusammengefasst werden. (Der "*" steht hier für beliebige Buchstabenerweiterungen.) Ein Beispiel ist auch die Acronym-Hierarchie "MOO" = "MUD Object Orientated", woraus sich wieder viele Ableitungen gebildet haben.
(E?)(L1) http://search390.techtarget.com/sDefinition/0,,sid10_gci212618,00.html
"MVS" = "Multiple Virtual Storage" is the operating system from IBM that is installed on most of its mainframe and large server computers. "MVS" has been said to be the operating system that keeps the world going. The payroll, accounts receivable, transaction processing, database management, and other programs critical to the world's largest businesses are usually run on an MVS system. Although MVS tends to be associated with a monolithic, centrally-controlled information system, IBM has in recent years repositioned it as a "large server" in a network-oriented distributed environment, using a 3-tier application model.
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Engl. "nanoacre" = dt. "Mini-Acker", setzt sich zusammen aus griech. "nãnos" = dt. "Zwerg" und engl. "Acre" = 4047 qm. Es wird im Jargon der Informatiker jedoch im übertragenen Sinn verwendet.
"nanoacre": A unit (about 2 mm square) of real estate on a VLSI chip. The term gets its giggle value from the fact that VLSI nanoacres have costs in the same range as real acres once one figures in design and fabrication-setup costs.
Engl. "Nanolithography", setzt sich zusammen aus griech. "nãnos" = dt. "Zwerg", griech. "líthos" = dt. "Stein", "Felsen" und griech. "gráphein" = dt. "kerben", "ritzen", "schreiben". Die "Nanolithography" kommt bei der Herstellung von Nanocomputern zum Einsatz.
Die Bezeichnung "Nerd" könnte auf eine Zeile in dem Buch "If I Ran the Zoo" (1950), von Dr. Seuss zurückgehen. Dort heißt es: "And then, just to show them, I'll sail to Ka-Troo / And Bring Back an It-Kutch, a Preep and a Proo, / A Nerkle, a Nerd, and a Seersucker, too!". Um 1970 scheint es dann in die Welt ausgebrochen zu sein. Während es Mitte der 1960er jahre noch die Bedeutung "annoying misfit", dt. "lästiger Außenseiter", erhielt es später eine positive Wendung hin zu einem "Intelligenzbolzen", allerdings mit dem Beigeschmack (Konnotation) "Fachidiot".
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"NERD" - Derogatory term for a "computer geek"; has been adopted as a badge of honor for some. Reminds that no matter how cool the stuff we do with computers is, we're still geeks, so get over it.
[I just looked up the etymology of the word "nerd" in the dictionary, and my main conclusion was that etymologists must have a lot of spare time on their hands, because apparently there's this huge controversy over where this word came from, and the earliest reference is in a Dr. Seuss book, and then it became a slang term in the 1950s, and some people say it's a coincidence and others say there's some complicated relation, and all I can say is that it's just not that important, but these etymologists have enough time to learn UNIX security, and if they'd just read some books on TCP/IP, they could probably be really good hackers. Suggestion - if any evil foreign governments out there want to hire some people to train to be hackers, get etymologists. They have tolerance for the tremendously boring. That is all. End rant.]
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(E?)(L?) http://www.nero.com/de/recorder.htm
Der Name des CD-ROM-Brennprogramm spielt an auf den römischen Kaiser "Nero", der (vermutlich) "Rom" in Brand setzen liess, um Platz für neue Prachtbauten zu schaffen.
Auf der angegebenen Seite findet man Informationen über die von der aktuellen InCD Version unterstützen CD-Brenner.
"Netikette" setzt sich zusammen aus "Net" = "Netz", "Internet" und "Etikette".
Die "Etikette", die "festgelegten Umgangsformen" haben die gleiche Quelle wie "das Etikett" zur "Preisauszeichnung". Die Umgangsformen am französischen Hof waren auf Handzetteln schriftlich festgelegt. Und so übertrug sich die Bezeichnung für "die an einem Pfahl festgesteckte Markierung" auf die dort festgelegten Anstandsregeln.
Hiermit steht auch das frz. "estiquer" = "feststecken" und eben auch das dt. "stecken" in Zusammenhang. Auch engl. "sticker", das nicht nur "Aufklebezettel" sondern auch "Schlachter", "Dorn" und "Stachel" bedeuten kann, gehört zu dieser Wortgruppe.
Die "Netiquette Guidelines" werden in einem RFC beschrieben:
This memo provides information for the Internet community. This memo does not specify an Internet standard of any kind. Distribution of this memo is unlimited.
Quatre Saisons Blanc Mousseux, Perpetual White Moss, Rosier de Thionville, New White Cluster Moss, Laffay (FR) 1835 Bemooste Damascena-Hybride, Alte Rose weiß remontierend (der Name "Quatre Saisons" = "Vier Jahreszeiten"- ist von daher übertrieben), sehr starker Duft
NT
hat seinen Ursprung in VMS. Eine Entwicklungstruppe bei DEC machte den Versuch, das VMS-Betriebssystem für den PC umzuschreiben. DEC stoppte das Projekt und Microsoft übernahm die Entwicklertruppe. WINDOWS/NT war geboren. (googeln: "vms dec nt")
(E?)(L?) http://www.geschichte-des-computers.de/pc.php
Die Begriffe "Personal Computer" und die Kurzform "PC" kamen in den 1980er Jahren auf. 1981 stieg IBM in den Markt der Kleincomputer ein und nahm INTEL und Microsoft als Partner auf.
Einige Jahre bei allen PC-Besitzern in aller Munde, aber heute schon wieder vergessen war die Bezeichnung "Advanced Technology" und die Kurzform "AT".
Der Ausdruck entstand in der Perl Entwicklergemeinschaft. Er geht zurück auf einen Plüsch-Kürbis, der einmal in einer Entwicklerrunde umging und an den gewisse Zugriffsrechte geknüpft waren. Derjenige, der gerade im Besitz des "patch pumpkin" ist, ist der "pumpkin holder".
Der Inhaber des "patch pumpkin" wird auch "pumpking" genannt.
(E?)(L?) http://webopedia.com/TERM/p/prompt.html
Ein "Prompt" ist eine Meldung des Computers, die anzeigt, dass eine Usereingabe notwendig ist. Man kann auch öfters hören, dass jemand "gepromptet" wurde, im Sinne von "aufgefordert werden".
Das Wort gibt es auch als frz. "prompt" = "schnell" und ist wahrscheinlich von dort nach Deutschland und England gewandert. Es lässt sich weiter zurückverfolgen bis zu lat. "promptus" = "bereit" und lat. "promere" = "hervorholen".
Q
R
raster blaster (W3)
Der "Ghetto Blaster", der anscheinend mit Bezug auf viele seiner Besitzer auch "Rasta Blasta" (für "Rastafari Blaster") genannt wird. Und in der Informatik handelt es sich - soweit ich es verstehen konnte - anscheinend um einen Chip, der speziell bei der Verarbeitung von Bildern eingesetzt wird (vgl. das aus Druckverfahren und Fotografie stammende "Bild-Raster").
"raster blaster" /n./ [Cambridge] Specialized hardware for bitblt operations (a blitter). Allegedly inspired by "Rasta Blasta", British slang for the sort of portable stereo Americans call a "boom box" or "ghetto blaster".
Erstellt: 2010-09
RISC (W3)
Ein weiterer wichtiger (aber schon wieder vergessener) Begriff aus der PC-Geschichte ist "RISC". Es bezeichnete eine Technologie, die mit einem auf das notwendige reduzierten Befehlssatz auskam, den "Reduced Instruction Set Computer".
Der erste "RISC-Computer" (eigentlich sollte "RISC" ja ausreichen) wurde 1986 auf der CeBIT von IBM vorgestellt. Heute interessieren derartige Einsparungen nicht mehr.
Featured: July 20, 2011 RISC Architecture RISC Architecture
The first prototype computer employing RISC (reduced instruction set computer) architecture was developed at IBM in 1980. By allowing commands to access previously unused memory space, RISC enabled computers to work approximately twice as fast as other machines on the same number of circuits. RISC was an important innovation in system design because it eliminated wasted space in the information pipeline, and was widely viewed as the dominant computing architecture of the future. Its creator, John Cocke, received for his efforts the US National Medal of Science (1994) and the US National Medal of Technology (1991).
Part of the RadeonTweaker program for adjusting ATI Radeon graphics cards. Allows you to adjust the gamma (or brightness) when playing a full-screen game without switching back to the desktop
shortcut, short cut (W3)
Ein "shortcut" ist allgemein eine "Abkürzung", wörtlich "kurzer Schnitt".
In der Computerwelt bezeichnet "Shortcut" oder "short cut" Tastenkombinationen, um bestimmte Funktionen auf schnellem Weg (auch ohne Maus/Mouse) aufzurufen.
Die Warenwirtschaft EULANDA® unterstützt zur direkten Ansteuerung von Funktionen "Kurztasten" (= "Shortcuts"). Diese Tastenbezeichnungen sind in den verschiedenen Sprachen und Ländern unterschiedlich bezeichnet. Diese Tabelle listet die Kurztasten für die unterstützten Sprachen auf.
ENGLISH | CHINESE GB | DUTCH | FRENCH | GERMAN
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keyboard shortcut
A "keyboard shortcut" is a combination of keys that, when pressed simultaneously, perform some task that ordinarily requires use of a mouse or other input device and may take longer to do. In Windows XP, for example, pressing "Control-Alt-Delete" will bring up the task manager utility for application and system monitoring and control. Other popular keyboard shortcuts include "Control-C" (copy), "Control-P" (print), "Control-V" (paste), "Control-X" (cut), and "Control-Z" (undo).
shortcut
In general, a "shortcut" is a path that is shorter than the usual or formal path to something or a method of operation that saves time over the regular operation. In Windows 95 and later operating systems, a "shortcut" is a computer desktop icon that enables a user to easily see and select a particular program or data object. The operating system comes with some shortcuts already visible on the desktop. A user can remove these or add new ones.
To create a shortcut in Windows 95 or 98, click on My Computer, then click on your "C" drive (or other drive where your files may be). Find the folder or file that you want to put on your desktop, click on it with the right mouse button, and select Create Shortcut from the pop-up menu. A new icon will now appear in My Computer. Hold the left mouse button down and drag the new icon to your desktop (you may need to minimize the My Computer window to do this). Now your new file or program will always be visible for quick selection on your desktop without having to go through Start menus or the Windows file manager.
In the Macintosh operating system, a shortcut is called an "alias".
a generic phrase for any component of a system that upon failure will cause a malfunction in the entire system. A SPOF can be a hardware or electrical component or a software component.
Aus dieser zum Wort gewordenen Abkürzung sind dann natürlich weitere Ableitungen gebildet worden. Das Verb engl. "spool" = dt. "spoolen" und engl. "spooling" und "Spooler".
In der Anglizismenliste des VDS wird "spool" mit "Warteschlange" übersetzt.
Als "Spooling" bezeichnet man die Technik, die Daten zwischenspeichert. Beispiel: In einem UUCP-Netz geschieht die Übertragung der Aufträge bzw. Files meistens asynchron, d. h. die Files müssen zwischengespeichert werden. (siehe auch Drucker-Spooling)
SQL - structured query language
(E?)(L?) http://www.webopedia.com/
SQL is a standardized query language for requesting information from a database. The original version called SEQUEL (structured English query language) was designed by an IBM research center in 1974 and 1975. SQL was first introduced as a commercial database system in 1979 by Oracle Corporation.
Historically, SQL has been the favorite query language for database management systems running on minicomputers and mainframes. Increasingly, however, SQL is being supported by PC database systems because it supports distributed databases (databases that are spread out over several computer systems). This enables several users on a local-area network to access the same database simultaneously.
Although there are different dialects of SQL, it is nevertheless the closest thing to a standard query language that currently exists. In 1986, ANSI approved a rudimentary version of SQL as the official standard, but most versions of SQL since then have included many extensions to the ANSI standard. In 1991, ANSI updated the standard. The new standard is known as SAG SQL.
Der Programmierer geht in Rente, sein Programm bleibt aber weiter der Rettungsanker bei alltäglichen PC-Abstürzen: David Bradley, Erfinder des wohl weltweit bekanntesten Tastaturbefehls "Steuerung-Alt-Entfernen", verlässt am Freitag, den 30. Januar 2004, seinen Arbeitsplatz beim PC-Hersteller IBM.
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Was wäre Bill Gates wohl ohne David Bradley?
Erstellt: 2013-01
stuhenderson
MVS-Themen
(E?)(L?) http://www.stuhenderson.com/XMVSTRND.HTM
Since the 1960's, IBM's "MVS" operating system, or some version of it, has been the predominant system software for IBM's family of mainframe computers. MVS has been the environment for which the best-known and most widely used security products have been developed, and it has influenced our thinking about security for all computer systems. But MVS security is not a static concept; it is a moving target on which security product vendors and infosecurity professionals must keep focused. Data security officers need to understand the history of MVS security, and they should be aware of the recent developments.
Weitere Abkürzungen, die in diesem Dokument vorkommen:
"PCP" ("Primary Control Program")
"MFT" ("Multi-programming with a Fixed number of Tasks")
"SVS" ("Single Virtual Space")
"MVT" ("Multi-programming with a Variable number of Tasks")
"MVS/XA" ("eXtended Architecture")
"ACEE" ("Access Control Environment Element")
"SAF" ("the System Authorization Facility")
"ESA" ("Enterprise Systems Architecture")
"USS" ("UNIX System Services")
"NCSC" ("National Computer Security Center")
"ACB" ("access control buffer")
"RJE" ("Remote Job Entry")
"NJE" ("Network Job Entry")
"DCE" ("Distributed Computing Environment")
"SSL" ("Secure Sockets Layer")
"DES" ("Data Encryption Standard")
"LAN" ("Local Area Networks")
Hier findet man auch einen Abschnitt: "MVS History: Security Through Hardware".
Ob Intel, ATI oder Microsoft, alle geben zukünftigen Produkten während der Entwicklung erst einmal einen Codenamen. Wir zeigen, wer und was hinter den teils merkwürdigen Namen steckt.
VON MIKE HARTMANN UND CHRISTIAN VILSBECK
Ob klangvolle Bezeichnungen wie "Montecito", biblische Namen wie "Isaiah" oder schlichte Modellnummern wie "R423", jeder Hersteller hat seine eigenen Vorlieben, mit denen er seine Produkte während der Entwicklungsphase belegt. Manchmal darf der Chefentwickler seiner Lieblingskneipe zu Ruhm und Ehre verhelfen, manchmal wird einfach nur lieblos durchnummeriert.
Doch während der Hersteller seine eigenen Codenamen leicht im Griff behält, verliert ein Außenstehender schnell den Überblick. Daher haben wir auf den folgenden Seiten die wichtigsten Codenamen zusammengestellt. Sortiert nach Gattungen und Herstellern finden Sie die technischen Spezifikationen und die geplanten Erscheinungstermine der zugehörigen Produkte. Wo es sinnvoll ist, bieten wir Ihnen auch Links zu weiter führenden Beiträgen.
Auf den darauf folgenden Seiten findet man einige allgemeine Hinweise zur Namensgebung der einzelnen Firmen und die Codenamen (22.11.2004):
Debian und Mandrake: buzz | rex | bo | hamm | slink | potato | woody | sarge | sid
Red Hat
Caldera und SuSE
Betriebssysteme: Windows: Anvil | Blackcomb | Longhorn Server | Windows Future Storage | Lonestar | Longhorn | Ozone | Whistler
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Die Site "www.whatis.com" wird automatisch auf die Site "whatis.techtarget.com" umgeleitet.
Definitions for thousands of the most current IT-related words. - englisch, Software, Hardware
Was ist z.B. ein "patch"?
In der riesigen "WhatIs"-Liste von Techtarget muß man zwar lange suchen, aber zu einigen Begriffen aus der Internet- und Computer-Szene kann man hier auch Wortgeschichten finden.
Man findet hier neben der umfangreichen Enzyklopädie mit Begriffen aus der Informationstechnik auch "Guides and Tutorials" über verschiedenen Themengebiete (mit jeweils mehreren Beiträgen), wie etwa:
IT-specific encyclopedia, definitions for thousands of the most current IT-related words, plus fast references: every file format in the world, chat acronyms, plus, plus ...
Definitions for thousands of the most current IT-related words.
(E?)(L1) http://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/0,,sid9_gci532335,00.html
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Die Begriffs-Definitionen in der IT-Enzyklopädie enthallten oftmals auch Erklärungen zum Hintergrund der Begriffsbildung oder zumindest Erklärungen zu vielen Akronymen der IT-Welt. Und wenn beides nicht zutrifft, so handelt es sich doch immerhin noch um eine grosse Sammlung von Neologismen die im Zusammenhang mit Computerei und Internet in den letzten 30 Jahren das Licht der IT-Welt erblickt haben.
In der Enzyklopädie waren am 27.04.2007 folgende Begriffe zu finden:
Q signaling | Q.931 | Q931 | QA/QC | QAM | QC | QDOS | QFE | QoS | QPS | QSIG | quad | Quad FastEthernet | quad tree | Quagga | quality | quality assurance | quality control | Quality of Service | quantum | quantum computer | quantum computing | quantum cryptography | quantum dot | Quantum Extended Graphics Array | quantum indeterminacy | quantum interference | quantum measurement indeterminacy | quantum mirage | quantum theory | quark | Quarter Video Graphics Array | qubit | queries-per-second | query | Query by Example | querystring | queue | queueing theory | Quick Fix Engineering | Quick Place | Quick Web | QuickPlace | Quicktime | quiesce | quiet zone | quintessence | quiz | Quiz -- Software development | Quiz: Do You Know Me? You Should! | Quiz: IT terms that sound like animals | Quiz: Malware | Quiz: A taste for tech? | Quiz: Artificial Intelligence | Quiz: AS/400 | Quiz: Authentication Methods | Quiz: Believe it or Not (Answers) | Quiz: Believe it or Not: Do you speak Geek? | Quiz: Business Intelligence | Quiz: Common Vulnerabilities | Quiz: Compliance | Quiz: Computer Nostalgia | Quiz: Computer Nostalgia 2.0 | Quiz: Cryptography | Quiz: Cryptography answer key | Quiz: Customers and Call Centers | Quiz: Data Storage | Quiz: Database Basics | Quiz: Database II | Quiz: Do you eat Geek? | Quiz: Do you speak Geek during the holidays? | Quiz: Do you speak Geek, Greek, or Elvish? | Quiz: Do you speak geek? | Quiz: Do you speak project management? | Quiz: E-business trends and technologies | Quiz: E-mail Marketing and the Spam Problem | Quiz: Ego-Booster | Quiz: Ethernet | Quiz: Firewalls | Quiz: Getting Your Message Across the Network | Quiz: Greening the cube farm | Quiz: Halloween IV: Can you shriek Geek? | Quiz: Help Desk Basics | Quiz: How do you pronounce IT in Geek? | Quiz: HP | Quiz: IM lingo 4U | Quiz: Improve your memory! | Quiz: In the Spammer's Lair | Quiz: integrated threat management | Quiz: Intrusion prevention fundamentals | Quiz: iSeries (AS/400) Commands | Quiz: iSeries (AS/400) History | Quiz: IT lives! | Quiz: IT Potpourri | Quiz: IT's About Taxes | Quiz: IT's about time! | Quiz: IT's all about communication | Quiz: IT's Greek to me! | Quiz: Laptops | Quiz: Linux Basics | Quiz: Looney Tunes | Quiz: March of the Penguin (Linuxworld Boston, 2006) | Quiz: More fun with open source | Quiz: Name my claim to fame! | Quiz: Nasties in the news | Quiz: Negotiating -- Do you speak business? | Quiz: Netiquette savvy or savage? | Quiz: Networking Hardware | Quiz: Online threats to privacy | Quiz: Open and shut! | Quiz: Operating Systems | Quiz: Peripherals | Quiz: Presence Technology | Quiz: Printers and printing | Quiz: Processing Power | Quiz: Protocols | Quiz: Recycling electronic equipment | Quiz: Romancing the Geek | Quiz: Ruling Your IT Universe | Quiz: Securing Your Network | Quiz: Security Attacks | Quiz: Security Awareness for End Users | Quiz: Security Basics | Quiz: Servers | Quiz: Short & Sweet! | Quiz: Spam, Spam and More Spam | Quiz: SQL Server 2000 | Quiz: Storage Smarts | Quiz: Talkin' tech turkey | Quiz: TCP/IP | Quiz: Tech or treat! | Quiz: Test your regulatory compliance smarts | Quiz: The robots are coming! | Quiz: Top tech picks for 2006 | Quiz: Troubleshooting | Quiz: Unleashing the Power of the Database | Quiz: Virtual virtuosity | Quiz: Virtualization News | Quiz: Web Management Basics | Quiz: Web server security | Quiz: Web Services | Quiz: Web Site Performance | Quiz: What the Dickens! | Quiz: What's the Big Idea? | Quiz: Who Done IT? A Murder Mystery | Quiz: Winter Blues | Quiz: Wireless | Quiz: Wireless LANs | Quiz: Wireless Standards and Protocols | Quiz: Workstations | Quiz: Writing for business | Quizzes | QVGA | QWERTY | QWERTY keyboard | QXGA
W-CDMA | W2K | W32.Kriz virus | W32/Rjump | W3C | W3C log | WAD | WAFS | WAIS | wait state | Wake on LAN | walkie talkie | wall display | wall time | walled garden | wallet | wallpaper | WAN | WAN interface card | WAP | war dialer | war dialing | war driving | wardriving | wares | warez | warm server | Warp | WASC | WASP | watchdog timer | water cooling | waterfall model | watermark | WATS | watt | watt per steradian | watt-hour | wav | wave a dead chicken | Wave file | wave number | wave polarization | waveform | waveguide | wavelength | wavelength division multiplexing | wavelength illustration | wavelength switching | wavelength-division multiplexing | wavelet | wavetable | waving a dead chicken | WAX | Wayback Machine | WBEM | WBI | WBT | WCDMA | WCF | WDT | weak password | wearable computer | wearable robot | Web accelerator | Web analytics | Web anonymizer | Web application security | Web Application Security Consortium | Web archives | Web Based Enterprise Management | Web beacon | Web beaconing |
| Web bug | Web cam | Web compression | Web development freeware and shareware | Web farm | Web filter | Web filtering | Web hosting | Web Intermediaries | Web intermediary | Web marketing and advertising terms | web Methods | Web mining | web offset printing | Web page filter | Web presence | Web Proxy Autodiscovery | Web ring | Web Security School: Security School | Web self-service | Web server | Web server farm | Web service | Web Service Choreography Interface | Web services | Web services choreography | Web Services Coordination | Web Services Description Language | Web Services Interoperability Organization | Web Services Security | Web Services Transaction | Web Services: Glossary | Web site | Web site hosting | Web Solution Platform | Web Standards Project | Web year | Web-based backup | Web-Based Enterprise Management | Web-based training | Web-Braille | Web-enabled refrigerator | webby | webcam | Webcast | Webcasting | Webcasts | WebDAV | Webification | Webify | Webisode | weblog | WebLogic | Webmaster | webMethods | WebNFS | Website | WebSphere | WebSphere Development Studio Client (WDSC) | Websphere MQ | WebSphere Portal: Learning Guide | webtone | WebTV | wedge | weenie | weight | weighted fair queueing | weights and measures | Weird and wonderful geekspeak: Do you speak Geek? | well-known port numbers | WEP | Werner Heisenberg | WetPC | WF | WfM | WFQ | WFS | WGA | WGate | whack-a-mole | What is an intrusion detection system? | What is IT? Puzzle 1: Word puzzle | What is RSS? | What is Sametime?: Podcasts | What is spyware? | what you see is what you get | WhatIs.com Learning Center | WhatIs.com Podcasts: WhatIs.com podcasts | whip antenna | Whistler | White Book | white box | white hat | white list | white noise | white paper | white space | whiteboard | whitelist | Who was the inventor of xerography? | Who's Who in IT: Question #1 | Who's Who in IT: Question #2 | Who's Who in IT: Question #3 | Who's Who in IT: Question #4 | Who's Who in IT: Question #5 | whole number | WHQL | Why spyware isn't just a home-user problem | Wi-Fi | Wi-Fi cell phone | Wi-Fi finder | wi-fi mesh | Wi-Fi Protected Access | Wi-Fi VoIP | Wi-Max | Wibree | WIC | wide area network | wide-area file services | Wide-Area Information Servers | wide-area telephone service | wideband | wideband CDMA | wideband code-division multiple access | WiDEN | widget | Wiegand | Wien's constant | WiFi | wifi blimp | WiFi mesh | wiki | Wikipedia | wildcard character | Willamette | WiMAX | Win32s | Win9x | WinAMP | Winbind | WinChip | window | Window RAM | windowing system | Windows | Windows / Linux Migration & interoperability: Learning Guide | Windows 2000 | Windows 98 | Windows 9x | Windows CardSpace | Windows CE
| Windows Communication Foundation | Windows File System | Windows Genuine Advantage | Windows Hardware Quality Labs | Windows Internet Naming Service | Windows Management Instrumentation | Windows Me | Windows Media Player (WMP) | Windows NT | Windows Presentation Foundation | Windows Product Activation | Windows Server Update Services | Windows Update Services | Windows Workflow Foundation | Windows XP | Windows XP key changer | windows, icons, mouse, and pull-down menus | Wine | WinFrame | WinFX | Wingate | wink | wink release | winner's curse | winnowing | WinNuke | WINS | Winsock | Winsock 2 | Wintel | WinWF | WinZip | wire gauges | wire speed | Wired Equivalent Privacy | Wired for Management | wireless | Wireless Abstract XML | Wireless Application Protocol | wireless application service provider | wireless ASP | wireless backhaul | Wireless Bitmap | wireless blanket | wireless cable | Wireless FAQs: FAQ | Wireless Gateways | wireless ISP | wireless LAN | Wireless LAN glossary | Wireless LAN Routers | wireless local area network | Wireless Local Area Network Routers | wireless local number portability | Wireless Markup Language | wireless mesh network | wireless mesh networking | wireless number portability | wireless personal area network | wireless point of sale | wireless POS | Wireless Power Platform | wireless router | Wireless security: Learning Guide | wireless service provider | Wireless Transport Layer Security | wireless USB | wireless VoIP | wireless Web | Wireless: Glossary | Wireless: Learning Guide | WirelessMAN | wireline-to-wireless number portability | Wirth's Law | WISP | wizard | WLAN | WLPN | WMI | WML | WMP | wolf | word processor | Words-to-Go | Words-to-Go: Voice over IP | work | work load | workaround | workflow | working draft | workload | Workplace | workplace (user interface) | workstation | World Wide Web | World Wide Web Distributed Authoring and Versioning | worm | WORM (write once, read many) | Would the real (e-mail) sender please stand up?: SearchExchange.com Chapter Download | WPA | WPAD | WPAN | WPF | WPOS | WRAM | wrap plug | wrapper | writable DVD | write-only code | writing tablet | WS-Coordination | WS-I | WS-I Organization | WS-Security | WS-Transaction | WSCI | WSDL | WSDL: Learning Guide | WSUS | WTLS | WTS | WUS | WUSB | WYSIWYG
"Every File Format in the World"
This is a list of file name extension or suffixes that indicate the format or usage of a file and a brief description of that format. We don't really show the file format itself here. In fact, many formats are proprietary and we couldn't show them to you. In some cases, we link to a definition of the file format or to related information.
In general, if you have the program that uses the file format, that program can be used to open or otherwise use the file. Some file formats (for example, the GIF file format used for Web page images) are standard formats that can be opened by any program that supports that standard format.
"teraflop" setzt sich zusammen aus "tera" und einer Abkürzung von "FLoating point OPerations" ("point" wurde vernachlässigt). Und zu "tera" findet man bei "alphadictionary" folgenden Hinweis:
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The prefix "tera-" is even more unusual; it comes from Greek "teras" = "monster", and does not even suggest its meaning here, "trillion". The Greek word came from an old PIE verb meaning "do", "make", the same root that gave Sanskrit "karma" = "act", "deed".
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a failed terrorist plot but a trillion (billion outside the US) "FLoating point OPerations", used in measuring the speed of a computer processor.
Das engl. "tier" hat nichts mit Zoologie zu tun sondern bedeutet "Reihe", "Lage", "Rang", "Stufe".
In diesem speziellen Fall geht es um Rechenzentren, die von "Tier I" bis "Tier IV" klassifiziert werden. "Tier I" entspricht dabei der geringsten Sicherheitsstufe und "Tier IV" entspricht einem sehr gesicherten und mit redundanter Technik ausgestattetem Rechenzentrum.
Das engl. "tier" (1560) = dt. "Lage", "Rang", "Reihe", "Schicht", "Stufe", geht zurück auf mfrz., mengl. "tire" = "row", "rank", "sequence", "order". Dies geht weiter zurück auf altfrz. "tirer" = "herausziehen".
Bei "www.etymonline.com" findet man die These, dass engl. "tier" mit mhd. "ziere", ahd. "ziari" = dt. "glänzend", "herrlich", "prächtig" und damit mit dt. "Zier" = "Schönheit", "Pracht", "Schmuck" zusammenhängt.
Näherliegender scheint mir die Verwandtschaft von engl. "tier" mit dt., frz. "Tirade" = "Wortschwall" zu sein, das auf die Bedeutung "länger anhaltendes Ziehen", "sich Hinziehendes", zurück geht.
Interessanterweise geht auch die Süßspeise "Tiramisu" auf "tirer" zurück. Das ital. "tirami su" bedeutet ursprünglich "zieh mich hoch" und spielt auf die Muntermacheranteile Kaffee und Alkohol an.
Ein weiterer interessanter Verwandter ist engl. "tire" = "Reifen". Über das engl. "attire" = "kleiden", "anziehen" (dress or clothe, especially in fine or elaborate garments) wurde es zum "Radkleid" also zum "das Rad anziehenden Reifen".
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The four tiers, as classified by The Uptime Institute include the following:
Tier 1: composed of a single path for power and cooling distribution, without redundant components, providing 99.671% availability.
Tier II: composed of a single path for power and cooling distribution, with redundant components, providing 99.741% availability
Tier III: composed of multiple active power and cooling distribution paths, but only one path active, has redundant components, and is concurrently maintainable, providing 99.982% availability
Tier IV: composed of multiple active power and cooling distribution paths, has redundant components, and is fault tolerant, providing 99.995% availability.
"Ubiquitous Computing" bezeichnet der vollkommene Computerisierung unseres Lebens. Das Design-Prinzip des allgegenwärtigen (engl.: ubiquitous) Computers wurde 1988 von Mark Weiser entwickelt.
Introduction to How Ubiquitous Networking Will Work
Send Out the Bat Signal
In the Zone
Information Hoppers and Smart Posters
Lots More Information
See all Networking articles
Mobile computing devices have changed the way we look at computing. Laptops and personal digital assistants (PDAs) have unchained us from our desktop computers. A group of researchers at AT&T Laboratories Cambridge are preparing to put a new spin on mobile computing. In addition to taking the hardware with you, they are designing a "ubiquitous networking system" that allows your program applications to follow you wherever you go.
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Der Vorschlag für das deutsche Äauivalent von "ubiquitouscomputer" ist "Überallrechner", "Ubiquitärrechner".
If there's nothing different about UNIX people, how come so many were liberal-arts majors?
It's the love of words that makes UNIX stand out.
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UNIX
von "UNiplexed Information and Computing System (UNICS)"
Das Betriebssystem (BS) wurde 1969 von AT&T entwickelt. Es wurde als erstes BS in einer höheren Programmiersprache ("C") geschrieben. Daher war es weitgehend plattformunabhängig.
A set of algorithms for converting files into a series of 7-bit ASCII characters that can be transmitted over the Internet. Originally, "uuencode" stood for "Unix-to-Unix encode", but it has since become a universal protocol used to transfer files between different platforms such as Unix, Windows, and Macintosh. Uuencoding is especially popular for sending e-mail attachments. Nearly all e-mail applications support uuencoding for sending attachments and uudecoding for receiving attachments.
Another popular encoding algorithm is BinHex, which is often used for transferring Macintosh files, such as PICT graphics files.
V
Version Number (W3)
Die "Versionsnummer", engl. "version number" scheint erst mit der Entwicklung von Software so richtig in Erscheinung getreten zu sein.
(E?)(L?) http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc-index2.html
2145 Use and Interpretation of HTTP Version Numbers J. C. Mogul, R. Fielding, J. Gettys, H. Frystyk [ May 1997 ] ( TXT = 13659 bytes) (Status: INFORMATIONAL)
2144 The CAST-128 Encryption Algorithm C. Adams [ May 1997 ] ( TXT = 37532 bytes) (Status: INFORMATIONAL)
I wish I could tell you – actually, I’m hoping that someone reading this will be able to. I do know that the FORTRAN II programming language came along in 1958, so software developers having been using numbers to keep track of software versions for more than half a century. By the early 1970s, Unix’s developers were keeping track of its evolution using “edition” numbers – second edition, third edition, and so on – which referred to the revisions to the Unix manual.
I’m not sure if there was a period when version numbers weren’t widely used for personal computer software, but if so, it wasn’t long. When I got into computers in 1978, standard version numbers and point releases (such as Radio Shack’s famously unusable TRS-DOS 2.1) were already part of the culture.
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Engl. "Version Number" taucht in der Literatur um das Jahr 1950 auf.
Erstellt: 2012-01
Vista, Windows Vista (W3)
Das neue Microsoft Betriebssystem "Vista", das 2007 das Licht der Welt erblickte, ist die konsequente Fortführung des vorhergehenden "WINDOWS" (= "Fenster", wörtlich "Windauge"), heißt "Vista" doch "Blick", "Sicht", "Perspektive".
"vista" mit seinen verschiedenen Bedeutungen geht zurück auf lat. "videre" = "sehen". Nahe verwandt ist die "Vision".
span. "vista" = "Sehen", "Sehvermögen", "Blick", "Aussicht"
ital. "vista" = "Sehen", "Anblick", "Sicht"
engl. "vista" = "Ausblick", "Aussicht"
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ETYMOLOGY: Italian, from feminine past participle of "vedere", "to see", from Latin "vidre". See "weid-" in Appendix I.
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Eine Stadt in Kalifornien
Und als Abkürzung für "Volunteers In Service To America".
Alles zu Windows Vista von Markus Pilzweger
11.10.2007, 09:55 Uhr
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Die PC-WELT steht Ihnen mit Rat und Tat zur Seite. Bei uns finden Sie alles, was rund um Vista wichtig ist. Wie wird das System optimal eingerichtet? Wie wird Vista abgesichert? Oder wie erstellen Sie eine Vista-Setup-DVD? Diese Fragen und noch viel mehr beantworten wir Ihnen in den folgenden Ratgebern zu Windows Vista.
Vista glossary
So many terms, so little time! Vista was released in January 2007 with new features, new versions, new abilities - and new names for those things that were already familiar. Our glossary can help you figure out what's what in Windows Vista in short order.
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visual6502
Visual Transistor-level Simulation of the 6502 CPU and other chips!
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Have you ever wondered how the chips inside your computer work? How they process information and run programs? Are you maybe a bit let down by the low resolution of chip photographs on the web or by complex diagrams that reveal very little about how circuits work? Then you've come to the right place!
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You can see this operation right now in your browser (except for Internet Explorer) with our interactive "JavaScript simulation". We suggest a fast computer and lots of memory for this version.
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This simulator uses HTML5 features only found on the latest versions of browsers and needs lots of RAM. If you have trouble, please check compatibility.
Sorry, Microsoft Internet Explorer not supported - showing you a picture instead!
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Erstellt: 2011-01
W
webopedia
Who's Who in Internet and Computer Technology
The people listed in this section have made major contributions to the field of computer and Internet technology. Some are computer scientists whose developments have paved the way for the Internet of today; some are founders of companies that have influenced the direction of new developments and e-commerce trends. The one thing they all have in common is that the Internet would not be what it is today without the work they have done. As the technology leaps forward at a rapid pace, the list will continue to grow as new innovators make their mark on the industry. We realize that there are hundreds of people who have shaped the industry, and we strongly encourage our readers to submit the name of any person that deserves to be included in our list.
Abramson, Norm | Allen, Paul | Andreessen, Marc | Atanasoff, John | Babbage, Charles | Ballmer, Steve | Baran, Paul | Bechtolsheim, Andy | Berners-Lee, Tim | Berry, Clifford | Bezos, Jeff | Bhatia, Sabeer | Boole, George | Bosack, Len | Bosak, Jon | Canion, Rod | Case, Steve | Cerf, Vint | Chen, Peter | Clark, Jim | Codd, Edgar | Cox, Alan | Cray, Seymour | Daines, Bernard | Dell, Michael | Dijkstra, Edsger | Ellison, Larry | Engelbart, Doug | Ershov, Andrei | Gates, Bill | Geschke, Chuck | Goldfarb, Charles | Gosling, James | Grove, Andy | Heart, Frank | Hopper, Grace | Jobs, Steve | Joy, Bill | Kahn, Robert | Kay, Alan | Kernighan, Brian | Khosla, Vinod | Kleinrock, Leonard | Lerner, Sandy | Licklider, J.C.R. | Lovelace, Ada Byron | McNealy, Scott | Metcalfe, Bob | Minsky, Marvin | Moore, Gordon | Noorda, Ray | Noyce, Bob | Postel, Jonathan | Ritchie, Dennis | Roberts, Ed | Shugart, Alan | Stallman, Richard | Stroustrup, Bjarne | Thompson, Ken | Tomlinson, Ray | Torvalds, Linus | Turing, Alan | von Neumann, John | Wall, Larry | Warnock, John | Wozniak, Steve | Yourdon, Ed | Zuse, Konrad
ask about a characteristic of a computer How fast was the processor on the Atari 400?
Data Transfer
get information about a data transfer device 802.11n wireless network
compute a data transfer time data transfer time 10GB, 6Mb/s
RAID
compute RAID capacities RAID calculator
compute RAID capacities RAID5 4 drives 1TB
Character Encodings
look up a Unicode character U+00F8
specify a range of Unicode characters unicode 8900 to 8915
specify a character by name em dash
String Processing
find n-grams in a string n-grams "it was the best of times it was the worst of times"
encode a string with the ROT13 substitution cipher ROT13 "A quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog."
Hashing
compute a hash code for a string Adler 32 "inverse cosine"
compute a hash code for a string MD5 "A quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog."
Display Resolution
get data on a computer display format VGA display
compare formats WXGA, QXGA
compute display characteristics from pixel count 2.5 megapixel 300dpi display
Passwords
generate a password generate a 12 character password
generate a set of passwords generate 5 alphanumeric passwords of length 10
analyze a password analyze password SMtt76!
analyze a password password strength for qwerty2345#
analyze a password password strength for bobJoeBill
CAPTCHA
generate a CAPTCHA for specified text CAPTCHA Wolfram Alpha
generate a CAPTCHA using random text CAPTCHA
Base Conversion
convert between hex, decimal, octal, and binary 987 in hex
convert between hex, decimal, octal, and binary 354 hex to decimal
convert between hex, decimal, octal, and binary 101110000110111011 binary to octal
CIDR
calculate IP parameters using CIDR notation CIDR calculator
Erstellt: 2011-10
wordspot
(E?)(L1) http://www.wordspot.com/electricsymbols.html
Electric Symbols: Internet Words and Culture - by John Fraim
How words used on the Internet reflect our culture.
Abstract
The mous Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis posits a linguistic determinism arguing language plays a central role in creation of a worldview. In the sense that language is a product of words, one can say that a culture's worldview is affected and influenced by the words of its particular language. Words both create and communicate worldviews. The greatest potential in history for the observation and analysis of words exists on the Internet. Indeed, the Internet can be considered history's greatest observatory and laboratory of words.
Vor 25 Jahren (1978) stellte die Chipfirma Intel ihren ersten 16-Bit-Prozessor unter dem Namen 8086 vor. Niemand erwartete damals, dass diese relativ einfache Architektur so einen immensen Erfolg haben würde. Doch bis heute bildet die x86-Architektur die Basis für alle Prozessor-Generationen in den verschiedenen PCs, so das Computermagazin c't in der Ausgabe 13/2003.
Die x86er-Prozessor-Architektur steckt noch immer in jedem PC. Dabei war der 8086-Prozessor damals gar nicht revolutionär, sondern nur eine logische Fortentwicklung bestehender 8-Bit-Systeme. Durchgesetzt hat er sich einige Jahre später vor allem, weil IBM den ersten Personal Computer mit einem 8088-Prozessor ausstattete.
Weit über 100 Millionen 8086/88-Prozessoren haben Intel und diverse Lizenznehmer in der Folge bis etwa 1990 verkauft. Dabei sollte der Prozessor nur ein kurzlebiger Lückenfüller sein, weil bereits ein 32-Bit-Prozessor als sein Thronerbe auserkoren war.
Die IBM hat ihre Rechner um die Jahrtausendwende in Serien aufgeteilt. Die Grossrechnerserie heisst seit dem (Status: 08.01.2004) "zSeries". Das "z" soll dabei für "zero downtime" stehen. Rein theoretisch ist dies auch möglich - durch vielfache Redundanzen und Lastverteilungsfunktionen. Tatsache ist, dass diese Rechnerkonzeption (HW+SW) eine wirklich hohe Verfügbarkeit vorweisen kann.
Konsequenterweise heisst das News-Journal zu dieser Technologie "zJournal".
news relevant to users of IBM zSeries and S/390 systems
zJournal's Mission Statement
Contrary to countless reports, the mainframe is not dead and won't be for a long time. In fact, up to 80 percent of the nation's data is being stored and processed on mainframe computers, With that in mind, "z/Journal" is dedicated to providing useful, reliable, and interesting information on a wide variety of topics directly relevant to IT professionals using IBM "zSeries" and "S/390" systems.
mit Newsletter:
To keep up with the latest news and issues associated with IBM's zSeries and S/390 systems, and to be notified when z/Journal articles are posted on www.zjournal.com, sign up now to receive z/Journal's weekly z/Journal z/Flash e-Newsletter.